数学地球科学跨越发展的十年:大数据、人工智能算法正在改变地质学

近十年是科学研究从问题驱动向数据驱动转变的转折时期,科学研究的第四范武—数据密集型科学发现应势而生.这期间,大数据与人工智能算法的引入使数学地球科学实现跨越式发展,并正在改变地质学.机器学习是使计算机具有智能的根本途径.深度学习,即多层神经网络的方法,是一种实现机器学习的技术,是过去几年大数据与数学地球科学研究的最重要...     

A new CFAR ship target detection method in SAR imagery

Many ship target detection methods have been developed since it was verified that ship could be imaged with the space-based SAR systems. Most developed detection methods mostly emphasized ship detection rate but not computation time. By making use of the advantages of the K-distribution CFAR method and two-parameter CFAR method, a new CFAR ship target detection algorithm was proposed. In that new method, we use the K-distribution CFAR method to calculate a global threshold with a certain false-alarm rate. Then the threshold is applied to the whole SAR imagery to determine the possible ship target pixels, and a binary image is given as the preliminary result. Mathematical morphological filter are used to filter the binary image. After that step, we use the two-parameter CFAR method to detect the ship targets. In the step, the local sliding window only works in the possible ship target pixels of the SAR imagery. That step avoids the statistical calculation of the background pixels, so the method proposed can much improve the processing speed. In order to test the new method, two SAR imagery with different background were used, and the detection result shows that that method can work well in different background circumstances with high detection rate. Moreover, a synchronous ship detection experiment was carried out in Qingdao port in October 28, 2005 to verify the new method and one ENVISAT ASAR imagery was acquired to detect ship targets. It can be concluded from the experiment that the new method not only has high detection rate, but also is time-consuming, and is suitable for the operational ship detection system.     

P-反演半群上的强P-同余的刻画

利用P-反演半群的强P-核正规系刻画其上的强P-同余,证明了P-反演半群的每个强P-同余由它的强P.核正规系唯一确定.     

一类多参数分形插值曲面

通过对一类多参数插值曲面的构造,与传统的迭代函数系相比,具有更大的灵活性.在一定的条件下,证明了这类吸引子是经过给定插值点集的分形插值曲面.     

A model for analyzing the transshipment competition relationship between the port of Hong Kong and the port of Kaohsiung

The transshipment is an important issue in the current marine transportation. This paper constructed a mathematical programming model to elaborate the transshipment port selection for the shipping company. This model is tested by the data collected from the ports of Hong Kong and Kaohsiung. The results show that this model can be used to explain the transshipment competition relationship between the ports of Hong Kong and Kaohsiung well. A sensitivity analysis was also executed. The sensitivity analysis results showed that both the port of Hong Kong and Kaohsiung should decrease the charges of port and increase the efficiency of loading and discharging. Based on the sensitivity analysis results, some interesting conclusions and helpful suggestions were obtained for the managers of the ports of Hong Kong and Kaohsiung to improve their port management.     

论我国海域价格的本质构成

随着我国海域有偿使用制度的推行,海域资源从无偿使用逐步走上有偿使用的轨道,海域资源配置逐渐向市场机制过渡,海域价格评估方法的探讨成为当前海域研究的热点.文章在海域价格形成机制的基础上,从本质上分析得出我国海域价格的构成,对于进一步探讨海域价格的评估方法具有十分重要的意义.     

地图网络数学定义的研究

根据拓扑学中网的数学定义,证明了收敛于xi∈A belong to X的网{xia）和收敛于xi的地图符号qgf（xi）的网{qgf（xi）a）的存在,推导了可表达坐标网、水网、道路网等多种地图网络的数学定义。     

基于最佳阈值形态学方法对机载LiDAR数据进行边缘提取

对机载LiDAR数据的边缘提取方法进行研究。介绍机载LiDAR系统与应用以及机载LiDAR数据处理流程,并运用VC＋＋程序将机载LiDAR数据生成深度影像。将形态学边缘提取方法改进后,运用最佳阈值形态学方法对深度影像进行边缘提取。其中建筑物边缘与Log算子、Candy算子这两种方法相比较,对山脉直接采取此方法进行边缘提取,得出采用最佳阈值形态学方法对边缘提取是有效的,提取的边缘更连续,断点少,有利于判读。     

试论海洋文化行为及其社会学本质

海洋文化行为是人类在海洋社会实践过程中创造海洋物质财产文化和精神财富文化时的动作。依据马斯洛的需求层次理论对海洋文化行为进行分类。并以海洋妈祖信仰和伏季休渔制度为例,剖析其后所隐含的社会学本质。不同阶层海洋文化行为的具体差异,是客观社会分层结构在相关社会领域的后果和影响的具体反映。     

结合形态学和TIN三角网的机载LiDAR点云滤波算法

针对传统不规则三角网滤波精度依赖于初始种子点选取的问题,提出一种结合形态学与不规则三角网的机载LiDAR点云滤波算法。首先采用KD树粗差剔除方法对异常点进行剔除,然后利用数学形态学滤波算法对粗差剔除后的点云进行粗滤波,最后采用改进的不规则三角网滤波算法对上述结果进行精滤波。三角网迭代滤波过程中每次对滤波得到的地面点进行整体构网,减少了构网次数以及离散点之间的相互影响。实验选取国际摄影测量与遥感协会提供的3组测试数据进行滤波,结果表明本文方法能够有效降低I类误差和II类误差,验证本文滤波算法的可靠性。