冀北宽城中元古界杨庄组地球化学特征

为分析碳酸盐岩地球化学特征对地层及层序界线、沉积环境的影响,选取冀北宽城中元古界杨庄组剖面进行了实测。冀北宽城中元古界杨庄组常量、微量元素和碳、氧同位素在纵向上具有特征的演变规律,特别是在岩石地层界线与层序界面附近变化明显。CaO含量从杨庄组一段到二段为21.07%～16.45%,从二段至三段则为16.45%～24.21%,Sr、Ba含量分别从杨庄组底部向上由44.59×10-6突变至98.16×10-6和0.51×10-6至10.45×10-6,δ13C值在0‰～-1.5‰之间变化,δ18O在-3.5‰～-8.5‰之间变化。上述常量、微量元素及碳、氧同位素组成、变化与同时期海平面变化基本一致,表明地球化学特征可作为划分地层界面或层序界面的标志,特别是可以优化地层界线或层序界线。杨庄组CaO/MgO、Sr/Ba及V、Rb、Be、B等组成和演化研究表明,杨庄组形成于干热气候下的近岸浅水环境。     

水平长导线源瞬变电磁三维积分方程模拟

以体积分方程法模拟三维电磁正演问题的原理为基础,利用数值滤波方法实现了时间域水平长导线源的瞬变电磁三维问题的模拟,对电阻率、极化率、时间常数和频率相关系数的变化分别进行了三维数值模拟。为了提高计算的精度,变换过程中采用双精度数值滤波方法。利用偶极源的解析解和数值解的对比来检验数值滤波方法的可靠性。数值模拟结果表明,此种数值滤波方法精度高,结果稳定。高精度数值滤波结果为瞬变电磁法在石油、矿产、地热以及其他方面的应用提供了理论指导。     

中祁连东段化隆群中斜长角闪岩地球化学特征及构造意义

中祁连东段化隆群中斜长角闪岩岩相学特征及主、微量元素地球化学分析结果显示,其原岩为碱性玄武岩。斜长角闪岩表现出轻稀土元素富集、Nb-Ta不亏损,与典型洋岛玄武岩(OIB)的微量元素分布模式和特征元素比值(Nb/La=1.24～1.48,Th/Ta=1.19～1.40)类似,但与典型OIB相对亏损高场强元素(如Th、Nb)不同,且在大地构造环境判别图上落入板内大陆玄武岩区,反映了化隆群斜长角闪岩原岩来源于软流圈地幔交代大陆岩石圈地幔熔融源区,为Rodinia超大陆在新元古代汇聚过程中局部裂解或Rodinia大陆整体上汇聚未完成局部地区就开始裂解的产物。     

准噶尔盆地西北缘中拐-五八区佳木河组储层主控因素及发育区预测

准噶尔盆地西北缘中拐-五八区二叠系佳木河组发育火山岩、砂砾岩两类储集层.应用储层静态宏观岩相、岩性、微观结构及动态成岩与孔隙演化相结合方法,着重探讨储层主控因素.据储层主控因素,提取相应地震属性,有效开展储层横向预测,达到有利勘探区带优选目的.二叠系佳木河组储层为特殊岩类储集层,属溶蚀孔隙占主导的低孔、低渗双重介质类型,火山岩具强酸敏性,砂砾岩具强水敏性,对气层钻井与试油保护要求较高.二叠系佳木河组储层主控因素为岩性、岩相和溶蚀作用.岩性决定储层基质孔隙发育程度,岩相决定储层规模,溶蚀决定储层优劣,沿断裂带与流体疏导体系溶蚀作用较强,形成有效储层.中拐-五八区构造位置有利,佳木河组形成自生自储,是天然气勘探重要区带.勘探区上亚组有利区位于八区白碱滩断裂带,沿断裂带展布;中亚组有利区位于中拐凸起东翼五区,沿尖灭线展布;下亚组有利区围绕中拐凸起南北两翼断裂发育区展布.     

可控源音频大地电磁法深部找矿实验效果

为了考查电磁法在探测深部金属矿及地质构造方面的实际效果,用可控源音频大地电磁法分别在埋深为500 m和1 100 m的两个已知隐伏铁、铜矿体上进行了实验工作。实验结果表明地电异常显示了矿体、断层以及岩层接触带的分布。在矿体埋藏深度小于500 m、矿层较厚时,地电异常十分明显;若矿体埋藏深度大于1 000 m,地电异常主要反应了控矿、容矿构造。     

Sedimentary Features and Their Implications of Microdigital Stromatolites from the Mesoproterozoic Wumishan Formation at the Jixian Section in North China

<正>The Mesoproterozoic Wumishan Formation at the Jixian section in Tianjin is a set of more than 3000-m-thick stromatolitic carbonate succession.In this succession,several lithofacies units,that is,the subtidal stromatolitic biostrome,the thrombolitic bioherm,tidal-flat micritic dolomite and lagoon dolomitic shale,make up many meter-scale cycles of the peritidal carbonate type that have been nominated as the Wumishan cycles.Importantly,many microdigital stromatolites make up the stromatolitic biostrome unit of the Wumishan cycles in the lower part of the Wumishan Formation. These microdigital stromatolites have been grouped as a stromatolitic assemblage by paleontologists, that is,"Pseudogymnosolen mopanyuensis-Scuphus-Yangzhuang columnaris"assemblage.These microdigital stromatolites had also been interpreted as the aragonite(tufa) sea-floor precipitates by sedimentologists,and has further been thought as the special products of the transitional period from the sea-floor aragonite precipitates of the Archean to the clastic and muddy carbonates of the Neoproterozoic.Although there are some restrictions for the stratigraphic meaning of the concept of the stromatolitic assemblage,detailed studies on classification by paleontologists provide an important clue to understand the sedimentological meaning of the microdigital stromatolites.Furthermore,an important and obvious horizon for the end of the microdigital stromatolites was recorded in the Mesoproterozoic Wumishan Formation at the Jixian section,which provides useful information to understand the stromatolite decline occurred at c.1250 Ma and the evolving carbonate world of the Precambrian.     

Geochemical signatures of Mesoproterozoic siliciclastic rocks of the Kaimur Group of the Vindhyan Supergroup,Central India

The Upper Kaimur Group of the Vindhyan Supergroup in Central India, primarily consists of three rock types-DhandraulSandstone, Scarp Sandstone and Bijaigarh Shale. Mineralogically and geochemically, they are quartz arenite, sublitharenite to litharenite and litharenite to shale in composition, respectively. The A-CN-K ternary plot and CIA and ICV values suggest that the similar source rocks suffered severe chemical weathering, under a hot-humid climate in an acidic environment with higher P _{CO 2}, which facilitated high sediment influx in the absence of land plants. Various geochemical discriminants, elemental ratios like K₂O/Na₂O, Al₂O₃/TiO₂, SiO₂/MgO, La/Sc, Th/Sc, Th/Cr, Gd_N/Yb_N and pronounced negative Eu anomalies indicate the rocks to be of post-Archean Proterozoic granitic source, with a minor contribution of granodioritic input, in a passive margin setting. The sediments of the Upper Kaimur Group were probably deposited in the interglacial period in between the Paleoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic glacial epochs.     

磁源瞬变电磁法中心回线装置全程视电阻率定义及计算

讨论了磁源TEM中心回线装置全程视电阻率的计算问题。利用电偶极子的瞬变场叠加来计算磁源TEM中心回线装置的瞬变场,均匀半空间的计算结果表明,该方法是可行的。用电偶极子的瞬变场定义了磁源瞬变电磁法中心回线装置全程视电阻率,通过对二、三、四层电性断面的视电阻率的计算,并与TEM晚期视电阻率进行了对比,说明了该定义的优越性。实测磁源TEM资料的计算表明,用电偶极子的瞬变场定义的磁源瞬变电磁法中心回线装置全程视电阻率较好地反映了电性断面特征,其对浅层磁源TEM探测及资料解译具有使用价值。     

CSAMT法在深部铜锌矿体勘查中的应用

CSAMT法具有分辨率高、探测深度大、工作效率高等优点,已广泛应用于勘查领域。本文通过实例介绍了CSAMT法的基本原理及方法技术,以及在老矿山勘查深部铜锌矿体中的应用及效果。     

区域重力调查中使用2000国家大地坐标系的意义和方法

本文讲述2000国家大地坐标系的定义及尽快采用2000国家大地坐标系的意义;介绍区域重力调查中采用GPS定点的一般方法,着重提出区域重力调查中如何采用2000国家大地坐标系进行测点远区地形改正和正常场修正的方法。此对规范和提升区域重力调查工作有一定的现实意义。