蒙特卡罗法在天然气水合物资源量计算中的应用

天然气水合物甲烷资源量的估算是天然气水合物研究中的热点问题。运用体积法计算含水合物沉积物中的甲烷资源量时,存在参数赋值不确定的问题,从而影响了计算结果的可信度。采用蒙特卡罗法,通过计算样本的频率可以较好地评价和描述计算结果的信度,弥补体积法的不足。对采用蒙特卡罗法估算甲烷资源量的原理进行了分析和探讨,并以麦肯齐三角洲和南海海域水合物为例,计算了水合物赋存区的甲烷资源量。     

苏北沿岸流对浒苔暴发及漂移过程的影响

根据2009年5月的温度、盐度和溶解氧观测数据,应用"对应分析法"对水团的分布范围和特性进行了分析,并探讨了苏北沿岸流对浒苔(Enteromorpha prolifera)暴发及漂移过程的影响。结果表明,春季苏北沿岸流向东南流动过程中,可以将海水中悬浮的浒苔繁殖体向南输运至长江冲淡水与苏北沿岸流交汇处,此处的浒苔繁殖体在适宜的条件下生长繁殖。在夏季风的作用下,长江口北部的浒苔与苏北沿岸海域的浒苔,随表层海流向北漂移,在地球偏转力作用下,漂移路径不断向右偏转,并最终在山东半岛南部海域聚集堆积。苏北沿岸流在浒苔暴发初期将繁殖体输送到条件适宜的生长区,并对浒苔向北漂移起到了重要作用。长江冲淡水向北扩展范围的增大对于浒苔的生长和繁殖起到了促进作用。查明浒苔扩散路径及输运机制不仅具有重要环境意义,而且对深入了解沿岸和河口区泥沙及污染物的扩散和输运机制具有指示作用。     

Experimental Studies on Extraction of Modified Suction Caisson (MSC) in Sand by Reverse Pumping Water

A suction caisson can be extracted by applying reverse pumping water,which cannot be regarded as the reverse process of installation because of the dramatically different soil?structure interaction behavior.Model tests were first carried out in this study to investigate the extraction behavior of the modified suction caisson(MSC)and the regular suction caisson(RSC)in sand by reverse pumping water.The effects of the installation ways(suction-assisted or jacking installation)and the reverse pumping rate on the variations of the over-pressure resulting form reverse pumping water were investigated.It was found that neither the RSC nor the MSC can be fully extracted from sand.When the maximum extraction displacement is obtained,the hydraulic gradient of the sand in the suction caisson reaches the critical value,leading to seepage failure.In addition,the maximum extraction displacement decreases with the increasing reverse pumping rate.Under the same reverse pumping rate,the final extraction displacements for the RSC and MSC installed by suction are lower than those for the RSC and MSC installed by jacking.The final extraction displacement of MSC is almost equal to that of the RSC with the same internal compartment length.Based on the force equilibrium,a method of estimating the maximum extraction displacement is proposed.It has been proved that the proposed method can rationally predict the maximum extraction displacement and the corresponding over-pressure.     

海洋信息通信网不同VPN实例之间 互通问题的研究

主要对海洋信息通信网中MPLS VPN技术进行了研究,通过分析海洋信息通信网网络现状、MPLS VPN技术在海洋信息通信网中的架构设计,以及RD值与RT值在VPN实例中的重要作用,以实验的方式,对不同VPN实例的Import RT和Export RT匹配策略进行了验证。     

2019年《地理学报（英文版）》办刊进展

6月20日,科睿唯安发布了2019年《期刊引证报告》(Journal Citation Reports,JCR),该报告共收录全球科技期刊及人文社科期刊(SCI、SSCI)12515种,其中中国大陆224种。JCR公布的数据显示:《地理学报(英文版)》(Journal of Geographical Sciences,JGS)2018年度影响因子为2.347,在JCR收录的12515种期刊中排名第4361位.     

基于GIS地理空间关系的消防审查知识图谱构建

BIM具有精细三维建模的优点,能够通过计算机平台展示消防设备的具体细节,GIS具有强大的空间分析功能,可以反映出BIM模型内构件的空间关系^[1]。随着消防审查技术要求的日益提高,审查人员在消防设备的运营和管控中,大都缺少对消防设备地理空间信息属性的审查环节,这无疑会对审查结果的准确性造成一定影响。本研究针对上述问题,提出将建筑信息建模(BIM)技术与地理信息系统(GIS)技术相结合,实现这两种技术的相辅相成,并引入了知识图谱来改良建模。该方法以《建规》为基础语料库,通过改良的Methontology法,实现半自动化的图谱本体构建;接着采用Stanford大学开发的DeepDive新型数据管理系统,实现消防规范的特征关系抽取;最后在KGB(Knowledge Graph Builder)智能开发平台完成知识图谱的构建。该研究的意义在于一方面能够促进建筑行业与GIS技术的结合,另一方面也能够推动知识图数据库与文本规则条例的融合配对,实现综合楼宇消防构件的实景三维自动化审查。     

《应用海洋学学报》征稿简则

《应用海洋学学报》是国家海洋局第三海洋研究所、中国海洋学会、福建省海洋学会主办,中国生态学学会海洋生态专业委员会协办,国家海洋局主管,国内外公开发行的全国性综合性海洋科学学报(季刊,国内统一刊号:CN35-1319/P,国际标准刊号:ISSN2095-4972)。《应用海洋学学报》是中文核心期刊、中国科技核心期刊、中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)收录期刊、中国学术期刊(光盘版)收录期刊和中国核心期刊(遴选)数据库收录期刊,也是中国、美国、英国、日本以及联合国等十几个科技期刊数据库的收录期刊。     

Numerical simulation and preliminary analysis of typhoon waves during three typhoons in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea

In this study,typhoon waves generated during three typhoons(Damrey(1210),Fung-wong(1416),and Chan-hom(1509))in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea were simulated in a simulating waves nearshore(SWAN)model,and the wind forcing was constructed by combining reanalyzed wind data with a Holland typhoon wind model.Various parameters,such as the Holland fitting parameter(B)and the maximum wind radius?,were investigated in sensitivity experiments in the Holland model that affect the wind field construction.Six different formulations were considered and the parameters determined by comparing the simulated wind results with in-situ wind measurements.The key factors affecting wave growth and dissipation processes from deep to shallow waters were studied,including wind input,whitecapping,and bottom friction.Comparison with in-situ wave measurements suggested that the KOMEN scheme(wind input exponential growth and whitecapping energy dissipation)and the JONSWAP scheme(dissipation of bottom friction)resulted in good reproduction of the significant wave height of typhoon waves.A preliminary analysis of the wave characteristics in terms of wind-sea and swell wave revealed that swell waves dominated with the distance of R to the eye of the typhoon,while wind-sea prevailed in the outer region up to six to eight times the R values despite a clear misalignment between wind and waves.The results support the hypothesis that nonlinear wave-wave interactions may play a key role in the formation of wave characteristics.     

Contribution of trimethylamine N-oxide on the growth and pressure tolerance of deep-sea bacteria

Trimethylamine N-oxide(TMAO) is widely dispersed in marine environments and plays an important role in the biogeochemical cycle of nitrogen. Diverse marine bacteria utilize TMAO as carbon and nitrogen sources or as electron acceptor in anaerobic respiration. Alteration of respiratory component according to the pressure is a common trait of deep-sea bacteria. Deep-sea bacteria from dif ferent genera harbor high hydrostatic pressure(HHP) inducible TMAO reductases that are assumed to be constitutively expressed in the deep-sea piezosphere and facilitating quick reaction to TMAO released from ?sh which is a potential nutrient for bacterial growth. However, whether deep-sea bacteria universally employ this strategy remains unknown. In this study, 237 bacterial strains affliated to 23 genera of Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria were isolated from seawater, sediment or amphipods collected at dif ferent depths. The pressure tolerance and the utilization of TMAO were examined in 74 strains. The results demonstrated no apparent correlation between the depth where the bacteria inhabit and their pressure tolerance, regarding to our samples. Several deep-sea strains from the genera of Alteromonas, Halomonas,Marinobacter, Photobacterium, and Vibrio showed capacity of TMAO utilization, but none of the isolated Acinebacter, Bacillus, Brevundimonas, Muricauda, Novosphingobium, Rheinheimera, Sphingobium and Stenotrophomonas did, indicating the utilization of TMAO is a species-speci?c feature. Furthermore, we noticed that the ability of TMAO utilization varied among strains of the same species. TMAO has greater impact on the growth of deep-sea isolates of Vibrio neocaledonicus than shallow-water isolates. Taken together, the results describe for the ?rst time the TMAO utilization in deep-sea bacterial strains, and expand our understanding of the physiological characteristic of marine bacteria.