全文获取类型
收费全文 | 8555篇 |
免费 | 2009篇 |
国内免费 | 3569篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 503篇 |
大气科学 | 5485篇 |
地球物理 | 1457篇 |
地质学 | 2916篇 |
海洋学 | 1686篇 |
天文学 | 126篇 |
综合类 | 599篇 |
自然地理 | 1361篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 81篇 |
2023年 | 226篇 |
2022年 | 391篇 |
2021年 | 499篇 |
2020年 | 515篇 |
2019年 | 583篇 |
2018年 | 465篇 |
2017年 | 480篇 |
2016年 | 505篇 |
2015年 | 550篇 |
2014年 | 722篇 |
2013年 | 742篇 |
2012年 | 752篇 |
2011年 | 701篇 |
2010年 | 552篇 |
2009年 | 652篇 |
2008年 | 547篇 |
2007年 | 723篇 |
2006年 | 565篇 |
2005年 | 530篇 |
2004年 | 442篇 |
2003年 | 372篇 |
2002年 | 319篇 |
2001年 | 315篇 |
2000年 | 278篇 |
1999年 | 272篇 |
1998年 | 254篇 |
1997年 | 180篇 |
1996年 | 150篇 |
1995年 | 153篇 |
1994年 | 138篇 |
1993年 | 126篇 |
1992年 | 75篇 |
1991年 | 66篇 |
1990年 | 44篇 |
1989年 | 36篇 |
1988年 | 40篇 |
1987年 | 15篇 |
1986年 | 9篇 |
1985年 | 19篇 |
1984年 | 12篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 7篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1954年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
42.
Seasonal Variation of the East Asian Subtropical Westerly Jet and Its Association with the Heating Field over East Asia 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The structure and seasonal variation of the East Asian Subtropical Westerly Jet (EAWJ) and associations with heating fields over East Asia are examined by using NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data. Obvious differences exist in the westerly jet intensity and location in different regions and seasons due to the ocean-land distribution and seasonal thermal contrast, as well as the dynamic and thermodynamic impacts of the Tibetan Plateau. In winter, the EAWJ center is situated over the western Pacific Ocean and the intensity is reduced gradually from east to west over the East Asian region. In summer, the EAWJ center is located over the north of the Tibetan Plateau and the jet intensity is reduced evidently compared with that in winter. The EAWJ seasonal evolution is characterized by the obvious longitudinal inconsistency of the northward migration and in-phase southward retreat of the EAWJ axis. A good correspondence between the seasonal variations of EAWJ and the meridional differences of air temperature (MDT) in the mid-upper troposphere demonstrates that the MDT is the basic reason for the seasonal variation of EAWJ. Correlation analyses indicate that the Kuroshio Current region to the south of Japan and the Tibetan Plateau are the key areas for the variations of the EAWJ intensities in winter and in summer, respectively. The strong sensible and latent heating in the Kuroshio Current region is closely related to the intensification of EAWJ in winter. In summer, strong sensible heating in the Tibetan Plateau corresponds to the EAWJ strengthening and southward shift, while the weak sensible heating in the Tibetan Plateau is consistent with the EAWJ weakening and northward migration. 相似文献
43.
WU Yongfu & XU Jiyao Laboratory for Space Weather Center for Space Science Applied Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(10)
Gravity waves play a significant role in establishing the large-scale circulation and structure of the middle atmosphere. Through gravity wave saturation proc-esses, such motions are believed to cause turbulence, resulting in divergence of momentum flux and the diffusion of heat and constituents in the meso-sphere[1,2]. The mechanisms that contribute signifi-cantly to the gravity wave saturation are thought to be the dynamical and convective instabilities[3]. However, it is difficult to distin… 相似文献
44.
The seasonal and interannual variations of Beijing urban heat island (UHI) are investigated in this paper using the temperature data from 1960 to 2000 at 20 meteorological stations in the Beijing region, and then the relationship between the intensity and spatial scale of UHI and Beijing urbanization indices is analyzed and discussed. Main conclusions are the followings. First, Beijing UHI shows obvious seasonal variations, and it is strongest in winter, next in spring and autumn, and least in summer. The seasonal variation of the UHI mainly occurs in the urban area. The UHI intensity at the center of Beijing is more than 0.8℃ in winter, and only 0.5℃ in summer. Second, the intensity of Beijing HUI exhibits a clear interannual warming trend with its mean growth rate (MGR) being 0.3088℃/10 a. The MGR of HUI is largest in winter, next in spring and autumn, and least in summer, and the urban temperature increase makes a major contribution to the growth of HUI intensity. Third, since the Reform and Opening, the urbanization indices have grown several ten times or even one hundred times, the intensity of HUI has increased dramatically, and its spatial scale also expanded distinctively along with the expansion of urban architectural complexes. Fourth, the interannual variation of urbanization indices is very similar with that of HUI intensity, and their linear correlation coefficients are significant at a more than 0.001 confidence level. 相似文献
45.
XU Jianming XU Xiangde LIU Yu DING Guoan CHEN Huailiang HU Jiangkai ZHANG Jianchun WU Hao LI Weiliang HE Jinhai YANG Yuanqin WANG Jiahe 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(Z2)
Based on analysis of the air pollution observational data at 8 observation sites in Beijing including outer suburbs during the period from September 2004 to March 2005, this paper reveals synchronal and in-phase characteristics in the spatial and temporal variation of air pollutants on a city-proper scale at deferent sites; describes seasonal differences of the pollutant emission influence between the heating and non-heating periods, also significantly local differences of the pollutant emission influence between the urban district and outer suburbs, i.e. the spatial and temporal distribution of air pollutant is closely related with that of the pollutant emission intensity. This study shows that due to complexity of the spatial and temporal distribution of pollution emission sources, the new generation Community Multi-scale Air Quality (CMAQ) model developed by the EPA of USA produced forecasts, as other models did, with a systematic error of significantly lower than observations, albeit the model has better capability than previous models had in predicting the spatial distribution and variation tendency of multi-sort pollutants. The reason might be that the CMAQ adopts average amount of pollutant emission inventory, so that the model is difficult to objectively and finely describe the distribution and variation of pollution emission sources intensity on different spatial and temporal scales in the areas, in which the pollution is to be forecast. In order to correct the systematic prediction error resulting from the average pollutant emission inventory in CMAQ, this study proposes a new way of combining dynamics and statistics and establishes a statistically correcting model CMAQ-MOS for forecasts of regional air quality by utilizing the relationship of CMAQ outputs with corresponding observations, and tests the forecast capability. The investigation of experiments presents that CMAQ-MOS reduces the systematic errors of CMAQ because of the uncertainty of pollution emission inventory and improves the forecast level of air quality. Also this work employed a way of combining point and area forecasting, i.e. taking the products of CMAQ for a center site to forecast air pollution for other sites in vicinity with the scheme of model products "reanalysis" and average over the "area". 相似文献
46.
This paper presents a detailed account of the effect of shipping activity on the increasing trends of air temperatures in the Canadian Arctic region for the period of 1980–2018. Increasing trend of temperature has gained significant attention with respect to shipping activities and sea ice area in the Canadian Arctic. Temperature, sea ice area and shipping traffic datasets were investigated, and simple linear regression analyses were conducted to predict the rate of change(per decade) of the average temperature, considering winter(January) and summer(July) seasons. The results indicate that temperature generally increased over the studied region. Significant warming trend was observed during July, with an increase of up to 1℃, for the Canadian Arctic region. Such increasing trend of temperature was observed during July from the lower to higher latitudes. The increase in temperature during July is speculated to increase the melting of ice. Results also show a decline in sea ice area has a significant positive effect on the shipping traffic, and the numbers of marine vessel continue to increase in the region. The increase in temperature causes the breaking of sea ice due to shipping activities over northern Arctic Canada. 相似文献
47.
GM4型磁通门磁力仪性能检验方法 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
目前,磁通门磁力仪广泛应用于观测地球磁场相对变化的仪器。相对于应用,仪器的性能测试不为人们所熟悉。本文针对GM4型磁通门磁力仪的噪声特性,频率特性,线性度,温度特性等关键性能指标的测试依据、测试方法及流程给予详细的阐述。 相似文献
48.
49.
广西中短期极端温度客观预报方法研究 总被引:5,自引:4,他引:1
利用欧洲中心(ECMWF)数值预报产品和常规资料,应用MOS预报方法和多元线性回归技术,研究建立了广西90个站1~7d的最高、最低温度预报方程,试报检验效果较好,预报结果在大多数情况下是可用的或是可参考的,为业务提供了有效的省级客观预报指导产品,对误差特点进行了分析并提出了改进方法。 相似文献
50.
近42年雅鲁藏布江中游四季气温变化特征分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用 1957~ 1998年雅鲁藏布江中游拉萨、日喀则、泽当、江孜 4个站各月平均气温资料 ,通过线性趋势估计和多项式函数拟合分析了该流域春、夏、秋、冬 4季气温长期趋势变化和周期变化 ,并利用滑动T检验等方法讨论了气温突变的问题。结果表明 :在过去 4 2年里 ,雅鲁藏布江中游地区各季气温均有明显的上升趋势 ,其中冬春季增温显著 ,80年代初沿江四季气温除秋季外都出现了明显的增温突变 相似文献