基于ANSYS混凝土重力坝稳定动力响应分析

为了研究在静力作用下安全稳定及应力变形规律以及地震动持作用下重力坝的动力响应,应用时程分析法通过有限元数值模拟方法对混凝土重力坝进行三维模型计算。结果表明：静力作用下以及地震动持作用下重力坝的坝趾和坝踵部位应力均较为集中,坝踵处最大,与其它重力坝的其它部位比较,左坝底部的应力集中,特别是在左坝底部与水压、基岩的交界地带,引起了坝体的滑移,因此,建议对此处进行加固处理;重力坝坝体的最大幅值通常出现在坝顶,而且动力放大效应很强。坝体最大振幅一般发生在坝顶,其动态放大作用较大。由于坝顶突然发生的突然变化,导致了坝顶的横向开裂,必须采用相应的工程措施来降低坝顶的荷载,从而使其具有更好的结构刚度。     

Effects of Hypoxia on Dopamine Concentration and the Immune Response of White Shrimp （Litopenaeus vannamei）

Effects of hypoxia on the dopamine concentration and the immune response of White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei were studied. The results showed that hypoxia had significant effects on the concentration of dopamine (DA) in the haemolymph, haemocyte count, phenoloxidase activity, phagocytic activity of haemocytes and bacteriolytic and antibacterial activity in the haemolvmph (P<0.05). The concentration of the dopamine in haemolymph reached its maximum in the 3.0 and 1.5mgL-1 DO groups at 12h and 6h, and then returned to normal after 24h and 12h, respectively. All immune parameters decreased with the reduction of dissolved oxygen. Total haemocyte count (THC), the hyaline cells and semi-granular cells in the 3.0mgL-1 DO group became stable after 12h,while granular cells did so after 24h, The THC and different haemocyte count (DHC) in the 1.5mgL-1 DO group became stable alter 24h. Phenoloxidase activity and bacteriolytic activity in the 3.0 and 1.5mgL-1 DO groups reached their stable levels after 24 h and 12 h respectively, while phagocytic activity and antibacterial activity became stable after 24 and 12, and 36 and 24 It, respec-tively. It was also indicated that the changes of dopamine concentrations in haemolymph, haemocyte count and phenoloxidase activ-ity were obviously related to the exposure time under hypoxic conditions.     

The Effect of Temperature on Growth and Energy Budget of the Polychaete,Neanthes japonica Izuka

Growth and energy budget of the polychaete, Neanthesjaponica, at various temperatures (17, 20, 23, 26 and 29 ℃) were investigated in this study. The growth, as indicated by final dry weight and specific growth rate (SGR), increased with increasing temperature, with the maximum level at 26℃, and then decreased significantly at 29℃. A similar trend was observed in feeding rate, food conversion efficiency (FCE) and apparent digestive rate (ADR). However, no significant differences were detected in ADR among all the temperature treatments. In the pattern of energy allocation, faeces energy was only a small component of energy budget and had little influence on the proportion of food energy allocated to growth. The metabolic energy accounted for a large portion of energy intake for each temperature treatment. The nitrogen excretion was appreciable with changing temperature. The two expendi-ture terms (respiration energy and excretion energy) in energy budget were the major factors influencing the proportion of food en-ergy allocated to growth. These results revealed that temperature affected the growth of N. japonica mainly by influencing feeding rate and FCE. In addition, regression equations describing the relationship between feeding rate, faecal production, SGR, FCE and temperature were obtained. The optimum temperatures for feeding rate, FCE and SGR were estimated at 25.01 ℃, 24.24℃ and 24.73 ℃, respectively, from the regression equations.     

浅析我国区域建设用海亟需实施战略环评

区域建设用海是指在同一围填海形成的区域内建设多个项目的用海方式.目前,我国区域建设用海项目增多,对海洋环境造成的损害也随之加剧.笔者从战略环境影响评价(SEA)的角度出发,初步分析了我国区域建设用海亟需开展海洋战略环评的必要性、可行性及存在的问题,以期推动SEA在区域建设用海管理中的应用,从源头上防治或减轻区域建设用海对海洋环境的损害.     

台风作用下淤泥质海岸动力地貌响应

基于200509号麦莎台风(近似百年一遇)作用前后杭州湾北岸龙泉-南竹港实测的海岸地形和水文资料,利用分形技术、冲刷深度和闭合水深等相关概念分析淤泥质海岸的剖面变化、岸线进退以及地形冲淤,进而探讨海岸响应台风作用的动力地貌行为.结果表明:1)台风作用前后的海岸动力地貌过程表现为水下类似沙坝的堆积体削平、凹处填洼,水下平台发育锯齿或较小的坝--槽,海岸剖面的分维数降低,剖面坡度处于平缓;2)麦莎台风对海床的整体冲淤幅度不大,这可能是由于研究区大潮讯的增水致使波浪对海床的塑造能力减弱以及码头的遮蔽作用造成;3)台风作用对海岸的冲刷深度约为0.8 m,闭合水深为9.5 m,近岸-1 m邻近区成为海岸响应台风作用最敏感的地带;泥沙主要在0 m到闭合水深区间的海床发生纵、横向运移.     

亚洲沙尘对三种海洋微藻生长的影响

实验研究了采自亚洲沙尘暴源地的4种沙尘及1种采自青岛的沙尘对不同海洋微藻生长的影响,结果表明在营养盐贫乏的条件下,沙尘的添加对旋链角毛藻(Chaetoceros curvisetus),小角毛藻(Chaetoceros minutissimus)和东海原甲藻(Prorocendrum donghaiense)的生长具有明显的促进作用.与不加沙尘的对照组相比,指数生长期的比生长速率明显升高;其中取自青岛的沙尘对3种藻类的影响最明显;内蒙古锡林郭勒盟正蓝旗的沙尘营养盐含量最低,但是由于其可溶性Fe的溶出量最高,其促进作用也比较显著.在营养盐充足的条件下,沙尘的添加对3种微藻生长的影响均不显著.因此亚洲沙尘输送到西北太平洋海域可能对该海域的初级生产力具有显著的影响.     

2-[[(2-氨基苯基)亚胺]苯甲基]-4-氯苯酚晶体结构的量子化学研究

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)B3LYP方法,运用Gaussian03量子化学程序包,在B3LYP/6-31G*基组水平上对合成的化合物2-[[(2-氨基苯基)亚胺]苯甲基]-4-氯苯酚的晶体结构进行优化,计算了分子稳定构型的总能量、前线分子轨道能量、原子自然电荷布局、自然键轨道(NBO)及稳定化能等.计算结果与通过单晶X-射线衍射法测得的晶体结构的实验结果吻合.此项研究可为异双希夫碱配体及其金属配合物的合成及实际应用提供理论参考.     

基于边缘分析的海面溢油检测

提出一种基于边缘检测的快速溢油信息提取方法, 首先对溢油图像进行ROA(radio of average)边缘检测, 根据检测结果进行AOI(area of interest)提取, 然后使用改进的Weibull-CFAR检测算法对AOI进行溢油检测, 并与全局CFAR检测结果进行对比。实验结果证明, 所提出的方法对于非均匀灰度SAR图像溢油检测准确性较好、效率较高, 特别适用于大图像的快速溢油检测。     

基于PALSAR数据的DEM提取方法研究

针对PALSAR Level 1.1数据,研究使用NASA/JPL提供的开源干涉软件包ROI_PAC Version 3.0提取DEM.ROI_PAC的目前版本只能处理Level 1.0数据,因此,文章在分析了ROI_PAC软件包处理流程的基础上,提出处理Level 1.1数据的方法,并用PALSAR Level 1.1数据对该方法做了验证.干涉重建DEM与参考DEM的对比结果表明,二者的差异均值为0.27 m,标准差为±9.24 m,80%像元点的高程误差在±10 m以内.