悬浮泥沙对藻类生长影响的实测与分析

通过对长江下游镇扬段的牛轭湖—内江的泥沙、水质、光强、藻类等进行现场监测和数据分析,探讨了内江悬浮泥沙对水下光强的衰减规律以及对藻类生长的影响。结果表明:内江水体中存在80%以上的粒径小于75μm的微细悬浮颗粒,其中不易沉降的粘土颗粒占到20%～50%左右,枯水期平均含量为40 mg/L,丰水期平均含量为70 mg/L,而藻细胞生物总量基本都在100万个/L以内,其中绿藻、硅藻为优势种。数据分析表明:泥沙对水下光强的衰减遵循指数函数衰减规律,光衰减系数与泥沙含量呈较好的线性相关性,内江的优势种绿藻、硅藻的生物量与泥沙含量呈显著的指数相关。认为,泥沙通过衰减光强间接地抑制藻类繁殖,这一抑制作用可以由泥沙含量和藻细胞密度之间的关系进行定量。     

未熟—低熟油的油气地球化学研究

作为油气地球化学研究的新领域之一，未熟－低熟油研究已引起人们重视。未熟－低熟油气形成条件及区域地球化学特征研究表明，未熟－低熟源岩层的烃源岩具有有机质类型好、丰度高的特点，同时不同的沉积背景和湖盆类型，决定了其有机质的生源构成，既具有共性又存在一定的差异，这些差异决定了其生烃特征和生成产物的不同。     

磷块岩形成过程中的生物作用

 对我国震旦纪、寒武纪磷块岩矿床的研究表明,参与成磷作用的生物主要是菌、藻类微生物。生物作用的标志表现为:P₂O₅主要富集在叠层石磷块岩中,富集在叠层石的柱体上,富集在柱体内部的富藻纹层中;而与磷块岩共生的白云石和黄铁矿的δ¹³C值和δ³⁴S值相对均较低,则是生物参与成磷作用的同位素标志特点。生物的成磷作用贯穿成磷过程的始终,但它随作用的相带、环境和阶段不同,生物的种属和作用方式也不同,因而矿石和矿床的质量也随之而异。     

从孢粉、藻类化石组合看长江三角洲第一硬质粘土层的成因及其古环境意义

文章通过对长江三角洲南翼7个钻孔样品的孢粉、藻类分析,从晚第四纪第一硬质粘土层中提取出了种类和数量均较可观的孢粉、藻类化石,从而可以判别第一硬质粘土层形成时的沉积环境和植被类型,为长江三角洲地区硬质粘土层的成因研究提供了生物化石依据。研究结果表明,第一硬质粘土层中有多种孢粉、藻类化石组合。高含量淡水藻类的存在说明硬质粘土形成受到流水的作用,亦即硬粘土的形成环境可能为水域环境。化石组合中含量较低的海生沟鞭藻表明,长江三角洲地区在硬质粘土形成时曾受到海水影响。硬质粘土层中的禾本科-莎草科-落叶栎-松、禾本科-落叶栎-松-蒿和莎草科-落叶栎-香蒲孢粉组合指示研究区低地为平原区草甸,而周边的山地有针阔叶混交林分布,当时该地区属于温凉略湿的温带气候。     

A comprehensive factor model of growth velocity of green algae and diatoms in local lake area

With rapid development of our society and economy in these years, more and more nutrients flow into those water bodies, providing an excellent base for the various algal blooming breaking out very suddenly, only if environmental conditions are suitable. For water treatment plants using those eutrophication resources as raw water, the existing water quality models or eutrophication models cannot provide much in time and real-time help with a short-term to monitor a special local water area＇s quality of water source. In order to study the correlation between changes of several typical indices and growth regulation, algae were cultivated in an artificial environment. The raw water used in these experiments came from subsurface water at the Dashahe Reservoir in Guangdong Province, China. During the cultivating process, it strictly controlled original indices as trophic factors, ecological factors and topographic factors, and has successfully achieved 64 sets of experiment data, which indicate some suggested conclusions. It has achieved some regulations which can describe how certain factors influence algae growth biomass and velocity, including nutrition factors, ecological factors, and topographic factors. From several interrelated studies, it is known that algae growth velocity is affected mostly by initial trophic status, light intensity and water temperature. In this research, with the help of SPSS software to explore regression analyses, it is proposed that algae growth velocity model should be depicted as a comprehensive model and expressed as： dDdt = kent.