ZTY-1型海床基水下系统状态监测仪的研制

随着海洋经济的发展和近海生产活动的急增 ,我国近海约１／３海域均受到污染 ,特别是河口、海湾和近岸海区污染更加严重 ,需要对这些海区的海洋环境参数进行长期、同步、自动监测 ;在海洋军事上 ,准确、可靠的海洋环境数据是必不可少的战略服务资料 ,将大大提高海上作战能力。因此 ,国家８６３计划海洋监测技术 (８１８)主题的近海环境自动监测技术的课题中 ,列有海床基海洋环境自动监测系统的研究项目。该监测系统是置于水深大约５０ｍ的海底边界面上 ,用于监测海洋环境要素的装置。通过本课题的实施 ,将使我国的海洋环境立体自动监测技术…     

SYF1-1型海洋金属防腐装置

SYFl—1型海洋金属防腐装置是一种用于潮汐发电设备、海洋石油平台、输送海水管道、船舶等海洋金属防腐的装置。文中对该装置的工作原理、组成、主要技术性能、特点以及实现方法作了概要描述。     

关于我国海洋可再生能源产业化发展的思考

为推动我国海洋可再生能源产业发展,文章论述国内和国际海洋可再生能源开发利用在资源量、政策和技术等方面的发展现状,分析我国现阶段发展海洋可再生能源存在的主要问题,并提出未来我国海洋可再生能源产业化在顶层规划、关键核心技术、公共服务平台和标准体系建设、技术示范应用、成果转化以及国际合作等方面的发展建议,从而促进我国生态文明和海洋强国建设。     

Analytical method of radiation by a wave energy device with dual rectangular floating bodies

The system with one floating rectangular body on the free surface and one submerged rectangular body has been applied to a wave energy conversion device in water of finite depth. The radiation problem by this device on a plane incident wave is solved by the use of an eigenfunction expansion method, and a new analytical expression for the radiation velocity potential is obtained. The wave excitation force is calculated via the known incident wave potential and the radiation potential with a theorem of Haskind employed. To verify the correctness of this method, an example is computed respectively through the bound element method and analytical method. Results show that two numerical methods. are in good agreement, which shows that the present method is applicable. In addition, the trends of hydrodynamic coefficients and wave force are analyzed under different conditions by use of the present analytical method.     

螺旋列板——深水立管涡激振动抑制装置

立管是海洋油气开采中必不可少的组成部分,它承担着流体输送和钻探的重要功能。深水立管在来流作用下容易产生涡激振动,涡激振动是造成立管疲劳破坏的主要原因之一,它会加速立管的疲劳破坏,因此需要采取适当的措施抑制深水立管涡激振动。海洋工程中涡激振动的削弱方法多是在立管外侧添加抑制装置,螺旋列板作为一种广泛应用的深水立管涡激振动抑制装置,在墨西哥湾、北海、西非等深水项目中有多年的应用。文中介绍了螺旋列板的设计、加工制作及安装方法,着重阐述了列板形状尺寸、海洋生物、包覆比例等对其抑制效率的影响,最后对螺旋列板的未来发展方向进行了展望。     

新型沉箱防波堤兼作岸式OWC波能装置的设计及稳定性研究

防波堤与岸式OWC波能装置一直是被独立研究,从未产生交叉,但二者设施布置的条件显然具有关联性。本文根据二者关联的特点,设计出沉箱防波堤兼作岸式OWC波能装置,并通过物理模型试验验证了其可行性。     

塔里木盆地东北缘一次强对流天气过程中的阵风锋特征研究

利用地面自动站逐小时观测、多普勒天气雷达及WRF模式高分辨率数值模拟,分析2016年7月塔里木盆地东北缘一次强对流天气过程中的阵风锋特征。结果表明,阵风锋前沿较强的辐合抬升运动不断触发多个对流单体,其中大部分单体与其后方的对流系统合并且进一步发展,使得强对流天气不断发展和维持。在对流系统快速发展阶段,阵风锋前沿水平风的垂直切变造成湿位涡的斜压分量显著增强,从而增强局地的条件对称不稳定,为对流系统的发展和维持提供了重要的不稳定能量。不稳定能量释放需要的锋生强迫作用主要是由阵风锋前方的辐合辐散项和倾斜项决定,而阵风锋前沿附近的水平形变项及其上方的非绝热加热项提供相对较弱的贡献。     

Loss of energy dissipation capacity from the deadzone in linear and nonlinear viscous damping devices

In a viscous damping device under cyclic loading, after the piston reaches a peak stroke, the reserve movement that follows may sometimes experience a short period of delayed or significantly reduced device force output. A similar delay or reduced device force output may also occur at the damper’s initial stroke as it moves away from its neutral position. This phenomenon is referred to as the effect of “deadzone”. The deadzone can cause a loss of energy dissipation capacity and less efficient vibration control. It is prominent in small amplitude vibrations. Although there are many potential causes of deadzone such as environmental factors, construction, material aging, and manufacture quality, in this paper, its general effect in linear and nonlinear viscous damping devices is analyzed. Based on classical dynamics and damping theory, a simple model is developed to capture the effect of deadzone in terms of the loss of energy dissipation capacity. The model provides several methods to estimate the loss of energy dissipation within the deadzone in linear and sublinear viscous fluid dampers. An empirical equation of loss of energy dissipation capacity versus deadzone size is formulated, and the equivalent reduction of effective damping in SDOF systems has been obtained. A laboratory experimental evaluation is carried out to verify the effect of deadzone and its numerical approximation. Based on the analysis, a modification is suggested to the corresponding formulas in FEMA 356 for calculation of equivalent damping if a deadzone is to be considered.     

Estimation of peak relative velocity and peak absolute acceleration of linear SDOF systems

In the seismic analysis and design of structures, the true velocity and absolute acceleration are usually approximated by their corresponding pseudo-values. This approach is simple and works well for structures with small damping (say, less than 15%). When the damping of a structure is enhanced for the purpose of response reduction, it may result in large analysis and design errors. Based on theory of random vibration and the established mechanism of seismic response spectra analysis, a method is developed (1) to predict the relative velocity spectra with any damping ratio level directly from the 5% standard pseudo-acceleration spectrum; and (2) to estimate the peak absolute acceleration. The accuracy of both is validated by using two selected ensembles of ground motion records.     

海原断裂干盐池拉分盆地中央断层的形成机制探讨

拉分盆地内部的"对角线式中央断层",不仅在拉分盆地的消亡过程中发挥着重要作用,还对大地震的发生具有重要控制作用,研究其形成演化具有重要的意义.然而,与拉分盆地相比,专门针对中央断层的研究较少,制约了人们对拉分盆地乃至走滑断裂带构造演化过程的理解.文中以海原断裂带中段的干盐池拉分盆地为例,对盆地内的中央断层开展了地质地貌...