陕西蓝田地区新第三纪地层划分的几点讨论

蓝田地区灞河组和蓝田组的时代归属是我国三趾马动物群分期的关键问题之一。通过与府谷老高川三趾马动物群的对比及古地磁测定，该区新第三纪地层可分为上新统静乐组（原蓝田组上部）、蓝田组（原蓝田组下部）和灞河组．蓝田组的地质时代可归保德期庙梁亚期，地质年龄约为距今５．３—５．０Ｍａ期间．灞河组的地质时代可与喇嘛沟动物群的对比，为保德早期或稍早．     

P,SH和SV速度层析所得应力分布图像的比较

地震方法可用来减少地下煤矿中意外地质或应力异常所引起代价昂贵的停工和损害。应用速度层析成像方法可描绘出一个采煤盘区内部的应力分布，因为速度通常随应力的增加而增加。本文描述一项由美国矿山局科研人员完成的研究项目，它通过压缩波（Ｐ）、垂向剪切波（ＳＶ）和水平剪切波（ＳＨ）旅行时层析获得了一个地下长壁开采煤矿部分地段的应力分布图像。横跨一个２１５ｍ宽的盘区完成了两次勘测。第一次是在工作面距测区２５ｍ时，     

由位场异常高分辨率探测地质界线：增强解析信号技术

研究了一种高辨率技术，用于对接触带和断层之类地质界线成像，通过追踪由两个水平梯度的ｎ阶垂向导数值的一个垂直梯度组成的增强解析信号极大振幅，可以确定地质界线的轮廓。     

在水库的过水通道中用GPR探测岩石和混凝土界面围岩破碎带

应意大利国家电力部的要求，ＩＤＲＯＧＥＯ公司完成了在一旧水库１４ｋｍ通道中的地质雷达测量，它是位于意大利东北的一个水电站，主要测通道周围的围岩地质结构和洞穴，及对水和流通循环有影响的破碎带。     

用快速仿真退火进行走时层析成像

本文主要介绍一种与射线追踪无关的走时成像方法，使用一种非线性最优化算法，称为非常快速的仿真退火。利用立方Ｂ样条对地下地质体进行参数化，此网格在水平和垂直坐标是可变化的，这个灵活的网格可以容 等复杂程度的构造，并只用几个节点，我们试图求观测与预测走时之间的均言差进行极小化。时使用有限差分算法，不仅在样条节点位置上求速度，而且还求在每个维方向上的网格间距，由于在计算期间避免了局部极小，求出的解与初始模     

推进我国区域化探发展的一些建议

推进我国区域化探发展的一些建议施俊法，肖桂义（中国地质矿产信息研究院，北京１０００３７）（中国地质勘查技术院，北京１０００８３）自１９７９年我国实施区域化探全国扫面计划以来，已覆盖了４６８ｋｍ’的面积，获得了高质量的地球化学数据。面对寻找大型超大型矿...     

地质雷达及其在环境地质中的应用

本文结合近几年联邦德国在环境地质方面的研究工作对地质雷达在环境工程领域中的应用范围及其局限性作了简要总结,文中并介绍了地质雷达技术的方法原理及存在问题。     

黄铁矿表面及其与Au（HS）2^—溶液作用的STM研究

本文用ＳＴＭ研究了黄铁矿和方铅矿表面的原子结构、纳米级微形貌、电子态分布及其吸附态的特点。ＳＴＭ电流图象揭示了表面缺陷与表面电子态之间的对应关系，硫化和的表面的化学反应活性可能是表现缺陷引起的局域导电性增强有关。ＳＴＭ观察进一步表明黄铁矿和方铅矿对金的硫氢配合物的吸附作用优先发生于扭折位和台阶边缘等高能部位，反映出吸附态的分布也是与表面电子态分布相对应的。这样就从微观领域考证了硫化物表面对化学活性     

High Pressure-Differential Thermal Analysis and Ultrasonic Wave Amplitude Analysis of Ice-Water Equilibrium at 1.5-5.0GPa

Water is the most active component in all geological systems.It has an important effect on the physical properties of minerals and melts.It also plays a key role in the evolution of the Earth.Accurate thermodynamics data on water are currently confined to pressures below 1.0GPa and temperatures below 900℃.Presented in this paper are new data available on the P-T properties of water at pressures up to 5.0GPa,develoged from differential thermal analysis and ultrasonic wave amplitude analysis.It has been found that there may exist another ternary point at 3.0GPa and that ultrasonic wave amplitude change of ice-water transition shows two inflection points above 2.0GPa, consistent with the two peaks of differential thermal curves above 2.0GPa .It may be a new phenomenon which needs further study.     

A Study on the Geological—Geochemical Dynamics of Hydrothermal Ore Deposition as Exemplified by the Muping—Rushan Gold Deposit Belt,Eastern Shandong,China

This paper presents a method of establishing a hydrothermal ore-forming reaction system.On the basis of the study of four typical hydrothermal deposits,the following conclusions concerning geochemical dynamic controlling during hydrothermal mineralization have been sions concerning geochemical dynaamic controlling during hydrothermal mineralization have been drawn:(1)The regional tectonic activities control the concentration and dispersion of elements in the ore-forming process in terms of their effects on the thermodynamic nature and conditions of the ore-forming reaction system.(2)During hydrothermal mineralization the activites of ore-bearing faults can be divideb into two stages:the brittle splitting stage and the brittle-tough tensing stage,which would create characteristically different geodynamic conditions for the geochemical thermodynamic ore-forming system.(3)The hydrothermal ore-forming reaaction system is an open dynamic system.At the brittle splitting stage the system was so strongly supersaturated and unequilibrated as to speed up and enhance the crystallization and differentiation of ore-forming fluids.And at the brittle-tough tensing stage,the ore-forming system was in a weak supersaturated state;with decreasing temperature and pressure the crystallization of oreforming material would show down,and it can be regarded as an equilibrated state.(4)In the lates stages of hydrothermal evolution,gold would be concentrated in the residual ore-forming solution.The pulsating fracture activite in this stage led to the crush of pyrite ore and it was then filled with gold-enriched solution,forming high-grage“fissure”gold ore.This ore-forming process could be called the coupling mechanism of ore formation.