5个新核电项目将开工建设

日前,中国国家能源局副局长孙勤透露,中国今年内将安排5个新的核电项目开工建设。据悉,当前中国在建项目有24个机组,2500多万千瓦,到2020年,中国核电装机容量有望超过7500万千瓦。     

中国钢企坚决不吃“第二次亏”

工业和信息化部部长李毅中近日表示,支持钢铁协会的意见,内部要统一、联合起来,在铁矿石谈判中要维护国家的利益,不要互相竞价,把价格抬高,否则最后损失的是中国钢铁业。这次的教训太深了,中国不能再吃第二次亏了。     

汝阳筹建恐龙遗址馆

2008年12月26日,汝阳县被授予“中国恐龙之乡”。为保护地质遗迹,进一步扩大汝阳恐龙独特的自然资源及知名度,今年伊始,汝阳县委、县政府再次决定自筹资金1500万元筹建“中国汝阳恐龙遗址馆”,目前各项工作进展顺利。     

《张亚明地矿报告文学集》出版

张亚明,笔名萧枫,哑呜,安徽人。中国报告文学学会会员、中国国土资源作家协会会员,现为中国矿业报首席记者。     

温度对WSSV感染中国对虾越冬亲虾的影响

在不同温度下,对中国对虾(Fenneropenaeus chinensis)越冬亲虾进行人工感染白斑综合症病毒(WSSV)实验,利用腹部采血和剪取游泳足进行活体取样.统计感染对虾发病及死亡情况,利用巢式PCR技术检测WSSV,统计实对虾受WSSV感染情况.结果显示,在对虾累计死亡率上游泳足取样的高温组(18～21 ℃)和低温组(9～12 ℃)有显著差异(P=0.041<0.05),高温组明显高于低温组;在对虾受WSSV感染程度上,高温组主要呈严重感染(91.67%),中温组(13～16 ℃)和低温组则主要呈轻度感染,且温度越低受感染程度越轻;在跟踪WSSV感染对虾进程研究上,高温组在48 h检测出WSSV,中温组和低温组则分别在72 h和96 h检测出WSSV,明显滞后于高温组.表明温度对WSSV感染对虾有一定的影响,低温(9～12 ℃)条件下WSSV也能感染对虾且导致死亡,但低温可抑制WSSV的增殖,减缓感染进程,延迟白斑综合症(WSS)的发生.     

Landscape Dynamics and Driving Factors in Da＇an County of Jilin Province in Northeast China During 1956-2000

The landscape pattern of Da＇an County, Northeast China has undergone significant changes since the 1950s as a result of climatic change and human activities. The aim of this paper is to quantitatively study landscape pattern and its spatial dynamics of Da＇an County at the landscape level over the nearly 50-year span. Patch dynamics were examined according to land use and land cover change processes built from a series of images, as well as topographic maps, and temporal patterns built from landscape pattern metrics. The transition matrix of landscape patch types and changes of various landscape metrics were applied. The results showed that, from 1956 to 2000, the landscape within the study area had undertaken a complicated evolution in landscape structure and composition. The outstanding characteristic is that saline-alkali land increased and grassland decreased. As some smaller patches amalgamated, the heterogeneity of patch decreased. All those changes were the synthetic result of both climatic and anthropogenic influences, but the predominant factor was different in different parts. In the southern part of the study area, the landscape pattern changes resulted from the modification of climate obviously, while in the northern part, the landscape pattern changes were mainly caused by human activities, such as the conversion between farmland and saline-alkali land. This phenomenon showed that human activities played more important role in the north than in the south of Da＇an County.     

Sensitivity of penman-monteith reference crop evapotranspiration in Tao’er River Basin of northeastern China

A non-dimensional relative sensitivity coefficient was employed to predict the responses of reference crop evapotranspiration （ET0） to perturbation of four climate variables in Tao＇er River Basin of the northeastern China. Mean monthly ET0 and yearly ET0 from 1961 to 2005 were estimated with the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith Equation. A 45-year historical dataset of average monthly maximum/minimum air temperature, mean air temperature, wind speed, sunshine hours and relative humidity from 15 meteorological stations was used in the analysis. Results show that： 1） Sensitivity coefficients of wind speed, air temperature and sunshine hours were positive except for those of air temperature of Arxan Meteorological Station, while those of relative humidity were all negative. Relative humidity was the most sensitive variable in general for the Tao＇er River Basin, followed by sunshine hours, wind speed and air temperature. 2） Similar to climate variable, monthly sensitivity coefficients exhibit large annual fluctuations. 3） Sensitivity coefficients for four climate variables all showed significant trends in seasonal/yearly series. Also, sensitivity coefficients of air temperature, sunshine hours and wind speed all showed significant trends in spring. 4） Among all sensitivity coefficients, the average yearly sensitivity coefficient of relative humidity was highest throughout the basin and showed largest spatial variability. Longitudinal distribution of sensitivity coefficients for air temperature, relative humidity and sunshine hours was also found, which was similar to the distribution of the three climate variables.     

Landscape Effects of Land Consolidation Projects in Central China——A Case Study of Tianmen City,Hubei Province

The goal of land consolidation in China is still to develop agricultural production. The study of landscape effects of land consolidation projects （LCPs） faces many difficulties because of the lack of government＇s interest and data. This paper, taking Tianmen City of Hubei Province in Central China as an example, presents a methodology for analyzing landscape effects of LCPs by GIS and Fragstats3.3. It describes landscape effects with indexes of Patch Density （PD）, Largest Patch Index （LPI）, Landscape Shape Index （LSI）, Interspersion and Juxtaposition Index （IJI）, Aggregation Index （AI）, and Shannon＇s Diversity Index （SHDI）, showing more regular shape, simpler structure and less habitat diversity after LCPs. It computes ten landscape indexes of four categories of patches including Cultivated Land, Road, Water Channel, and River and Pond. The indexes show that 1） cultivated land becomes more fragmental in patch area, less irregular in patch shape and more concentrated in block; 2） the transport capacity of roads and irrigation and drainage capacity of water channels have been improved; 3） the landscape change of river and pond can be summarized as decreasing scale, more regular shape, reducing connectivity and diversity of the class. LCPs can facilitate agricultural production as well as protect cultivated land and food security. However, it is doubted that the increase of cultivated land from LCPs results from the reducing in landscape diversity of water area.     

1∶600万《中国自然环境系列地图》挂图编制出版

全国性自然环境系列地图挂图不仅可以为中学和大专院校提供地理教学之用,而且也为政府机关和研究单位以及广大读者了解全国自然条件与自然环境提供形象直观的图形显示。国外对编制与出版全国性自然环境系列地图挂图非常重视,有些国家还编制出版了多种中小比例尺的全国自然环境系列地图。例如早从20世纪50年代开始,前苏联先后编制出版了1∶500万、1∶400万、1∶1000万和1∶250万苏联自然条件系列挂图,包括地势、地质、地貌、土壤、植被、森林等六幅地图。波兰于20世纪70年代编制出版了1∶20万波兰环境系列地图。澳大利亚、法国、德国、美国、日本、匈牙利、西班牙等许多国家也都出版了自然条件或自然环境系列挂图。     

盛世国土——礼贺国土资源部十年华诞

21世纪是中国的世纪。中国学者认为:21世纪,中国现代化的最大问题是农民问题,而中国农民的最大问题则是土地问题。土地的最大问题就是财产权的归属问题,其归根结底是土地制度的深化改革。诞生于20世纪末的国土资源部,是在新一轮"圈地风"再次为中国本来就少得可怜的耕地保护频频亮"红灯"的大势下,在国务院"机构改革"的大盘中应运而生。此次国务院部委机构改革力度之大,为改革后20年之最,将40个机构并减至29个。由原地质矿产部、国家土地管理局、国家海洋局、国家测绘局合并组建中华人民共和国国土资源部。新成立的国土资源部是个"大部",应该说,这是中国共产党和中国政府对土地的眷眷深情演变成对土地的高度重视,此举必将会把国土资源管理水平推向新的高度。