新地球观

One of the most important achivements on science in 20th century is the new recognition on the Earth:the Earth,out of the other planets, exhibits very peculiar features because it has an extremely complex and active periphery part (surfacial layers). This periphery part is an open system sustained by inputting solar energe , which is captured , transfered and stored by life. Through the system , cyclings of matters and energe flow are driven and regulated by life activities. This system is self-equilibrated,self-controlled and far away from astrophysical and thermodynamic equilibria mainly because of life and life activities.
Development of human calture influences increasingly on流Earth's periphery system , at last , the natural biosphere that has existed for 3 billion years on the Earth's surface will inavoidably be replaced by so called "noosphere",which is man一reconstructed,man-controlled and unstable system. Thus the fate of the Earth,to a great extent,will be determined by the direction of human calture evolution.
     

“江苏国土生态地球化学调查”项目分析测试成果验收获优秀

2005年12月23日~24日,中国地质调查局分析质量检查组对江苏省地质调查研究院测试所承担的“江苏国土生态地球化学调查”多元素分析测试工作进行了最终成果评审和评级验收。检查组听取了情况汇报,了解了数据的使用情况,随后逐一审阅了54项分析指标的地球化学图,同时对外部标准控制样的各项质量参数进行了统计分析,并查阅了分析测试的原始记录。检查组认为,“江苏国土生态地球化学调查”项目土壤样品多元素分析工作的各项指标均达到或优于规范要求,地球化学图图面效果好,元素空间分布规律与地质背景特征和生态环境特征相吻合,分析数据准确、可…     

Improved reliability in the interpretation of geochemical measurements by the quantification of uncertainty from sampling

All geochemical measurements require the taking of field samples, but the uncertainty that this process causes is often ignored when assessing the reliability of the interpretation, of the geochemistry or the health implications. Recently devised methods for the estimation, optimisation and reduction of this uncertainty have been evaluated by their application to the investigation of contaminated land. Uncertainty of measurement caused by primary sampling has been estimated for a range of six different contaminated land site investigations, using an increasingly recognized procedure. These site investigations were selected to reflect a wide range of different sizes, contaminants （organic and metals）, previous land uses （e.g. tin mining, railway sidings and gas works）, intended future use （housing to nature reserves） and routinely applied sampling methods. The results showed that the uncertainty on measurements was substantial, ranging from 25% to 186% of the concentration values at the different sites. Sampling was identified as the dominant source of the uncertainty （〉70% of measurement uncertainty） in most cases. The fitness-for-purpose of the measurements was judged using the optimized contaminated land investigation （OCLI） method. This identifies the optimal level of uncertainty that reduces to overall financial loss caused by the measurement procedures and the misclassification of the contamination, caused by the uncertainty. Generally the uncertainty of the actual measurements made in these different site investigations was found to be sub-optimal, and too large by a factor of approximately two. The uncertainty is usually limited by the sampling, but this can be reduced by increasing the sample mass by a factor of 4 （predicted by sampling theory）. It is concluded that knowing the value of the uncertainty enables the interpretation to be made more reliable, and that sampling is the main factor limiting most investigations. This new approach quantifies this problem for the first time, and allows sampling procedures to be critically evaluated, and modified, to improve the reliability of the geochemical assessment.     

关于高中地理入门学习的几点建议

俗话说：“万事开头难”。对于初学高中地理的学生来说，难就难在开头，即“行星地球”和“地球上的大气”两章。笔在多年的教学实践中发现，从高中地理的学习开始，往往形成“两极分化”的格局，一极是部分“开头”开得好的学生，领悟到了学习高中地理的方法和技能，以后的学习可以说“一路顺风”，成绩保持得很好；而另一极则是部分学生在开头就被迎头一棒，进而丧失了学习地理的信心和兴趣。如何帮助学生开好这个头，让学生迈过“门槛”，激发学习地理的兴趣，笔认为必须注重培养学生五个方面的学习能力。     

地球热带范围在扩张

美国科学家在最新一期《科学》杂志上发表论称，地球的热带地区自1979年以来不断扩大。     

2006年地球空间信息技术产业化发展研讨会简介

2006年地球空间信息技术产业化发展研讨会于2006年10月10日在北京国际会议中心隆重召开,本次会议由国家遥感应用协会主办、北京东方泰坦科技有限公司承办。会议邀请了国务院信息办、国家科技部、国土资源部、农业部、水利部、交通部、国防科工委、国家统计局、中国地理信息系统     

地球物理方法在中国油气资源战略选区中应用的可能性——以藏北羌塘盆地为例

简要回顾了地球物理方法技术在国内几个油田发现过程中的作用.针对中国油气资源战略选区中普遍存在的方法技术问题,以羌塘盆地为例,进行了较为全面深入的剖析.通过对已有资料和成果的分析,认为羌塘盆地实现战略发现的时机已经成熟.而要实现战略发现,目前亟待解决的问题是打参数井、圈定局部构造和寻找合适的方法技术.鉴于羌塘盆地特殊的自然环境和地质条件,提出了高精度大地电磁法、自然电场法、特殊条件下的地震勘探、井地联合地震勘探等关键技术.具体的工作部署痧是:查明有利区带中最有利的局部构造和构造部位,在最有利的构造部位实施参数井钻探,围绕参数井开展地质、地球物理勘探与综合研究.这些技术和方法的应用有望使羌塘盆地的油气勘探工作迈上新台阶.     

高分辨率格网空间重力异常的精密确定

介绍高分辨率格网空间重力异常精密确定的方法,并利用深圳及周边地区5 213个高精度实测重力值、高分辨率数字地形模型和WDM94地球重力场模型,采用移去-恢复技术和加权平均法计算深圳市1 km和2 km分辨率的格网空间重力异常.计算结果表明:该地区1 km和2 km分辨率的格网空间重力异常的精度分别为±1.560 mGal和±4.442 mGal.1 km分辨率的格网空间重力异常成果已应用于该地区似大地水准面的精化,产生了较大的经济效益和社会效益.     

英仙座流星雨爆发

由于英仙座（Perseids）的母体彗星斯威夫特-塔特尔（Swift-Tuttle）回归到近日点，2005年8月13日凌晨1时-3时，随着地球恰好穿越斯威夫特-塔特尔彗星后方的浓密尘埃带的最密集部分，大量彗星残片与大气层剧烈摩擦而燃烧发光，形成壮观的流星雨现象，由于流星是从英仙座方向辐射迸出，故名“英仙座流星雨”。     

黑龙江省中部森林沼泽区 超低密度深穿透地球化学调查采样介质的确定

通过对王水溶矿法与四酸溶矿法的对比,元素在泛滥平原A层、B层沉积物及水系沉积物中的分配,以及这3种介质圈定的异常对比等综合因素的研究,确定了泛滥平原A层沉积物是黑龙江省中部森林沼泽区开展超低密度深穿透地球化学调查的有效采样介质。