高烈度区连续梁桥的减震设计方法研究

本文以高烈度区的某三跨连续梁桥为例，分别采用基础隔震和消能减震两种措施进行结构的减震分析；针对隔震结构减震效果好但主梁位移过大的特点，提出了在采用铅芯橡胶隔震支座的同时设置粘滞阻尼器的减震方案，其非线性时程分析结果表明，该方案能有效地降低结构的地震反应，可供工程实践参考。     

H_∞ drift control of time-delayed seismic structures

In this paper,an optimal H∞ control algorithm was applied to the design of an active tendon system installed at the first story of a multi-story building to reduce its interstory drift due to earthquake excitations.To achieve optimal control performance and to guarantee the stability of the control system,an optimum strategy to select control parameters γ and α was developed.Analytical expressions of the upper and the lower bounds of γ and α were obtained for a single degree-of-freedom system with state fee...     

Progress in the Development of Control Strategies for the SBR Process

The sequencing batch reactor (SBR) process has shown great success in the treatment of industrial wastewater from intermittent discharge factories and for the treatment of domestic wastewater from medium or small towns. As automation technology has developed, many studies have been conducted to determine the optimal conditions for the SBR process. This review outlines the progress and application of control strategies that have been developed for the SBR process and provides a summary and comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of various control strategies, especially fixed‐time control strategies and various real‐time control strategies. Moreover, an analysis and discussion of novel optimal control methods for biologic nutrient removal are provided. Although previous studies in this field have greatly enriched our understanding of SBR systems, it is clear that many unsolved problems remain. Therefore, a summary of unanswered questions regarding control strategies for the SBR process is provided and future research directions are suggested.     

基于时序InSAR的东营地区地表沉降研究

黄河携带大量泥沙入海,河口三角洲覆盖20~50m厚的沉积层。沉积层的自然压实导致该地区的地表沉降。此外,黄河三角洲油气资源的开发和地下水的开采也加速地表的下陷。InSAR作为一种有效的空间大地测量工具,可以提供几十公里范围内的高精度地表形变场。时序InSAR技术在多幅雷达影像组成的干涉网络基础上,识别永久散射体(PS)等雷达回波信噪比高的像素。与传统的InSAR技术相比,时序InSAR技术削弱雷达影像去相干效应的影响,实现长期的形变序列提取。文中利用两组雷达影像:19幅ERS卫星1992年12月至1996年1月的SAR影像,17幅ENVISAT卫星2003年5月至2008年3月的SAR影像。影像主要覆盖山东省东营市及其周边部分区域。结果显示,东营地区存在每年15mm以上的地表沉陷,该地区的地表沉降与油气开采活动有关。     

空中目标探测系统信号处理增益分析

针对利用全球导航卫星反射信号(GNSS-R)进行空中目标探测时,信号微弱无法可靠接收的问题,该文提出了一种计算信号处理增益的方法。通过合理设置信号处理算法参数,保证了对微弱信号的后续处理。首先对GNSS-R信号接收链路进行了分析,计算得到了当目标的雷达散射截面(RCS)变化时对应的目标回波功率范围;然后对空中目标上升、平飞和下降三种飞行状态双基地雷达系统几何模型进行了研究,给出了3种飞行状态下对应的有效探测时间,为接收机后续相干/非相干累加算法的处理时间提供阈值限制;最后在阈值范围内,选定合适相关时间,分析了经过相干/非相干累加处理后的反射信号输出信噪比范围。结果表明:在有效探测时间的限制下,相关处理时间取0.6s时,处理后的信噪比在10dB左右,满足一般码跟踪环所需的门限要求,可以保证接收机后续数据处理的顺利进行。     

Improving the inverse compensation method for real‐time hybrid simulation through a dual compensation scheme

Real‐time hybrid simulation combines experimental testing of physical substructure(s) and numerical simulation of analytical substructure(s), and thus enables the complete structural system to be considered during an experiment. Servo‐hydraulic actuators are typically used to apply the command displacements to the physical substructure(s). Inaccuracy and instability can occur during a real‐time hybrid simulation if the actuator delay due to servo‐hydraulic dynamics is not properly compensated. Inverse compensation is a means to negate actuator delay due to inherent servo‐hydraulic actuator dynamics during a real‐time hybrid simulation. The success of inverse compensation requires the use of a known accurate value for the actuator delay. The actual actuator delay however may not be known before the simulation. An estimation based on previous experience has to be used, possibly leading to inaccurate experimental results. This paper presents a dual compensation scheme to improve the performance of the inverse compensation method when an inaccurately estimated actuator delay is used in the method. The dual compensation scheme modifies the predicted displacement from the inverse compensation procedure using the actuator tracking error. Frequency response analysis shows that the dual compensation scheme enables the inverse compensation method to compensate for actuator delay over a range of frequencies when an inaccurately estimated actuator delay is utilized. Real‐time hybrid simulations of a single‐degree‐of‐freedom system with an elastomeric damper are conducted to experimentally demonstrate the effectiveness of the dual compensation scheme. Exceptional experimental results are shown to be achieved using the dual compensation scheme without the knowledge of the actual actuator delay a priori. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

火山岩地震屏蔽层的转换波叠前时间偏移成像

在反射地震转换波资料处理中,准确求取共转换点一直是一个难题,采用叠前时间偏移技术能避免共转换点道集的抽取,而且能够使转换波归位到真正的反射点上,实现准确成像.本文针对火山岩地震屏蔽层的转换波成像问题,通过对转换波共近似转换点道集进行速度分析,建立了转换波叠前时间偏移的初始速度场,通过速度扫描和纵、横波速度比值扫描确定最佳的偏移速度场和纵、横波速度比值,实现了在火山岩高速层覆盖区域的转换波偏移成像.实际资料的成像结果表明,本文采用的近似转换点计算以及转换波叠前时间偏移方法是有效的.     

降雨对路堤斜坡稳定性影响的时间效应

以某高速公路填筑试验路堤为例,基于非饱和土渗透及强度理论,采用渗流场与应力场、稳定性计算耦合的方法,对两种不同透水特性的路堤在降雨过程中孔隙水压力和稳定性系数随时间变化的特点及规律进行较为深入的探讨。结果表明,（1）透水性能较好的路堤斜坡下部降雨入渗要强于斜坡上部,透水性能较差的路堤斜坡,雨水往往以近似于均匀的形式入渗;（2）透水能力强的路堤斜坡在短暂的超强降雨或者强度较低但持续时间超长的降雨过程中,其最小稳定性系数易于出现滞后现象,一般滞后0.5～3 d,透水能力差的路堤斜坡最小稳定性系数有显著滞后特点,一般滞后7～15 d;（3）总降雨量一定、雨强大于等于50 mm/d条件下透水能力强斜坡能达到的最小稳定性系数随降雨时间增长而降低,而透水能力差的斜坡最小稳定性系数受雨强和降雨时间共同影响。     

参考框架选取对连续GPS网测站坐标时间序列分析结果的影响

针对中国大陆构造环境监测网络（CMONOC）坐标时间序列分析,研究选取3种不同空间尺度的参考框架以及考虑不同相似转换参数对测站速度场、年周期项及残差时间序列的影响。结果表明,对于中国大陆这样大范围、长时间连续观测的GPS网,采用全球框架坐标时间序列分析结果更加稳定,对转换参数选择不太敏感;但采用区域框架,特别是接近研究区域的小区域框架能够反映出更显著的区域形变特征,对于进一步研究其动力学机制是有利的。     

可达性研究动态及测算模型修订

可达性在地理、交通、经济、规划等学科领域的应用日益广泛,但其概念和测算方法仍在不断的探讨之中。通过考察可达性的概念及其有关的研究动态,将可达性定义为空间网络中其他节点的某种流量借助某种交通方式抵达目标节点的难易程度。对5种主要的可达性模型进行比较,将交通站点通勤频次引入基于加权最短旅行时间的可达性模型,提出一个修订的可达性测算模型。运用全国168个地级及以上城市2011年的数据,对未修订和修订的可达性模型的测算结果进行分析对比,修订的可达性模型更能真实地反映可达性信息。