东南亚10°—25°N,105°—130°E海区热带风暴异常路径的分析

本文４１ａ（１９４９－１９８９年）的资料，对东南亚１０°－２５°Ｎ，１０５°－１３０°Ｅ范围７－９月出现的热带风暴异常路长进行了普查统计和气候分析。结果表明：产生异常路径热风暴的机率约占区域内热带风暴总数的２０％；异常路径的产生与热带风暴所处的地理位置，季节，环下等因素有关。正确地考虑气候规律和具体的天气条件相结合是预报带式风暴异常路径成败的关键。     

底部浮泥表层推移速度分布的ADCP—GPS估测方法

ADCP对底跟踪走航观测的流速数据中包含水体底部浮泥、底沙运动信息,对比GPS定位方法算出的水体流速数据可以分离出浮泥相对于GPS定位的运动信号,从而达到对底质推移观测的目的。     

9012号热带气旋维持的卫星云图和垂直结构特征分析

本文根据卫星云图的演变和常规天气分析相结合，对9012号热带气旋登陆后维持水消的成因进行了分析。指出该热带气旋经久不消的重要原因为其西南侧对流云团和东北侧高空槽前对流云带与热带气旋云系相衔接在中低层东北气流引导下卷入，热带气旋内部的两条云带的维持，以及利有的环流条件。     

Primary production in the eastern tropical Pacific: A review

The eastern tropical Pacific includes 28 million km² of ocean between 23.5°N and S and Central/South America and 140°W, and contains the eastern and equatorial branches of the north and South Pacific subtropical gyres plus two equatorial and two coastal countercurrents. Spatial patterns of primary production are in general determined by supply of macronutrients (nitrate, phosphate) from below the thermocline. Where the thermocline is shallow and intersects the lighted euphotic zone, biological production is enhanced. In the eastern tropical Pacific thermocline depth is controlled by three interrelated processes: a basin-scale east/west thermocline tilt, a basin-scale thermocline shoaling at the gyre margins, and local wind-driven upwelling. These processes regulate supply of nutrient-rich subsurface waters to the euphotic zone, and on their basis we have divided the eastern tropical Pacific into seven main regions. Primary production and its physical and chemical controls are described for each.Enhanced rates of macronutrient supply maintains levels of primary production in the eastern tropical Pacific above those of the oligotrophic subtropical gyres to the north and south. On the other hand lack of the micronutrient iron limits phytoplankton growth (and nitrogen fixation) over large portions of the open-ocean eastern tropical Pacific, depressing rates of primary production and resulting in the so-called high nitrate-low chlorophyll condition. Very high rates of primary production can occur in those coastal areas where both macronutrients and iron are supplied in abundance to surface waters. In these eutrophic coastal areas large phytoplankton cells dominate; conversely, in the open-ocean small cells are dominant. In a ‘shadow zone’ between the subtropical gyres with limited subsurface ventilation, enough production sinks and decays to produce anoxic and denitrified waters which spread beneath very large parts of the eastern tropical Pacific.Seasonal cycles are weak over much of the open-ocean eastern tropical Pacific, although several eutrophic coastal areas do exhibit substantial seasonality. The ENSO fluctuation, however, is an exceedingly important source of interannual variability in this region. El Niño in general results in a depressed thermocline and thus reduced rates of macronutrient supply and primary production. The multi-decadal PDO is likely also an important source of variability, with the ‘El Viejo’ phase of the PDO resulting in warmer and lower nutrient and productivity conditions similar to El Niño.On average the eastern tropical Pacific is moderately productive and, relative to Pacific and global means, its productivity and area are roughly equivalent. For example, it occupies about 18% of the Pacific Ocean by area and accounts for 22–23% of its productivity. Similarly, it occupies about 9% of the global ocean and accounts for 10% of its productivity. While representative, these average values obscure very substantial spatial and temporal variability that characterizes the dynamics of this tropical ocean.     

2003年西北太平洋热带气旋活动特征分析

本文综述了2003年西北太平洋上热带气旋活动特征，并对西北太平洋副热带高压特征量及赤道东太平洋海温与常年进行比较和相关分析，从而找出2003年西北太平洋热带气旋活动特征的成因。     

"莫拉克"强热带风暴暴雨分析

本文利用天气学分析、物理量诊断、卫星云图及雷达回波分析等方法对0309号强热带风暴“莫拉克”(MORAKOT)暴雨过程进行分析研究。结果表明，在这次暴雨过程中，西南季风的发展和冷空气的侵入作用十分突出，二者共同作用，造成热带风暴“莫拉克”外围云系的增幅发展，从而促进暴雨的发生发展。850hPa较大的正涡度、700hPa较明显的垂直上升运动、以及热带低压东南侧较大的压能梯度都对暴雨的形成和发展起到一定作用。卫星云图、雷达回波图上也比较清楚地揭示这次暴雨形成和发展的演变过程。     

A review of eastern tropical Pacific oceanography: Summary

The collection of articles in this volume reviewing eastern tropical Pacific oceanography is briefly summarized, and updated references are given. The region is an unusual biological environment as a consequence of physical characteristics and patterns of forcing – including a strong and shallow thermocline, the ITCZ and coastal wind jets, equatorial upwelling, the Costa Rica Dome, eastern boundary and equatorial current systems, low iron input, inadequate ventilation of subthermocline waters, and dominance of ENSO-scale temporal variability. Remaining unanswered questions are presented.     

东亚岛弧地形横剖面与板块运动

通过对东亚岛弧横剖面形态的系统分析，并结合弧前的构造应力的分析，作者认为，东亚岛弧形成于板块东移的构造环境中，横剖面形态存在两种基本类型即内缓外陡型和内陡外缓型，这两种不同的横剖面具有不同的弧前应力，前者表现弧前挤压，后者表现弧前引张，这反映地貌形态与构造应力之间的密切关系。     

Sediment Deposition and Resuspension in Mouth Bar Area of the Yangtze Estuary

—A comprehensive analysis is conducted based on observations on topography.tidal current.salinity.suspended sediment and bed load during the years of 1982.1983.1988.1989.1996 and 1997 in theYangtze Estuary.Results show that the deformation of tidal waves is distinct and the sand carrying capaci-ty is large within the mouth bar due to strong tidal currents and large volume of incoming water and sedi-ments.Owing to both temporal and spatial variation of tidal current.deposition and erosion are extremelyactive.In general a change of up to 0.1 m of bottom sediments takes place during a tidal period.The maxi-mum siltation and erosion are around 0.2 m in a spring to neap tides cycle.The riverbed is silted duringflood when there is heavy sediment load.eroded during dry season when sediment load is low.The annualaverage depth of crosion and siltation on the riverbed is around 0.6 m.In particular cases.it may increaseto 1.4 m to 2.4 m at some locations.