涟源煤盆地测水组煤系的X射线衍射特征

通过对湘中涟源煤盆地测水组煤及其顶板泥岩的Ｘ射线衍射分析可知,区域岩浆热变质作用是湘中涟源煤盆地测水组煤系变质的主要原因,对测水组煤系化学结构影响较大,动力变质作用仅起局部和次要作用。     

类星体发射线和吸收线的统计分析：Ⅱ.6761颗类星体的统计分析

本文对Hewitt＆Burbidge1993年的表中列出的6761颗类星体作进一步的统计分析．全部类星体发射线范围是从0到4．9．统计分析结果表明,平均而言,吸收物质和类星体本身有联系的占46％,各间隔中差异很大,最多的在间隔zem＝0．2－0．3和3．6－3．7中占100％,最少的在0．7－0．8间隔中为零．纵看各图的分布,zem＝2．0的间隔,有明显的突出性,如类星体发射线红移值和吸收线类星体数都在zem＝2为峰值,各间隔中有吸收线≥3条和≥6条的峰值也在zem＝2等．     

The effects of enriched CO2 and enhanced UV-B radiation on ultra-structure of Dunaliella salina, singly and in combination

The effects of ambient CO2/ambient UV-B, enriched CO2/ambient UV-B, ambient CO2/enhanced UV-B, and enriched CO2/enhanced UV-B on the ultrastructure of Dunaliella salina were investigated. （1） The ultrastructure of D..salina cell in the control experiment showed that the arrangement of thylakoid lamellae was regular, and there were many large starch grains among the thylakoid lamellae. A prominent well-developed pyrenoid was found in the middle of the chloroplast. Nucleus envelope and nucleolus were clearly observed. The Golgi apparatus accompanied by numerous vesicles with a compact arrangement of cisternae and the peripheral tips of the cisternae were swollen to a size comparable to that of some of the associated vesicles. （2） The ultrastructure of D. salina cell in enriched CO2 showed that the arrangement of thylakoid was regular and the lamellae were vivid. Developed pyrenoids were found in the low-CO2-grown cells, but not in the high-CO2-grown cells. The mitochondria cristae were vivid. The arrangement of Golgi apparatus was compact. （3） The ultrastructure of D. salina cell in enhanced UV-B showed that the thylakoid was dissolved and the cells had a less developed pyrenoid or no detectable pyrenoid. Part of the nucleus envelope was dissolved. The number ofmitochondria was increased and some mitochondria cristae were disintegrated. The starch grains were broken apart into many small starch grains. The Golgi apparatus with a loose arrangement ofcistemae and the peripheral tips of the Golgi cistemae were not especially swollen, with several large associated vesicles. （4） The ultrastructure of D. salina cell in the enriched CO2/enhanced UV-B showed that part of the thylakoid and nucleus envelopes of some cells were dissolved. The pyrenoid was larger than that of the enhanced UV-B. There were many mitochondria between stroma and chloroplast membrane, but mitochondria cristae were partly dissolved. Many small starch grains were accumulated in cells. The starch sheath was broken into several discontinuous starch grains with different sizes. The arrangement of Golgi apparatus was loose. Above all, although the enriched CO2 can alleviate the damage induced by the UV-B radiation, the effects of experimental UV-B radiation were larger than the effects of actual UV-B radiation, the damage induced by the UV-B radiation was so severe, therefore, CO2 enrichment could not restore the ultrastructure to the control level.     

X射线衍射分析在西沙群岛琛航岛碳酸盐沉积地质学中的应用

本文在琛航岛碳酸盐沉积物样品Ｘ射线定量分析的基础上，对分析结果做了认真总结，分析和对比，得出了较有价值的规律，为现代生物礁相碳酸盐沉积作用，地层划分提供了有力的数据资料。     

低剂量X射线对海带配子体的刺激效应

电离射线的生物学效应是引起广泛兴趣的一个生物学问题。用X射线或其他电离射线照射生物,不仅会引起生理变异,而且可能影响到遗传物质,引起突变。放射突变可以作为育种材料已是周知的事实。现在电离射线已被广泛用作育种的有效工具之一。电离射线在农业实践中的其他用途,例如是否可以利用低剂量电离射线来促进生物,特别是作物的生长发育,则还是争论的问题。有人认为用低剂量电离射线照射某些作物的种子有促进生长的效应。有人则持相反的意见,认为电离射线伤害相胞,使细胞胀大,不能真正促进生长。 1959年我们曾用各种剂量（低剂量和高剂量）的X射线照射海带配子体,发现低剂量X射线有促进生长发育的效应,高剂量则严重地抑制生长发育。对海带幼孢子体,低剂量X射线则没有相似明显的生物学效应。 为了验证我们的观察结果,1961年我们又进行了两个实验。第一个实验在实验室里进行,原则上是重复1959年的实验。但这次我们仅重复低剂量X 射线的实验,目的在验证低剂量X射线的良好生物学效应。高剂量X射线的有害作用是大家承认的事实,我们认为不必重复进行。 第二个实验是生产性实验,在海上进行。这是选用第一个实验中的一小部分材料,养殖在海里,看它们的生长发育情况。目的在探明低剂量X射线是否能提高海带的产量,是否在生产实践上有应用的前途。     

复杂地形条件的地表面积计算软件开发

针对现有地表面积计算软件在计算复杂地形时操作异常繁琐,且所生成三角网为单边界三角网这一问题,开发了一种新的地表面积计算软件。采用C#语言,利用数字地图,按照三角网建立地面模式,通过三角网内高程内插、点坐标集判断和分类等方式,完成待测区域内地表的并行分块与三角网的重建,实现复杂地形条件下的多边界三角网的生成和地表面积的一体化计算,并将区域内各个三角形的编号和面积直接显示于计算机屏幕上。实验结果表明:该软件使用直观方便,操作简单,精度可靠,适用范围广,可以有效地减少计算复杂地形地表面积时的操作步骤,降低工作强度,并能输出面积计算结果的各种信息。     

附加辅助层析区域提高射线利用率的水汽反演方法

在已有的全球导航卫星系统水汽反演技术中,能够利用的观测值是完整穿过整个层析区域的卫星射线。由于卫星、接收机几何位置分布以及层析区域选择的特定性,许多卫星射线是从层析区域侧面穿出,这些射线通常当作无效信息被剔除,降低了层析结果的精度。针对该缺点,提出并实现了一种附加辅助层析区域提高射线利用率的水汽反演方法,使从研究区域侧面穿出的信号信息也可以被利用。基于美国得克萨斯州（Texas）地区的连续运行参考站（Continuously Operation Reference Stations,CORS）网的实测数据,结合层析区域内的无线电探空仪数据进行实验,结果表明,该方法能够提高水汽反演结果的精度,其均方根误差的改善率为14.6%。