渤海莱州湾地区晚更新世以来有孔虫特征反映的古环境变化

Controlled by climate changes, there were three large-scale transgressions and regressions around the Bohai Sea during the late Quaternary, which were accepted by most geologists. However, a big controversy still exists about the time when the transgressions occurred separately. In order to find out the process of the paleoenvironmental changes around the Bohai Sea in the late Quaternary, the foraminifera assemblages from a new borehole Lz908 in the southern coast of the Laizhou Bay were studied, and then the transgressive strata were indentified. Combined with accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon 14C（AMS14C） and optically stimulated luminescence（OSL） ages, the occurrence time of these transgressions were re-determined. The result showed that three major large-scale transgressions occurred separately at the beginning of marine isotopic stage 7（MIS7）, the last interglacial period（MIS5） and the Holocene. In addition, a small-scale transgression occurred in the mid-MIS6, and the corresponding transgressive stratum was deposited. The transgressive deposition of MIS3 was also discovered in this study. However, the characteristics of the foraminifera indicated the environment during this period was colder than that in the MIS5. By comparison with the global sea-level changes, the paleoenvironmental changes around the Bohai Sea in the late Quaternary can be consistent with the global climate changes.     

Progress in Studies of the Precipitation Diurnal Variation over Contiguous China

This paper summarizes the recent progress in studies of the diurnal variation of precipitation over con- tiguous China. The main results are as follows. （1） The rainfall diurnal variation over contiguous China presents distinct regional features. In summer, precipitation peaks in the late afternoon over the south- ern inland China and northeastern China, while it peaks around midnight over southwestern China. In the upper and middle reaches of Yangtze River valley, precipitation occurs mostly in the early morning. Summer precipitation over the central eastern China （most regions of the Tibetan Plateau） has two diurnal peaks, i.e., one in the early morning （midnight） and the other in the late afternoon. （2） The rainfall diurnal variation experiences obvious seasonal and sub-seasonal evolutions. In cold seasons, the regional contrast of rainfall diurnal peaks decreases, with an early morning maximum over most of the southern China. Over the central eastern China, diurnal monsoon rainfall shows sub-seasonal variations with the movement of summer monsoon systems. The rainfall peak mainly occurs in the early morning （late afternoon） during the active （break） monsoon period. （3） Cloud properties and occurrence time of rainfall diurnal peaks are different for long- and short-duration rainfall events. Long-duration rainfall events are dominated by strat- iform precipitation, with the maximum surface rain rate and the highest profile occurring in the late night to early morning, while short-duration rainfall events are more related to convective precipitation, with the maximum surface rain rate and the highest profile occurring between the late afternoon and early night. （4） The rainfall diurnal variation is influenced by multi-scale mountain-valley and land-sea breezes as well as large-scale atmospheric circulation, and involves complicated formation and evolution of cloud and rainfall systems. The diurnal cycle of winds in the lower troposphere also contributes to the regional differences     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定砷等元素分析探讨

本文分析探讨氢化物发生—原子荧光光谱法测定土壤中低质量浓度的砷、锑、铋的方法实验。     

基于混合逻辑动态的卫星监测调度方法

提出一种解决卫星监测调度的优化算法,将卫星监测调度问题描述为一个混合逻辑动态优化问题。将所研究的监测调度问题分为单卫星监测及多卫星协同监测的情形。在单卫星监测情形中,将卫星监测多个区域的过程描述为一个事件触发的过程,提出区域不确定度的概念来描述地面区域未被监测的时间。通过混合逻辑动态优化方法,求得使所有区域不确定度最小的多区域监测序列。在多卫星协同监测情形中,将多卫星在任务区域内的协同监测过程描述为多个不同步的事件触发过程,引入协同机制,避免了星间的决策冲突,通过混合逻辑动态优化方法,实现任务区域的高效率监测。仿真结果说明了通过本文提出的卫星监测调度方法可以保证任务区域内每个子区域被监测的时间间隔尽可能小,同时保证事故多发区域被监测的频率更高。     

浅议赤潮

海洋是一种生物与环境、生物与生物之间相互依存，相互制约的复杂生态系统。系统中的物质循环、能量流动都是相对稳定，动态平衡的。当赤潮发生时这种平衡遭到干扰和破坏。在植物性赤潮发生初期，由于植物的光合作用。水体会出现高叶绿素a、高溶解氧、高化学耗氧量。赤潮造成的环境改变，使一些海洋生物不能正常生长，导致一些生物逃避甚至死亡，破坏了原有的生态平衡。     

针对应急救援的强余震特征统计

大地震后强余震活跃,震后快速判断最大余震震级和强余震发生可能性对提高应急救援效率有重大意义。针对震后应急救援,本文根据救援存活率将震后救援期分为8个时段:震后12 h、震后24 h、震后48 h、震后72 h、震后96 h、震后120 h、震后144 h和震后168 h。对我国大陆地区1966年以来6级及以上地震强余震资料进行分时段统计,分别拟合出8个时段的最大余震震级和主震震级的经验公式;并提出震后强余震发生可能性的经验判断方法,通过本文提出的可能性指数a,依据主震震级,震后可以快速判定强余震发生的可能性。     

恐怖台风狂暴“尤特”——历史记下的2001年台风2．3．4

最近，号称“飞燕”、“榴莲”和“尤特”的三股台风频频光顾我国福建、广东、广西沿海地区。其所到之处，横行无忌，暴戾乖张，给当地造成巨大财产损失和人员伤亡。各种传媒不断发出惊呼人们惊恐之余发问：     

《物种起源》的起源

查尔斯·达尔文的《物种起源》一书，全名是《物竞天择，适者生存之物种起源论》，出版于1859年11月24日。这是一本科学著作当中的经典，被看作是进化生物学的奠基之作。在1872年出版第6版的时候，书名被简化为《物种起源》。达尔文通过这本著作介绍了生物种群经过一个漫长的自然选择过程而发生世代演化的理论，并在书中列举出了生命以分支进化和种系遗传的形式产生分异的大量例证，