第二次土地调查图件自动标注方法探索

全国第二次土地调查图件的手工制作方法工作量非常大，错误难以避免，所以实现自动化标注是必要的。由于面状要素情况复杂，已有算法效果不理想，作者提出了基于最大空间的空间挤压算法。经实践生产检验，该算法对土地利用图件的编号与符号自动标注效果良好。     

在Zebiak-Cane模式中观测MJO强迫对ENSO可预报性的影响, 第1部分:对最大预报误差的影响

With the observational wind data and the Zebiak-Cane model, the impact of Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) as external forcing on El Ni(n)o–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) predictability is studied. The obs...     

基于高分二号卫星数据的农作物分类方法研究

针对目前高分二号卫星数据(GF-2)有较高的空间分辨率而在农业领域应用较少和农作物分类普遍存在"同谱异物"和"同物异谱"的现象,以辽宁省沈阳市苏家屯区以西的新开河村周边为试验基地,利用最佳波段组合指数法(OIF)对所选取的高分二号(GF-2)卫星数据的纹理特征和植被指数以及波段信息进行筛选,选取最佳的波段组合,以增加分类信息、减少数据冗余。最后,针对筛选后的数据,使用最大似然法进行分类,得到农作物的分类结果。结果表明,利用该方法对农作物进行分类,分类精度得到了一定程度的提高,为目前大规模农作物种植面积的精确、迅速统计提供了一套可行的方案。     

平安地区自建站以来冻土变化规律分析

利用1989—2013年平安区气象局冻土资料,分析了25a平安地区季节性冻土变化情况。平安区冻土开始日期逐渐延后,1989—2000年,平均开始日期为11月1日,2001—2013年,平均开始日期为11月8日,平均开始时间推迟了7d。冻土结束日期提前,2000年以前的平均解冻日期是3月21日,2000年以后的平均解冻日期是3月8日,解冻时间提前了13d。冻土持续时间缩短了21d。平均冻土深度和最大冻土深度均减小,其中平均冻土深度从2000年以前的93.5cm减少至2000年以后的88.5cm。平均深度减小了5cm。     

长江河口南槽纵向余环流:径流、潮汐和地形耦合机制

经典河口环流理论认为河口纵向上存在表层向海、底层向陆的单环流,但该理论中并未包含对地形因素的考虑.本研究于2018年洪、枯季(7、12月)在长江口南槽开展全潮周期的现场调查,通过锚系剖面和座底三脚架观测获得了从陆向海3个站位的同步流速、温盐剖面等数据,探讨了河口拦门沙地形对纵向余环流的影响.研究结果显示,长江口南槽拦门...     

诸城发现世界规模最大的恐龙足迹群

日前,一处大规模恐龙足迹群在山东省诸城市皇华镇大山社区皇龙沟被发现,经中国科学院、中国地质科学院恐龙专家现场勘验证实,这是目前世界上已发现的规模最大的恐龙足迹群,是诸城继发现世界最大规模恐龙化石群之后的又一重大发现。     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987110000071

<正>The lithospheric structure of China and its adjacent area is very complex and is marked by several prominent characteristics.Firstly,China's continental crust is thick in the west but thins to the east,and thick in the south but thins to the north.Secondly,the continental crust of the Qinghai—Tibet Plateau has an average thickness of 60—65 km with a maximum thickness of 80 km,whereas in eastern China the average thickness is 30—35 km,with a minimum thickness of only 5 km in the center of the South China Sea.The average thickness of continental crust in China is 47.6 km,which greatly exceeds the global average thickness of 39.2 km.Thirdly,as with the crust,the lithosphere of China and its adjacent areas shows a general pattern of thicker in the west and south,and thinner in the east and north.The lithosphere of the Qinghai—Tibet Plateau and northwestern China has an average thickness of 165 km, with a maximum thickness of 180—200 km in the central and eastern parts of the Tarim Basin,Pamir, and Changdu areas.In contrast,the vast areas to the east of the Da Hinggan Ling—Taihang—Wuling Mountains,including the marginal seas,are characterized by lithospheric thicknesses of only 50—85 km.Fourthly,in western China the lithosphere and asthenosphere behave as a "layered structure", reflecting their dynamic background of plate collision and convergence.The lithosphere and asthenosphere in eastern China display a "block mosaic structure",where the lithosphere is thin and the asthenosphere is very thick,a pattern reflecting the consequences of crustal extension and an upsurge of asthenospheric materials.The latter is responsible for a huge low velocity anomaly at a depth of 85—250 km beneath East Asia and the western Pacific Ocean.Finally,in China there is an age structure of "older in the upper layers and younger in the lower layers" between both the upper and lower crusts and between the crust and the lithospheric mantle.     

山区县地质灾害防治方法的探索

改革开放以来,经济社会快速发展,但一些地区的生态环境却遭到了破坏,空气、水、土壤等环境资源受到严重污染,全球气候变暖,强降雨等恶劣天气时有发生,地质灾害也防不胜防,世界各地时有发生重大地质灾害事件,地质灾害区域部分人的生命财产遭受巨大损失。加大地质灾害防治工作力度,尽最大能力避免或降低地质灾害造成的损失,是国土资源部门的工作内容,也是各级人民政府的重要职责。既要加强地质灾害隐患点的巡查监测工作,更要加大地质灾害隐患点的治理工作力度,确保人民生命财产的安全。     

51a河北省降水时空分布及变化特征

利用经验正交函数分解(EOF)、Mann-kendall突变性检验、滑动T检验、最大熵谱分析等方法,分析了河北省1961-2011年降水量的变化情况,结果表明:河北省年降水量空间分布不均,在燕山和太行山迎风坡一侧降水量较大,其中承德南部、唐山、秦皇岛年平均降水量较多,超过600 mm,张家口和承德北部年平均降水量较少,不足400 mm,各区降水量主要呈下降趋势,除故城、盐山、黄骅、昌黎、唐山、滦县、遵化外,大部分台站下降趋势不显著;河北省年降水量的空间分布既有"一致型",也存在"南北型";在时间变化上,除夏季降水量显著减少,5月(8月)显著增加(减少)外,年及其他月季降水量增减不明显;河北省年降水量整体存在2~3 a左右的变化周期,在1996年存在突变现象,而各季节降水量的变化有所不同。河北省降水量的时空特征符合河北地形特点及大尺度气候系统的变化规律。     

Combined effects of light intensity and NH^＋4-enrichment on growth,pigmentation, and photosynthetic performance of Ulva prolifera （Chlorophyta）

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of light intensity and enhanced nitrogen supply on the growth and photosynthesis of the green-tide macroalga, Ulva prolifera. Thalli of U. prolifera were grown in natural or NH 4 +-enriched seawater under two different light intensities for 7 days, and then the growth rate, pigmentation, and photosynthetic performance of the thalli were evaluated. The results show that the relative growth rate(RGR) was markedly higher under the high light level than under the low light level. Enrichment with NH 4 + enhanced the RGR under high light intensity, but did not affect RGR under low light intensity. In low light conditions, NH 4 +-enrichment resulted in a marked decrease in the maximal photosynthetic rate( P m) and the maximum carbon fixation rate( V max), but it did not affect the half saturation constant for carbon( K 0.5) or the ratio of V max to K 0.5, which reflects the carbon acquisition efficiency. In high light conditions, P m, K 0.5, and the dark respiration rate( R d) increased under NH 4 + enrichment, but V max and the V max / K 0.5 ratio decreased. Regardless of the light intensity, NH 4 +-enrichment did not affect the apparent photosynthetic efficiency( α), which refl ects the ability of the alga to use light energy at low light levels. Under both low and high light intensities, the chlorophyll a(Chl a), chlorophyll b(Chl b), and carotenoids(Car) contents in thalli were higher in NH 4 +-enriched than in natural seawater, except that there was a decrease in the Chl b content of thalli in NH 4 +-enriched seawater under low light intensity. Therefore, NH 4 + enrichment improved the growth and photosynthetic performance of U. prolifera under high light intensity, but not under low light intensity. We discuss the possible mechanisms underlying these physiological responses.