融合储层纵向信息的机器学习岩性识别方法

测井资料中包含丰富的岩性信息,相比于取心资料,具有连续性强、成本低等优点。用机器学习方法探索测井曲线与实际取心段样本岩性之间的关系,实现储层岩性的自动识别,降低岩性识别成本,提高识别效率和准确性,可以为储层评价提供有效手段。基于岩性分类依据选择适合样本的分类方案,选取适合岩性分类问题的机器学习方法设计试验方案,提出了融合储层纵向信息的机器学习岩性识别方法,利用深度窗对常规测井数据和已知岩性数据进行了序列采样,生成了训练样本。用逻辑回归、支持向量机、随机森林、卷积神经网络和Stacking集成学习5种不同方法分别建立模型,对新疆某油田的强非均质岩层原始样本进行了岩性识别。结果表明,当深度窗宽度与岩层厚度相匹配时,在原始样本具有强非均衡性的情况下,用本方法对其进行预处理之后,各个机器学习方法获得的岩性识别准确率均有较大提高。深度窗的宽度决定了方法识别岩层厚度的精度,深度窗越小,识别精度越高;深度窗越大能够保留的纵向信息越多,对相应厚度的岩层识别准确率越高。本文的融合储层纵向信息的机器学习岩性识别方法能提升测井资料岩性识别的准确性,给非均质薄岩层的自动有效识别提供了经济有效的参考方案。     

使用NCEP数据分析新疆于田地震前异常增温

美国国家环境预测中心(NCEP)全球再分析资料为监测地震异常提供了新的数据源。分析了2008年3月21日新疆7.3级地震前一个月的NCEP数据,发现2月18日06时（UTCS世界标准时间）在震中附近的断层带上出现温度异常,随后异常持续并向震中位置靠近。20日18时,异常区域完全覆盖震中位置,增温幅度达到7 K。21日12时异常结束。分析表明：温度异常区域与断层分布具有一致性,增温中心对应未来震中位置,增温幅度和发震震级可能存在对应关系,这对预测地震具有重要意义。     

Early development of Chondrus ocellatus Holm （Gigartinaceae, Rhodophyta）

1 INTRODUCTION Red algae C. ocellatus lives in temperate zone of coastal area, and inhabits at substrates from high tide to low tide regions. Its life history is composed of three phases: tetrasporophyte, gametophyte and carposporophyte. Chondrus is one o…     

氢同位素平衡分馏系数α~e与T、M、f间的定量关系

氢同位素平衡分馈系数（αe）是氢同位素地球化学研究中必不可少的参数。然而实验测定αe值难度大,周期长,所以还有不少羟基矿物尚无αe值。另外,由于类质同象系列中羟基矿物的化学组成、羟基振动频率等的变化,各矿物的αe值也有所不同,但不可能用实验方法系统地测定类质同象系列中每个矿物的αe值,使氢同位素的应用受到一定影响。本文对αe值与温度（T）、矿物化学组成（M）、羟基振动频率（f）之间的关系作了研究,并得出以下经验方程。非氢键羟基矿物在450－850℃温度范围内,关系式为氢健结构羟基矿物在400℃关系式为：以上关系式对快速、准确获得缺乏αe值的羟基矿物和／或类质同象系列中各矿物的氢同位素分馏方程和分馏系数都是十分有用的。     

Impacts of Climatic Factors on Runoff Coefficients in Source Regions of the Huanghe River

Runoff coefficients of the source regions of the Huanghe River in 1956–2000 were analyzed in this paper. In the 1990s runoff of Tangnaihai Hydrologic Station of the Huanghe River experienced a serious decrease, which had at- tracted considerable attention. Climate changes have important impact on the water resources availability. From the view of water cycling, runoff coefficients are important indexes of water resources in a particular catchment. Kalinin baseflow separation technique was improved based on the characteristics of precipitation and streamflow. After the separation of runoff coefficient (R/P), baseflow coefficient (Br/P) and direct runoff coefficient (Dr/P) were estimated. Statistic analyses were applied to assessing the impact of precipitation and temperature on runoff coefficients (including Dr/P, Br/P and R/P). The results show that in the source regions of the Huanghe River, mean annual baseflow coefficient was higher than mean annual direct runoff coefficient. Annual runoff coefficients were in direct proportion to annual pre- cipitation and in inverse proportion to annual mean temperature. The decrease of runoff coefficients in the 1990s was closely related to the decrease in precipitation and increase in temperature in the same period. Over different sub-basins of the source regions of the Huanghe River, runoff coefficients responded differently to precipitation and temperature. In the area above Jimai Hydrologic Station where annual mean temperature is –3.9oC, temperature is the main factor in- fluencing the runoff coefficients. Runoff coefficients were in inverse relation to temperature, and precipitation had nearly no impact on runoff coefficients. In subbasin between Jimai and Maqu Hydrologic Station Dr/P was mainly affected by precipitation while R/P and Br/P were both significantly influenced by precipitation and temperature. In the area be-tween Maqu and Tangnaihai hydrologic stations all the three runoff coefficients increased with the rising of annual precipitation, while direct runoff coefficient was inversely proportional to temperature. In the source regions of the Huanghe River with the increase of average annual temperature, the impacts of temperature on runoff coefficients be-come insignificant.     

GM4型磁通门磁力仪性能检验方法

目前,磁通门磁力仪广泛应用于观测地球磁场相对变化的仪器。相对于应用,仪器的性能测试不为人们所熟悉。本文针对GM4型磁通门磁力仪的噪声特性,频率特性,线性度,温度特性等关键性能指标的测试依据、测试方法及流程给予详细的阐述。     

油松树轮记录的过去134年伏牛山5-7月平均最高温度

利用豫西伏牛山的两组油松树轮宽度年表,重建了该区域1874年以来5-7月的平均最高温度.并用Jackknife和Bootstrap等方法进行了方程稳定性检验,统计检验参数表明重建序列与实测序列吻合较好,且方程稳定可信,重建方程的解释方差为40%(调整自由度后为39%).重建显示,在过去134年中,豫西伏牛山区5-7月平均最高气温经历了4次冷期和5次暖期.其中,20世纪20-30年代末是最显著的暖期,之后开始降温,至50年代降到谷底,温度小幅回升后,在70-80年代中期又显著下降,80年代末以后开始增温.该重建温度序列与秦岭中部南五台地区温度序列有较好的一致性.     

Relationship between North Pacific SST anomalies and the atmospheric circulation anomalies in January 2008

Based on the NCEP (National Centers for Environmental Prediction) data, the relationship between the Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies (SSTAs) in the North Pacific and the atmospheric circulation anomalies in January 2008 is analyzed in this study. The SSTA mode most correlated with the Geopotential Height anomalies (GHAs) in January 2008 in the North Pacific exhibited a basin-wide horseshoe pattern with a warm center in November 2007. This persistent SSTA pattern would induce positive GHAs in the Aleutian Low area and East Asia and the northward extension of the West Pacific Subtropical High in January 2008 by maximum diabatic heating in the atmosphere over the Kuroshio Oyashio Extension (KOE) area, leading to the occurence of the circumpolar trough-ridge wave train anomaly in January 2008.     

Climate-Induced Variability of Sea Level in Stockholm： Influence of Air Temperature and Atmospheric Circulation

This study is focused on climate-induced variation of sea level in Stockholm during 1873-1995. After the effect of the land uplift, is removed, the residual is characterized and related to large-scale temperature and atmospheric circulation. The residual shows an overall upward trend, although this result depends on the uplift rate used. However, the seasonal distribution of the trend is uneven. There are even two months （June and August） that show a negative trend. The significant trend in August may be linked to fresh water input that is controlled by precipitation. The influence of the atmospheric conditions on the sea level is mainly manifested through zonal winds, vorticity and temperature. While the wind is important in the period January-May, the vorticity plays a main role during June and December. A successful linear multiple-regression model linking the climatic variables （zonal winds, vorticity and mean air temperature during the previous two months） and the sea level is established for each month. An independent verification of the model shows that it has considerable skill in simulating the variability.