全文获取类型
收费全文 | 13493篇 |
免费 | 3041篇 |
国内免费 | 1598篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 131篇 |
大气科学 | 413篇 |
地球物理 | 9694篇 |
地质学 | 4521篇 |
海洋学 | 1242篇 |
天文学 | 17篇 |
综合类 | 620篇 |
自然地理 | 1494篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 51篇 |
2023年 | 197篇 |
2022年 | 395篇 |
2021年 | 472篇 |
2020年 | 605篇 |
2019年 | 643篇 |
2018年 | 523篇 |
2017年 | 524篇 |
2016年 | 500篇 |
2015年 | 604篇 |
2014年 | 754篇 |
2013年 | 739篇 |
2012年 | 776篇 |
2011年 | 805篇 |
2010年 | 699篇 |
2009年 | 781篇 |
2008年 | 783篇 |
2007年 | 937篇 |
2006年 | 912篇 |
2005年 | 748篇 |
2004年 | 769篇 |
2003年 | 646篇 |
2002年 | 563篇 |
2001年 | 416篇 |
2000年 | 464篇 |
1999年 | 386篇 |
1998年 | 375篇 |
1997年 | 343篇 |
1996年 | 351篇 |
1995年 | 275篇 |
1994年 | 274篇 |
1993年 | 239篇 |
1992年 | 148篇 |
1991年 | 97篇 |
1990年 | 72篇 |
1989年 | 72篇 |
1988年 | 60篇 |
1987年 | 50篇 |
1986年 | 30篇 |
1985年 | 14篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 18篇 |
1954年 | 9篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Analytical study of ground motion caused by seismic wave propagation across faulted rock masses 下载免费PDF全文
Studying seismic wave propagation across rock masses and the induced ground motion is an important topic, which receives considerable attention in design and construction of underground cavern/tunnel constructions and mining activities. The current study investigates wave propagation across a rock mass with one fault and the induced ground motion using a recursive approach. The rocks beside the fault are assumed as viscoelastic media with seismic quality factors, Qp and Qs. Two kinds of interactions between stress waves and a discontinuity and between stress waves and a free surface are analyzed, respectively. As the result of the wave superposition, the mathematical expressions for induced ground vibration are deduced. The proposed approach is then compared with the existing analysis for special cases. Finally, parametric studies are carried out, which includes the influences of fault stiffness, incident angle, and frequency of incident waves on the peak particle velocities of the ground motions. 相似文献
2.
Moche Ziv 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2003,27(3):207-232
The response of an ideal elastic half‐space to a line‐concentrated impulsive vector shear force applied momentarily is obtained by an analytical–numerical computational method based on the theory of characteristics in conjunction with kinematical relations derived across surfaces of strong discontinuities. The shear force is concentrated along an infinite line, drawn on the surface of the half‐space, while being normal to that line as well as to the axis of symmetry of the half‐space. An exact loading model is introduced and built into the computational method for this shear force. With this model, a compatibility exists among the prescribed applied force, the geometric decay of the shear stress component at the precursor shear wave, and the boundary conditions of the half‐space; in this sense, the source configuration is exact. For the transient boundary‐value problem described above, a wave characteristics formulation is presented, where its differential equations are extended to allow for strong discontinuities which occur in the material motion of the half‐space. A numerical integration of these extended differential equations is then carried out in a three‐dimensional spatiotemporal wavegrid formed by the Cartesian bicharacteristic curves of the wave characteristics formulation. This work is devoted to the construction of the computational method and to the concepts involved therein, whereas the interpretation of the resultant transient deformation of the half‐space is presented in a subsequent paper. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
3.
A method of structural damage identification using harmonic excitation force is presented. It considers the effects of both measurement and modelling errors in the baseline finite element model. Damage that accompanies changes in structural parameters can be estimated for a damaged structure from the change between measured vibration responses and ones calculated from the analytical model of the intact structure. In practice, modelling errors exist in the analytical model due to material and geometric uncertainties and a reduction in the degrees of freedom as well as measurement errors, making identification difficult. To surmount these problems, bootstrap hypothesis testing, which enables statistical judgment without information about these errors, was introduced. The method was validated by numerical simulation using a three‐dimensional frame structure and real vibration data for a three‐storey steel frame structure. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
4.
Richard T. Jones Jim D. Marshall Stephen F. Crowley Alan Bedford Nigel Richardson Jan Bloemendal Frank Oldfield 《第四纪科学杂志》2002,17(4):329-340
A lacustrine carbonate sequence from Hawes Water, Lancashire, UK, has been studied using stable isotopic, lithological, pollen and mineral magnetic analysis. The data reveal four abrupt climatic oscillations in the Late‐glacial Interstadial leading up to the onset of the Loch Lomond Stadial. The data also point to climatic warming relatively early within the stadial, ca. 12 500 GRIP yr, prior to the onset of the Holocene. The oxygen isotope record is taken as a signature of climate forcing against which the response of the lake‐system can be monitored. By adopting this approach it is revealed that the response of the biological system to the rapid climatic oscillations is non‐linear and primarily a function of the antecedent conditions. A significant end‐Devensian isotopic excursion (A) is matched by only minor changes in the cold‐adapted floras and faunas. During the warmer interstadial, the response of the biological ecosystem (events B–D) is clearly influenced by thresholds: major changes in the catchment vegetation associated with relatively minor oscillations in the isotopic signature. The stratigraphical patterns reveal significant lag effects between the onset of climate deterioration and resulting changes in vegetation. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
5.
6.
Ren Tinawi Marc Sarrazin Andr Filiatrault 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》1993,12(8):469-477
The 1990 edition of the National Building Code of Canada (Associate Committee of the National Building Code, National Research Council, Ottawa, 1990) makes a clear distinction between eastern and western Canada in terms of seismic acceleration and velocity zones. While it is well established that ground motions can be amplified significantly through loose clay deposits, no results are available that take into consideration the typical high frequency content of ground motions in eastern Canada. This paper develops ground amplification curves for clays having depths between 10 and 70 m excited by typical eastern Canadian ground motions scaled to two different values of peak horizontal accelerations. Simplified free-field spectral design curves, which could be used by structural designers, are proposed. The curves show that maximum spectral accelerations occur for structural periods between 0.2 and 0.5 s. In addition, soil depth does not appear to be an important parameter controlling the response of typical clay deposits in eastern Canada. 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
10.
In urban environments, one major concern with deep excavations in soft clay is the potentially large ground deformations in and around the excavation. Excessive movements can damage adjacent buildings and utilities. There are many uncertainties associated with the calculation of the ultimate or serviceability performance of a braced excavation system. These include the variabilities of the loadings, geotechnical soil properties, and engineering and geometrical properties of the wall. A risk‐based approach to serviceability performance failure is necessary to incorporate systematically the uncertainties associated with the various design parameters. This paper demonstrates the use of an integrated neural network–reliability method to assess the risk of serviceability failure through the calculation of the reliability index. By first performing a series of parametric studies using the finite element method and then approximating the non‐linear limit state surface (the boundary separating the safe and ‘failure’ domains) through a neural network model, the reliability index can be determined with the aid of a spreadsheet. Two illustrative examples are presented to show how the serviceability performance for braced excavation problems can be assessed using the reliability index. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献