"增长三角"的形成发展机制探讨

“增长三角”作为一种新的经济地域类型,正随着世界经济全球化、区域化的不断发展而蓬勃发展,这种现象已经引起了国内外学者的注意,并形成了较为丰富的理论,但是关于“增长三角”形成发展机制的研究还很薄弱,急待加强。本文通过剖析印度尼西亚——马来西亚——新加坡“增长三角”、图们江地区、珠——港——澳次区域合作区、澜沧江—湄公河次区域、上莱茵边境区五个典型的“增长三角”,对“增长三角”的形成发展机制进行了尝试性总结,以期为我国利用“增长三角”的发展模式开发我国的边境地区提供有益的启示。     

国际岩土工程灾害防御与修复国际会议将在新加坡举行

国际岩土工程灾害防御与修复国际会议将于2005年12月12-13日在新加坡举行。大会由国际岩土灾害防御与修复委员会与澳大利亚、中国、印度、印度尼西亚、日本、南朝鲜、斯里兰卡、     

A Preliminary Analysis of Seismotectonics for the Indonesia MS. 7 Earthquake on December 26,2004

The Indonesian region is one of the most seismically active zones on the earth. On December 26, 2004, an Ms 8.7 earthquake （as measured by the China Seismograph Network, or Mw = 9.3 as measured by USGS） struck the west coast of northern Sumatra, Indonesia. By its magnitude it is classified as the world＇s fourth largest earthquake since 1900 and the largest one since the 1964 Alaska earthquake. The spatial distribution of the relocation of larger aftershocks （ M 〉 4.5） following the main shock suggests a length and width of the rupture of about 1200km and 200km, respectively. The shock triggered massive tsunamis that affected several countries throughout South and Southeast Asia. It is a shallow interplate event of thrust type in the trench. Its epicenter is located at the northwestern end of the Indonesia-Melanesia plate boundary tectonic zone. In 2004, eight shocks of M≥ 7.0 occurred in this area, showing a migration from east to west. It implies that these shocks represent a correlated and consistent dynamic process along this subduction zone. These interplate events are associated with convergence of several plates and their fast motion in this region, which result in strong and complex structures and deformation. The India-Australia plate is underthrusting toward the Sunda continental block or Burma plate at a low angle, producing a great locked area on the shallow portion of the subduction zone where enormous strain is accumulated. Interseismic uplift recorded by coral growth and horizontal velocities measured by GPS show the geometry of the locked portion of the Sumatra subduction zone. The vertical and horizontal data reasonably match with a model in which the plate interface is fully locked over a significant width. This locked fault zone extends to a horizontal distance of 132km from the trench, which corresponds to a depth of 50km. The sudden ruptures and large-scale slip of this locked area as a release of stress occurred, are the direct cause of the M8.7 earthquake near Indonesia in 2004.     

印度尼西亚SATUI一号矿井地质特征

SATUI矿区属第三系煤田，主要可采煤层为SM1、SM2、SL煤层，属于低灰、低硫和高发热量优质长焰煤，通过研究Tanjung一组属河流环境；二组为过渡的三角洲含煤沉积，可采煤层形成于三角洲平原环境；三组及其以上地层为浅海相环境。SATUI一号矿井的地质勘探工作参照了中国规范，选择以钻探为主的勘探方法，勘探工程量的布置不拘泥于规范的限制，比较灵活，集中初期采区，在地质填图的基础上，跨越勘探阶段，一步达到精查程度要求。     

2010年国际煤炭市场价格将大幅上涨

11月底,广州港煤码头依然忙碌,除了来自北方秦皇岛、黄骅等港口的煤炭,一船船从越南、印度尼西亚、澳大利亚等远渡重洋而来的进口煤也在有序地履行卸货程序。一位煤炭贸易商向记者透露,除了上述传统的煤炭出口国,来自北美等地的一些煤矿也开始寻求向中国出口煤炭,并报出了极具吸引力的价格。     

用Argo温盐资料估计印度尼西亚贯穿流多年平均地转输送

利用Argo浮标资料,估计了2003—2007年期间印度尼西亚贯穿流（ITF）出口处114.5^οE断面上层(0—1000m)的地转流,并与WOA05资料进行对比。在114.5^οE断面上9.5^ο—18.5^οS之间,依据Argo资料计算的上层(0—1000m)地转流年平均输送为4.2Sv(1 Sv = 106m^3.s^-1),比依据WOA05资料计算的流量大0.5Sv左右,与前人对IX1断面的估算接近。依据Argo资料计算的ITF的季节变化也与WOA05比较一致,最大输送都出现在7月份,可以达到10Sv,而冬季二者差异较大。比较了盐度资料的差异以及114.5^οE断面南侧缺测对估计ITF地转流输送的影响,发现盐度资料的改善可以改进对ITF地转输送量的估计,而断面南侧的缺测对ITF年平均输送的影响较小。因此,Argo资料可以作为监测ITF输送量的一种有效手段,特别是用于年平均流量的研究。     

The IOD signal in the upper-ocean Indonesian Throughflow since the mid-1970s

On the basis of simple ocean data assimilation (SODA) reanalysis product, the interannual variability of upper-ocean Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) volume transport since the mid 1970s is examed. The wavelet analysis shows a second prominent interannual oscillation with a period of about 2~4 a. To reveal any relationship between this band-scale oscillation of upper-ocean ITF and the Indian Ocean dipole (IOD), the correlation and wavelet analyses are used. The correlation coefficient between the upper-ocean ITF and the IOD reaches -0.40 with upper-ocean ITF lagging an IOD index by eight months. The wavelet power spectrum of upper-ocean ITF shows similar structure to that of the IOD index. And the evolution of IOD is reproduced by lagged correlation between the upper-ocean ITF and the sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) over the Indian Ocean. It suggests that the 2~4 a band-scale oscillation of upper-ocean ITF is related uniquely to the IOD over the tropical Indian Ocean.     

Origins and pathways of the subsurface and intermediate water masses of the Indonesian Throughflow derived from historical and Argo data

On the basis of Argo data and historic temperature/salinity data from the World Ocean Database 2001 （ WOD01 ）, origins and spreading pathways of the subsurface and intermediate water masses in the Indonesian Throughflow （ITF） region were discussed by analyzing distributions of salinity on representative isopyenal layers. Results were shown that, subsurface water mostly comes from the North Pacific Ocean while the intermediate water originates from both the North and South Pacific Ocean, even possibly from the Indian Ocean. Spreading through the Sulawesi Sea, the Makassar Strait, and file Flores Sea, the North Pacific subsurface water and the North Pacific Intermediate water dominate the western part of the Indonesian Archipelago. Furthermore as the depth increases, the features of the North Pacific sourced water masses become more obvious. In the eastern part of the waters, high sa- linity South Pacific subsurface water is blocked by a strong salinity front between Halmahera and New Guinea. Intermediate water in the eastern interior region owns salinity higher than the North Pacific intermediate water and the antarctic intermediate water （ AAIW）, possibly coming from the vertical mixing between subsurface water and the AAIW from the Pacific Ocean, and possibly coming from the northward extending of the AAIW from the Indian Ocean as well.     

中国大陆科钻第一井工程峻工获得多项重大科学突破

中国大陆科钻一井经过1 353天的施工, 穿越地层5 158 m, 超额完成预定5 000 m的钻探目标, 于2005年5月18日园满结束. 科钻一井在中国西部"阿尔金-柴北缘-东秦岭"超高压变质带、深地幔新矿物、极端条件微生物、在线流体4个方面有重大发现, 并在印度尼西亚大地震发生前1小时, 就捕捉到异常流体信息, 一度引起地球科学工作者的特别关注和浓厚的兴趣.