不同水位垂直流人工湿地中植物及微生物特征

利用4个连续进水的垂直流人工湿地,比较分析水位对污染物去除效果的影响,研究湿地中植物对氮磷去除的贡献,阐析湿地中脱氮功能菌数量的演变规律。3个湿地栽种黄花鸢尾,水位分别控制在19、51和84cm,另一个湿地不栽种植物,水位为51cm。结果表明,水位对氮和有机物的去除有显著影响(p<0.05),栽种植物的湿地中,51cm水位时总氮去除率(67.4%～79.2%)最高,19cm水位时氨氮(85.3%～93.0%)和COD(81.8%～92.9%)去除效果最好。试验中黄花鸢尾均生长良好,植物吸收对总氮(Total nitrogen,简称TN)和总磷(Total phosphorus,简称TP)去除的贡献分别为19.2%～27.3%和14.7%～19.2%;植物地上部分发挥更重要作用,其TN和TP含量及对TN和TP的吸收量均高于地下部分。湿地表层基质中3种脱氮功能菌数量均随运行时间的增加而显著提高,亚硝化细菌和硝化细菌数量分别为10~4～10~6和10~5～10~7 MPN/g,随水位升高而减少;反硝化细菌数量为10~3～10~6 MPN/g,随水位升高而增加。     

土石坝GNSS监测水平位移与库水压荷载建模分析

为揭示水库水位变化与土石坝表面位移的关系并建立相应的模型,该文收集了茜坑水库主坝体上下游多个监测点近半年的GNSS监测数据,通过解算短基线获取了各测站毫米级精度水平位移序列。结合坝体结构和水库水位监测结果,分析了库水位变化产生的面板水压荷载变化与监测站水平位移变化序列之间的关系。基于两者正相关特征,推导了水压载荷与监测点水平位移变化间简化的线性模型,并利用实测数据和最小二乘方法估计了模型参数。拟合结果表明,该模型较好地反映了水库调水期间,监测点水平位移的趋势和规律。     

广西苍梧5.4级地震前地下流体异常分析

通过整理分析2016年苍梧5.4级地震前广西境内的地下流体观测资料,发现6个地下流体井的水位观测数据在苍梧5.4级震前出现了前兆异常,水温观测数据无异常:石埠、九塘、香1井水位出现趋势异常;桂平、北海、石康井水位出现破年变异常.其中1个异常井位于震中周边200 km范围内,其余异常井分布在离震中较远的范围.通过分析异常...     

变截面水利大坝在峰值水位条件下的蓄水性能研究

用于水利工程的大坝常设计成一边直角边,另一边为斜边的形式,该种设计形式有利于节省占地和有效蓄水,因此在大坝工程设计中,被广泛采用。本文通过Geostudio数值模拟软件研究了大坝在峰值的蓄水水位条件下的稳定性。主要得出以下结论：(1)混凝土坝基内的水压从上至下逐渐增大;(2)混凝土坝基内的水压与体积含水量之间近似成指数函数关系形式;(3)该混凝土坝基整体达到了防止渗水的要求,工程设计和施工中应加强坝基右下端位置的防水。     

安徽某地区垃圾填埋场浅层地下水质量现状评价

在初步了解研究区水文地质条件的基础上,通过地下水水位统测,详细掌握地下水的补径排特征,在此基础上合理布置地下水采样点,对垃圾场周边的地下水水质进行分析研究,进一步掌握垃圾填埋场对周边地下水的影响情况。结果表明：垃圾填埋场周边的浅层地下水水质总体较差,其中Ⅳ类占70%、Ⅴ类占30%,水质较差的地区位于地下水排泄区,对地下水水质影响较大的指标主要为锰、氟离子、钠离子、硝酸盐等。     

三条断裂带倾泻的“圣泉”

宁乡灰汤温泉位于宁乡县城西南部,距宁乡县城45km,距韶山34km,距长沙约90km.长沙至宁乡有长常铁路和高速公路经宁乡,公路可从长沙直达温泉区,交通非常便利.     

三种验潮方法水位观测性能比较与统计分析

水尺、压力式验潮仪与验潮井验潮仪是海道测量水位控制和水位观测的主要手段。通过6日6个时间段的同步比对试验,计算了三种方法获取水位观测数据之间的潮时差和潮高差,分析了三种观测手段的水位观测性能以及产生差值的可能原因,提出了使用方法的建议。     

HAMSOM模式对海啸引起的水位异常的模拟

从海啸的特征出发,探讨在利用Hamburg Shelf Ocean Model(HAMSOM)对海洋上已经发生的海啸进行模拟的过程中所涉及的参数处理问题,同时利用理想地形进行多个实验,分析海啸发生后传播到近岸,尤其是200 km内的水位变化特征.成功的用数值模式对海啸进行模拟可以使海啸预警发挥重大作用.     

A culture-dependent survey of thermophilic bacteria from hot springs in Xiamen area in China

Microbes are believed to play important roles in ecosystem function in many environments. The hot springs of Xiamen Island are close to the Xiamen Sea, and may have some characteristics different from those of inland hot springs. Microbes living in the hot springs of Xiamen may have new characteristics. However, little is known about microbial communities of hot springs close to the Xiamen Sea. A culturedependent survey of microbial population in the Xiamen hot springs was performed by using an approach combining total cellular protein profile identification and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. A total of 328 isolates of bacteria were obtained from liquid and sediment samples from the Xiamen hot springs, including neutrophilic thermophilic bacteria and moderately thermophilic acidophiles. Neutrophilic thermophilic bacteria, which grow at a temperature range of 55—90℃ including Rhodothermus marinus (Strain 1), Thermus thermophilus (Strain 2), Thermus thiopara (Strain 3), Geobacillus stearothermophilus (Strain 4), Geobacillus thermoleovorans (Strain 5), and Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes (Strain 6), were recovered by 2216E plates. Moderately thermophilic acidophiles, which can grow at temperatures above 50℃ and a pH range of 1.8—3.5 such as Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris (Strain 8), Sulfobacillus acidophilus (Strain 9), and Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans (Strain 10), were isolated on selective solid medium containing sulfur and Fe2+. Among these strains, Rhodothermus marinus, Thermus thermophilus and Geobacillus stearothermophilus are not only thermophiles, but also halophiles. One bacterium strain (Strain 6) shared 99% nucleotide sequence homology with Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes on the 16S rRNA gene sequence, but was quite different from Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes in biological characteristics, suggesting that it may represent a novel thermophilic species. Results indicated that various species of neutrophilic thermophiles and moderately thermophilic acidophiles were widely distributed in the Xiamen hot springs and that Rhodothermus marinus and Thermus thermophilus dominated the cultivable microbial community.     

Numerical Simulation of Water Level Under Interaction Between Runoff and Estuarine Dynamics in Tidal Reach of the Yangtze River

The Yangtze Estuary, the largest estuary in China, is under an obvious interaction between runoff and astronomical tide. The research on the interaction is very important for the exploitation and utilization of water resources in this area. A horizontal 2D hydrodynamic numerical model is established and verified in the present study with the modeling range from Datong to the Yangtze Estuary. Based on the comparison of high water levels under the interaction between different runoff and estuarine dynamics, s...