80年代环境地球化学的某些进展

80年代，环境地球化学取得了很大的发展，主要表现在：     

大气扩散参数在大气污染物落地浓度估算中的贡献

从实际环评工作中如何确定扩散参数的角度，讨论其对污染物落地浓度的影响，提高在一定条件下切合实际的建议。     

Seasonal variation in imposex intensity of Thais clavigera

Imposex, specifically caused by TBT pollution, refers to the superimposition of male sexual characteristics in gastropod females. Seasonal variation of imposex intensity in Thais clavigera from both slightly and severely contaminated sites in Hong Kong waters was studied from 1988 to 1999. The male penis length showed significant difference between both sites and seasons. It was shortest during late autumn and early winter (October to December) and longest during spring and early summer (February to June). Female penis length also showed significant difference between sites. It did not change seasonally, however. The RPS (Relative Penis Size) index was the highest during autumn and early winter, and the lowest during spring and early summer. The VDS (Vas Deferens Sequence) index remained stable throughout the sampling period. This study showed that VDS index is a better indicator when we compare relative intensity of imposex. The comparison can only be meaningful provided the samples from different locations are taken during the same season.     

河南西半部矿产地环境天然放射性本底水平及其意义

河南西半部２７个煤、铝、金、萤石、水泥原料等矿区的放射性测量结果证明，除铝土矿层放射性本底偏高外，其他地域的天然放射性环境均具低、中本底水平。人们工作、生活在这些环境内无辐射污染，更无危害；铝土矿层的本底值尽管偏高，但也低于国家最低防护标准；长期观测证明，宇宙射线降落量较稳定。各地勘单位今后在河南西半部进行的各类矿种勘探矿区（放射性矿床除外），一般只需一次性测量环境辐射本底即可，勿需测“至少一年的天然放射性本底数据”。     

井中物探在环保中的应用

地下水质保护是一项重要的环保工作。地下水污染或污染的迁移取决于基岩特征和上覆沉积层类型。断裂、裂隙发育的基岩和渗透性强的沉积层为污染迁移提供了通道。应该避免选择这样的地段作为废物处理场所。 在对有害废物处理场所的研究中,井下物探的作用,可分为三个方面:1.场所的选择;2.污染范围的确定;3.对污染范围的长期监控。 通过岩石学、裂隙以及孔隙度的测定等井下物探技术,可以提供了解地下水文所需资料;通过伽马射线、电阻率、感应电导率、磁化率及激发极化等测井方法,可以获得岩石特征的资料;断裂、裂隙及其性质的测定,可以通过测径仪、密度法、电阻率法、温度和井下声波电视获得;孔隙度的测定由中子—中子法、电阻率法、密度法以及地震波速测井等方法获得;水质的测定可以通过自电、流体电阻、Eh和pH等测量方法进行。 上述所获得的物探资料,可以作为圈定污染范围的依据;根据污染引起的流体物理化学性质的变化,可进行污染迁移的长期监控。