FEASIBLE STUDY ON THE INTEGRATION SYSTEM FOR THE SPACE MONITORING OF MAJOR EARTHQUAKES AND VOLCANOES IN TERRESTRIAL LAND

With the rapid development of space technology, earth observation technology and sky observatory technolo-gy, they have played a more and more important part in monitoring and predicting of earthquakes and volcanoes in the terres-trial land. In recent years, the related agencies have done the experiments and researches on monitoring and predicting ofearthquakes and volcanoes in the forewarning period by means of many approaches, such as satellite thermal infrared re-mote sensing (TIRS), Global Positioning System (GPS), differential interferometric synthesis aperture radar (D-INSAR),astronomical time-latitude residual anomaly, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), etc. A quite large number of re-search foundation has been built in the fundamental theories and application methods. The experiments and researcheshave shown that these technology is efficient methods for high frequency crust movement. If the existed separate scientificforces and results are possibly assembled together to form a more complete integration monitoring system with the combina-tion of space, sky observation, ground, deep geology and macro anomaly, it will come into a new stage of monitoring andpredicting of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.     

五大连池火山喷发观测史料被发现：老黑山火山喷发有新说法

本报讯 近日，五大连池火山考证取得新的进展。藏于清代黑龙江将军衙门档案中有关五大连池火山喷发的观测史料被发现，这些史料详细记述了我国境内最后一次大规模喷发的五大连池老黑山、火烧山火山喷发的时间、进程、火山堰塞湖的形成和当时清布特哈官兵对其观测丈量以及黑龙江将军向康熙皇帝奏报火山喷发的情况等。这部分档案全部为满文，为首次发现。     

火山的欢歌——中国五大边池世界地质公园揭碑侧记

2004年7月1日，是一个令五大连池人民难以忘怀的日子。由联合国教科文组织批准的中国五大连池世界地质公园，今天举行了隆重的揭碑仪式。     

西藏北部双湖-澜沧江缝合带中晚二叠世动力变质岩特征及地质意义

双湖-澜沧江缝合带是一条十分重要的板块缝合带,在带内的白云母石英构造片岩中获得251.5±2.6Ma年龄,表明韧性变形的时代为晚二叠世,认为是晚二叠世—早三叠世双湖-澜沧江缝合带A型俯冲碰撞期构造变形的产物。     

呼玛县五隆屯地区晚二叠世花岗岩地球化学特征及成区

呼玛县五隆屯地区出露的花岗岩岩石类型为中一中细粒花岗闪长岩,计有1个侵入体,呈岩株状产出。一、岩石及矿物学特征中一中细粒花岗闪长岩：中一中细粒花岗结构,块状构造,主要矿物为斜长石、条纹长石、石英和暗色矿物,粒度在0．6ram～5．0mm之间。斜长石40％～55％,条纹长石15％～20％,石英22％～28％。暗色矿物由黑云母和角闪石组成,含量10％。角闪石,绿色、褐绿色,     

腾冲火山区地表垂直形变分析

对腾冲火山区1998～2000年的3期垂直形变资料进行了分析，进而利用相关资料得出与计算有关的参数，再用多元Mogi模型反演了岩浆房的位置和大小，所得出的结果与地震层析反演结果基本相似。分析反演结果，认为火山区可能存在多个岩浆房，并有岩脉相通。     

The ＂CO2-rich gas vents＂ of Mt. Amiata volcano （Tuscany, Central Italy）： Geochemistry,genetic mechanism and hazard evaluation

Mt. Amiata （Southern Tuscany, Central Italy） is an extinct Quaternary volcano located in an area still marked by high heat-flow that is caused by deep seated （6-10 km） hot masses related to Pliocene magmatic activity. The anomalous geothermal gradient gives rise, within the Mesozoic limestone formation （Tuscan series）, to geothermal systems that fed the Ca-SO4 thermal springs characterizing this area. Besides of thermal fluids, several cold, dry CO2-rich gas emissions seep out on the NE flank of the volcano. These gas vents mostly consist of large sub-circular craters at variable depth and diameter （5-15 m and 10-50 m, respectively）, and represent a serious hazard for the local population, as testified by the several asphyxia casualties that have been repeatedly occurred within these morphological depressions. In this work, the chemical and isotopic compositions of the Mt. Amiata ＂CO2-rich gas vents＂ and the estimation of both the CO2 flux from the soil and the CO2 distribution in air of their surroundings, has been carried out in order to： （1） assess the origin of gases, （2） recognize the mechanism of formation for these gas emissions and their relationship with local tectonics, and （3） to evaluate the CO2 hazard in the high flux emanations. The chemical composition of the gases is largely dominated by CO2 （up to 98 % by vol） and shows relatively high concentrations of N2, CH4 and H2S （up to 1.1%, 0.9% and 3.9 % by vol, respectively）. These features, coupled with the carbon and nitrogen isotopic signatures, suggest that the origin of the main gas compounds may be related to the contribution of deep （i.e., thermometamorphic processes on carbonate formations for CO2） and shallow （i.e. thermal decomposition of organic material for CH4, N2 and H2S） sources.     

白云凹陷东南部晚渐新世陆架边缘三角洲沉积特征及沉积地貌演化

综合利用岩心、测井及三维地震资料,应用地震沉积学和地震地貌学方法,建立白云深水区晚渐新世三级层序地层格架,揭示白云凹陷东南部晚渐新世大型陆架边缘三角洲的沉积结构和沉积地貌特征。结果表明:珠海组至珠江组下段可划分7个层序,中上部ZHSQ5、ZHSQ6和ZHJSQ1时期发育三期陆架边缘三角洲沉积,其中ZHSQ5时期陆架边缘三角洲发育范围较小且相对富泥,前三角洲在地震剖面上呈约300m厚的斜交前积反射;ZHSQ6时期陆架边缘三角洲展布最广,前缘水下分流河道微相呈网状交织,横向展布达5km,三角洲前缘在地震剖面上为S型前积反射,前积体的高度向盆地方向逐渐减薄,前三角洲斜坡远端发育多个小型滑塌浊积体;ZHJSQ1时期继承早期陆架边缘三角洲的沉积特点,同时前缘下斜坡伴生较大规模的滑塌浊积扇。估算三角洲沉积古水深为600m,三角洲前缘斜坡倾角为4°~7°,反映三角洲形成于深水陆架边缘环境。晚渐新世相对海平面变化和沉积物供给共同作用控制研究区陆架边缘三角洲的形成期次和展布规模,而同沉积断裂活动对陆架边缘三角洲的发育位置及沉积形态具有制约作用。陆架边缘三角洲前缘砂坝、分流河道砂体及前三角洲浊积砂体可构成重要的油气储层。     

碧口古陆周边锰矿找矿分析

前震旦系碧口群,属四川古陆核西北缘,中新元古代发育的岛弧型建造,经晋宁运动碰撞拼贴,组成扬子地台的一部分,本身固结成为古陆.在其周边及东部成带分布了含锰岩系.目前各含锰矿带上的锰矿床,具体层位归属有蓟县纪、震旦纪、寒武纪等之不同认识.经分析研究认为,含锰岩系均属前震旦纪摩大岭复背斜褶皱带(即碧口古陆)之上的盖层型震旦寒武纪沉积,大致应为同一时代,即晚震旦世.由于各带所处地质构造背景、沉积环境的不同,锰矿特征明显有异,南含锰矿带临接扬子地台,为弱还原地质环境相对稳定,以优质锰矿类型为主;北含锰矿带紧邻秦岭地槽,凹陷较深为还原环境,以高磷锰矿为主.在该带含锰岩系的构造岩性有利部位,易形成风化淋积型锰矿床.故在寻找锰矿过程中,应区别对待,注意优质锰矿的辨认,并对本区锰矿找矿标志及找矿方向提出建议.     

华峰尖火山通道地球物理场地球化学异常特征及其与成矿作用的关系

治岭头金银矿及杨梅岗铅锌矿、治岭头黄铁矿均生成在华峰尖火山通道的边缘断裂带内。研究火山构造不但对找矿和成矿预测有重要意义,而且对研究矿床的生成时代、成因类型也有重要意义。治岭头金银矿虽然生成在陈蔡群变质岩的糜棱岩带内,许多研究者认为是变质热液矿床。从矿体的产出部位与火山通道的关系看：应为火山热液矿床,生成时代应为燕山早期。