Neogene diatoms from the Sandy Ridge section, Alaska Peninsula: Significance for stratigraphic and paleogeographic reconstructions

Fossil diatoms from the Milky River Formation of the Sandy Ridge section, Alaska Peninsula are analyzed. Data on stratigraphic distribution of diatoms and silicoflagellates are presented. Based on presence of stratigraphically important forms (Neodenticula kamtschatica, Thalassiosira oestrupii, Cosmiodiscus insignis), the assemblages studied are correlated with the North Pacific Cenozoic diatom zones. An assemblage similar to that of subzone “b” of the Neodenticula kamtschatica Zone (Barron and Gladenkov, 1995) indicates the latest Miocene-initial early Pliocene (5.5-4.8 Ma) age of its host deposits. Additional species of biostratigraphic importance (Thalassiosira temperei, Th. latimarginata, and others) refine ages of different parts of the section. In particular, age of stratigraphically lowest beds bearing Astarte (mollusks valuable for establishing the Bering Strait opening) were dated at 5.5-5.4 Ma. Some paleogeographic inferences are made from analysis of composition of the diatom assemblages.     

深部岩体分区碎裂化进程的时间效应研究

论文对现场观测和相似材料模拟实验中岩石分区碎裂化的时间效应进行了总结。得出岩石分区碎裂化现象是岩体经蠕变产生的。破碎带的形成需要经过一定的时间。但这段时间不会很长。采用蠕变理论对岩石分区碎裂化的时间效应进行了分析,推导了能够描述加速蠕变阶段的流变模型———改进的西原模型的本构方程和蠕变方程。在此基础上求出了岩石分区破裂化发生时破裂带半径(破碎带距巷道中心的距离)的公式。     

西太平洋热带地区环流低频变化的主振荡型预测试验

用1994年逐日西太平洋热带地区200 hPa纬向风场资料建立主振荡预测模型,对低频纬向风场（30～50天）的传播进行独立预报试验。试验结果表明,在夏半年109次预测中提前15天预报的相关性预报技巧在0.50以上。它是揭示低频时空演变的有效工具。同时也讨论了有关模型参数的选取方法。     

江西德兴银山火山岩-次火山岩 带状岩浆房初步研究

银山地区火山岩－次火山岩由流纹岩、流纹英安斑岩、英安质熔岩、英安斑岩和粗面安山斑岩组成,喷发和侵入存在着反序特征．通过各种物理化学方法确定了岩浆房中存在的化学成分和温度、密度、粘度梯度．建立了以英安质岩浆为主,顶部有一层富ＳｉＯ２、富Ｋ的流纹质岩浆,底部为少量粗面安山质岩浆的带状岩浆房．岩浆演化及带状岩浆房的形成是分离结晶、同化混染、岩浆对流和边界层机制共同作用的结果．     

Zonal Metamorphic Complex in the Tongulack Mountain Ridge, Altai, Russia, and Explanation of Its Origin with the Help of Thermal Modelling

A moderate pressure / high temperature zonal metamorphic complex in the Tongulack Mountain Ridge, Altai, Russia, is described, and the applicability of the models of magmatic intrusion and fluid flow to explanation of its origin discussed. The Precambrian complex was formed at 500-700℃ and 3.0-5.5 kbars; it is a linear, 25-30 km wide, thermal anticline with a curved axis showing symmetric metamorphic zoning. The metamorphism was isochemical by its nature, as is corroborated by the chemical compositions of the rocks. Four zones can be recognized within the metamorphic complex: chloritic (on the peripheries), cordieritic, sillimanitic and staurolite-out (in the centre). The zones are separated by successive isograds: cordierite, staurolite-in or sillimanite and staurolite-out. It is argued that the origin of the metamorphic zoning can be explained best by a combined fluid-magmatic model; conductive heat flow from the intrusion predominated considerably over the fluid flux in heat transfer: the fluid flow     

赤道低平流层纬向风垂直切变与ENSO变率的关系

利用NCEP／NCAR 40a再分析资料研究了赤道低平流层纬向风垂直切变与ENSO变率间的关系。结果得出，赤道低平流层纬向风的垂直切变呈现明显的准两年振荡，SOI和Nino3区SSTA的准两年周期成分与赤道低平流层纬向风垂直切变分别呈现反位相和同位相关系。赤道低平流层西（东）风切变位相时，OLR、1000hPa高度，2000hPa高度和温度、850hPa温度等要素的距平分布与其在El Nino(La Nina)时段的分布相似。     

卫星双通道反演的赤道纬向环流的气候特征及与ENS0关系的研究

利用1979－1995年共17年美国NOAA卫星观测的OLR，HIRS－Tb12与NCEP再分析的同期资料进行对比分析，证明了用卫星观测的红外，水汽双通道（OLR反演上升运动，HIRS－Tb12反演下沉运动）去反演纬向垂直环流是一个很好的途径，定义了卫星双通道反演的纬向垂直环流指数，利用该定义用卫星资料计算并反演了气候平均的全年及四季的纬向垂直环流，详细地讨论了它的气候学特征，同时又利用上述定义研究了3次典型ENSO过程的演变特征，指出太平洋的东上升支，在ENSO盛期都越过日界线，这是ENSO过程的一个共同特征，太平洋上的正Walker环流上升在ENSO盛期的强度与ENSO过程的一个共同特征，太平洋上的正Walker环流上升支在ENSO盛期的强度与ENSO过程的强弱有关。     

Zonal character of failure near the wells and openings in high depth conditions

Rock mass failure on the high depth near the underground openings often has zonal character. The mechanism of this phenomenon consists in the periodical character of stresses in surrounding rock mass and developing of tensile macrocracks at the places (zones) of maximum tangentional stresses. Mathematical model of the high stressed rock mass is developed on the base of the defect media mechanics and nonequilibrium thermodynamics principals. The correspondence between the experimental research of faulted zonal structures near the high depths openings and mathematical model calculation is achieved. Relationships between the width of cracking zones and rock mass strength property have been determined.     

基于MODIS的沿海带状植被NDVI/EVI季节变化研究——以江苏沿海互花米草盐沼为例

植被指数的时空变化是目前全球变化研究的热点问题。该文以江苏沿海互花米草盐沼为例,运用MODIS数据探索沿海带状植被NDVI/EVI的季节变化规律。结果表明,互花米草的返青(出苗)、抽穗、种子成熟等主要物候期在VI曲线上均能得到很好体现。本研究可为监测互花米草盐沼扩展趋势、加强管理、趋利避害提供基础数据,同时也为沿海其它带状植被监测提供借鉴。     

吕宋海峡纬向海流及质量输送

分析和计算了吕宋海峡PR21断面最近海洋调查的部分CTD资料和ADCP资料,再一次证明吕宋海峡常年存在纬向流。但对于天气尺度而言,该流型是多变的。根据高分辨率的海洋环流数值模式4a(1992～1996年)海平面高度(SSH)的输出值,运用地转关系估计了吕宋海峡纬向流的月平均值。研究表明;通过海峡流入、流出南海纬向流的深度一般达到500m左右,200m以上流速较大,平均流速为50cm/s,最大时达80cm/s以上。500m以下的纬向地转流流速较小,通常小于10cm/s.由大洋进入海峡的入流位置位于海峡的中部和南部,月平均入流最大值出现在11月,为50cm/s.位于海峡的北部和南部上层海洋的月平均出流,最大流速亦出现在11月,也为50cm/s,这与秋季北赤道流分叉位置最北(15°N),春季分叉位置最南(14°N)有关。上层流入、流出海峡的流量的月平均值分别约为10×106m3/s和5×106m3/s.当东北季风盛行时(从10月到翌年2月),流入海峡的流量远大于流出海峡的流量,两者的差可达8×106m3/s,而在其他季节两者的差仅为3×106m3/s.这说明东北季风盛行时,会有较多的水从南海南？