Identification of CO2 disposal locations in an ocean general circulation model of the North Pacific

A basinwide ocean general circulation model of the North Pacific is used to identify which location is more efficient for ocean CO2 sequestration in the North Pacific. Four injection depths at each one of fifteen locations are chosen. In terms of effectiveness index (EI) and escape factor (EF), it is clear that the effectiveness increases with increasing latitude at the end of the 50 a injection period. Sitebysite differences in the EI can be over 9% for the 1 000 m injection depth in the western North Pacific at the end of 50 a of continuous injection. The difference is much larger for the 500 m injection. The difference decreases with increasing injection depth. However, the sitebysite difference is small for the injection in the eastern North Pacific. The sequestration is more efficient for the injection in the east than in the west. For the 500 m injection depth, the difference in effectiveness between the west and the east is over 10% at the end of 50 a injection period. The largest concentration of sequestered CO2 increases with increasing injection depth. For the injection in both the western and central North Pacific, the largest exchange flux always appears to be at about 42°N, 150°E, whereas for the injection in the eastern area the large flux appears to be in the equatorial region (120°W).     

Landslide hazard zonation mapping and comparative analysis of hazard zonation maps

Landslide hazard zonation mapping at regional level of a large area provides a broad trend of landslide potential zones. A macro level landslide hazard zonation for a small area may provide a better insight into the landslide hazards. The main objective of the present work was to carry out macro landslide hazard zonation mapping on 1：50,000 scale in an area where regional level zonation mapping was conducted earlier. In the previous work the regional landslide hazard zonation maps of Srinagar- Rudraprayag area of Garhwal Himalaya in the state of Uttarakhand were prepared using subjective and objective approaches. In the present work the landslide hazard zonation mapping at macro level was carried out in a small area using a Landslide Hazard Evaluation Factor rating scheme. The hazard zonation map produced by using this technique classifies the area into relative hazard classes in which the high hazard zones well correspond with high frequency of landslides. The results of this map when compared with the regional zonation maps prepared earlier show that application of the present technique identified more details of the hazard zones, which are broadly shown in the earlier zonation maps.     

老年卒中相关性肺炎并发多重耐药菌感染危险因素的Meta分析

目的：通过Meta分析明确老年卒中相关性肺炎（SAP）患者并发多重耐药菌(MDR)感染的危险因素。方法：检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of science、中国知网（CNKI）、中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）、万方数据（WANFANG DATA）、维普中文科技期刊数据库（VIP）中有关老年SAP并发MDR感染危险因素的文献,检索时限均从建库至2020年6月,对纳入文献进行质量评价,运用Rev Man 5.3进行Meta分析。结果：共纳入16篇文献,涉及老年SAP患者3466 例,其中MDR感染患者1403 例,未感染患者2063 例。Meta分析结果显示：意识状态［OR=0.30,95%CI（0.25,0.36）,P<0.00001］、SAP类型（早发型、晚发型）［OR=0.30,95%CI（0.23,0.39）,P<0.00001］、入住病房类型（ICU、普通病房）［OR=3.23,95%CI（2.50,4.18）,P<0.00001］、留置胃管［OR=2.66,95%CI（2.19,3.24）,P<0.00001］、预防性使用抗生素［OR=3.24,95%CI（2.60,4.04）,P<0.00001］、人工气道［OR=2.89,95%CI（2.01,4.17）,P<0.00001］、糖尿病史［OR=1.84,95%CI（1.37,2.46）,P<0.0001］、吞咽功能［OR=1.58,95%CI（1.07,2.35）,P=0.02］、吸烟史［OR=1.26,95%CI（1.02,1.56）,P=0.03］是老年SAP患者并发MDR感染的危险因素（P<0.05）;患者性别、年龄与MDR感染无显著相关性;尚不能确定卒中类型(脑出血、脑梗死)与MDR的感染是否相关。敏感性分析提示Meta分析结果稳定。结论：基于现有证据,意识障碍、晚发型肺炎、入住ICU、留置胃管、预防性使用抗生素、气管插管/切开、糖尿病史、吞咽障碍、吸烟是老年SAP并发MDR的危险因素。     

闸坡站风暴潮增水与热带气旋登陆点及路径的关系

将1992～2006年15a间影响和登陆闸坡站的热带气旋按照登陆点和移动路径进行分类．研究各类热带气旋在闸坡站引起的风暴潮增水峰值的出现时间与热带气旋登陆点及移动路径的关系,定性分析热带气旋风场结构对风暴潮增水的影响并经过2007年至今风暴潮增水预报过程中的实例检验．结果表明：闸坡站的增水类型与热带气旋的登陆地点和路径关系密切．在闸坡站登陆的东北行热带气旋引起的风暴潮增水多出现在登陆前,其他路径则出现在登陆时或登陆后;在闸坡以西登陆的热带气旋引起的风暴潮增水峰值一般发生在登陆时或登陆后1h以内;在闸坡站以东登陆的热带气旋引起的风暴潮增水峰值一般发生在登陆前10h以上;而其他类型的热带气旋引起的风暴潮增水由于个例较少规律尚不明显．     

南水北调西线工程泥石流灾害及危险区划

南水北调西线工程是拟议中的国家重大建设工程,通过"五坝七洞一渠"共计260km的引水线路,引长江上游雅砻江和大渡河水入黄河。泥石流在工程区多有分布,现已查明,工程区共有不同危险度等级的泥石流沟103条。泥石流危险区划结果表明,研究区内没有泥石流极高危险区;泥石流高度危险区总面积为73km2,主要集中分布在杜柯河流域,达曲和泥曲流域有零星分布;泥石流中度危险区总面积114·75km2,各流域均有分布,其中杜柯河和达曲流域分布较多;泥石流低度危险区是分布最广的区域,总面积156·75km2,各流域均有分布,以杜柯河流域分布略多。研究表明,用单沟泥石流危险度值作为综合指标,以具有不同泥石流危险度等级的泥石流沟流域面积作为权重的加权平均方法,采用网格作为泥石流危险区划的基本单元,能够直接而真实地获得泥石流危险区划的成果。用本文提出的方法进行地质灾害的危险区划,无疑比用间接方法和替代指标得出的危险区划结果具有更高的可靠性。     

天气太热,珊瑚危险!

<正>在医学上,CT是一种经常被用到的技术。CT即计算机体层摄影,扫描仪利用X线对人体某一范围进行逐层的横断扫描,取得信息,然后再经由计算机处理后获得重建的图像。所获的图像为人体的横断解剖图,最终可通过计算机处理得到三维的重建图像。     

新疆塔城地区地震地质特征

托里活断层、达尔布特活断层、独山子—安集海活断层及霍尔果斯—卡子湾活断层是塔城地区主要的全新世活断层，均有过多次古地震活动。自１９７７年以来，４级以上地震活动的空区在裕民县西北。据活断层古地震活动复现期及地震活动围空特点分析，今后１０年北天山或塔城西北可能有发生６级左右地震的危险。     

公路雪崩危险指标与雪崩灾害评价：以伊（犁）焉（嗜）公路巩乃斯沟口至艾肯山？

雪崩危险指标是评价雪崩对公路危害程度的主要依据之一。利用已有资料对伊焉公路巩乃斯沟口至艾肯山隘段的雪崩危险指标进行了分段计算，结果表明，该路段雪崩危险指标在０．０２２－２．６８５范围内，与国外资料相比，属于小量级，其主要原因是车（人）流量小。同时，利用上述计算结果并结合该路段的雪崩危害史，进行了雪崩灾害评价，评价结果反映在该路段灾害程度划分图上。     

地震危险区划中的数值模型

本文讨论了地震危险区划中的数值模型,并把目前比较成功的几个岩石破坏的数值准则应用于地震危险性的估计,通过怀来—张家口地区和鄂尔多斯周缘断层带应力场的计算和地震危险性的评价,说明数值方法可以作为地震危险区划工作和探索地震预报的一个新手段。