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1.
通过对高温超导技术应用前景的展望,阐述了如果将高温超导技术这个高科技成果转化为生产力,其应用前景是非常好的,市场潜力是无穷的. 相似文献
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Four smectites with different total Fe contents (two nontronites, one ferruginous smectite, and one montmorillonite) were
reduced to obtain a range of Fe(II)/Fe(III) ratios and their magnetic properties measured with a SQUID (superconducting quantum
interference device) as a function of applied magnetic field strength at 5 K and as a function of temperature in a field of
0.1 T. The unaltered nontronite and ferruginous smectite specimens showed antiferromagnetic coupling, whereas the coupling
in the reduced samples was ferromagnetic; the paramagnetic Curie temperature increased with increasing Fe(II) content. Data
collected after cooling samples in both the presence and absence of an external magnetic field of 0.1 T showed that at low
temperatures the reduced (ferromagnetic) nontronite and ferruginous smectite samples exhibit a memory effect of previous magnetic
field exposure consistent with superparamagnetic or spin glass behavior. The superparamagnetic/ferromagnetic transition temperature,
T
f
, increased linearly with increasing Fe(II) content for each of the nontronites, but the relationship between T
f
and Fe(II) content differed for different clays, thus demonstrating that T
f
is sensitive to isomorphous substitutions in the clay structure. The montmorillonite was paramagnetic in both oxidized and
reduced forms.
Received: 23 March 1999 / Revised, accepted: 27 August 1999 相似文献
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《African Journal of Marine Science》2013,35(2):375-388
In July 1998, a bottom-mounted Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler was deployed at 36m depth in the centre of the Tsitsikamma National Park on the eastern Agulhas Bank, South Africa. The purpose was to investigate transport of chokka squid Loligo vulgaris reynaudii paralarvae hatched on the inshore spawning grounds (<60m) and ichthyoplankton spawned within the park. Analysis of the first 12 months of data (July 1998–June 1999) shows that surface flow was mainly eastward (alongshore), with a maximum velocity (u-component) of +115cm s?1 and an average of +24cm s?1. Generally, velocity decreased with depth, with a maximum bottom velocity (u-component) of +65cm s?1 and an average of +10cm s?1. Data from a nearby thermistor array show that the water column was usually isothermal during winter (July–September), with bottom flow in the same direction as the surface layer. In summer (December–March), vertical stratification was most intense, and surface and bottom flows differed in velocity and direction. Potential net monthly displacements calculated for three depths (5m, 23m and 31m) indicate that passive, neutrally buoyant biological material (e.g. squid paralarvae, fish eggs and larvae) would likely be transported eastwards in the surface layer for eight of the 12 months, and would generally exceed distances of 220km month–1. Displacement in the bottom layer was more evenly distributed between east and west, with net monthly (potential) transport typically 70–100km, but reaching a maximum of 200km. Wind-driven coastal upwelling, prevalent during the summer, causes the surface layer of the coastal counter-current to flow offshore for several days, resulting in potential displacement distances of 40km from the coast. These results suggest that squid paralarvae hatched on the inshore spawning grounds are not generally transported towards the 'cold ridge', a prominent semi-permanent oceanographic feature of cold, nutrient-rich upwelled water, where food is abundant, and that fish larvae, whether from the surface or bottom layer, are exported beyond the boundaries of the Tsitsikamma National Park. 相似文献
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《African Journal of Marine Science》2013,35(3):603-612
Reproductive features of the poorly known oceanic squid Octopoteuthis sicula are described and quantified to gain insight into the reproductive biology of the species. The data are based on 39 complete and partial specimens from southern African waters, collected between 1975 and 2005. The specimens ranged in mantle length from 38 mm to 290 mm and included juveniles and mature females and males. The species shows female-biased sexual size dimorphism. Ovulation is asynchronous, indicating a repeated spawning strategy. Males transfer spermatophores presumably by using their long terminal organ. Spermatangia (discharged spermatophores) were found implanted in several parts of the body in both females and males, including in the anterior dorsal and ventral rugose, semi-gelatinous mantle tissue of maturing and mature females. This modified mantle tissue was only well developed in females. The morphologies of the spermatophore and the spermatangium of O. sicula are described. The spermatophoric reaction is reconstructed, using various stages of discharge, to provide insight into the process of intradermal implantation of spermatangia of this species. 相似文献
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《African Journal of Marine Science》2013,35(1):387-393
Unusual and distinct hydroacoustic targets were observed in November 1996, May 1998 and November 1998 during routine pelagic biomass surveys off the south coast of South Africa. During the November 1996 survey, seven such targets were observed near the bottom at depths of 115–125 m, directly south of the traditional inshore spawning grounds of chokka squid Loligo vulgaris reynaudii at Cape St Francis. The targets were close to prominent seabed ridges and extended 30–40 m off the bottom. In May 1998, three similar targets were observed at depths 55–80 m off Plettenberg Bay, another well-known squid spawning site. The shallowest target was identified, by means of a midwater trawl, as a mixture of mature male and female chokka. During the November 1998 survey, nine similar targets were again observed on the squid spawning grounds at Cape St Francis, also adjacent to seabed ridges. Drawing on fisheries hydroacoustic experience and knowledge of chokka squid spawning behaviour, the targets are believed to be aggregations of spawning squid. 相似文献
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《African Journal of Marine Science》2013,35(1):379-382
Six early, post-cleavage embryonic stages for chokka squid Loligo vulgaris reynaudii eggs that were developed in an aquarium are identified and described, expanding the embryonic stages for this species from 14 to 20. The influence of water temperature on embryonic development is described. At temperatures <12 and >15°C, high percentages of morphological abnormalities were observed in embryonic development. Gross forms are described and illustrated. 相似文献
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