壤中气汞量测量方法综述

回顾了壤中气汞量测量的发展历史，介绍了适用于壤中气汞量测量的原子吸收测汞仪和金膜测汞仪的工作原理，优缺点及测量方法，指出了影响壤中气汞异常的因素和应采取的对策。     

地震电磁卫星载荷及现状

系统介绍了法国DEMETER电磁卫星搭载的电场测量仪、磁场测量仪、离子分析仪和高能粒子探测仪的科学目的、简单的工作原理、观测模式以及观测的物理量.同时介绍了国际现有运行的地震电磁卫星搭载的观测仪器,对空间－地面电磁观测系统进行了简要的讨论.这些资料将为我国地震电磁卫星计划的实施提供参考.     

激光粒度仪转速对河流砂质沉积物测量的影响

激光粒度仪是沉积物粒度测量中常用的仪器,通过对河流沉积物的粒度测量发现,激光粒度仪的转速会影响粒度测量结果。实验结果表明:被测样品的颗粒易受撞击而破碎,激光粒度仪转速对样品遮光度有影响;转速太大会使大颗粒的破碎严重,转速太小又会导致样品颗粒不能均匀分散于溶液中,综合分析得出河流砂质沉积物应用Mastersizer 2000激光粒度仪测量的较适宜转速为1 900~2 000 r/min左右,且不宜加超声波震荡。     

多参数X荧光测量现场地球化学勘查金矿技术研究与应用

两种微机化携带式Ｘ荧光仪器已经研制成功,它们可以在现场同时测量２至６个元素,获得勘查金矿的多种参数。将Ｘ荧光测量原理与金矿地球化学理论相结合,本文建立了多参数Ｘ荧光测量现场勘查金矿技术。这种技术由携带式Ｘ荧光仪器多元素测试技术,资料整理与异常评价方法构成。由于现场Ｘ荧光测量不仅捕获金的地球化学指示元素,也获取构造与蚀变信息,大大提高了找矿的成功率。     

BJKF-1型便携式近红外矿物分析仪在宝玉石鉴定中的应用

将国产便携式近红外矿物分析仪引入宝玉石无损伤鉴定。通过实测图谱比对,就矿物的近红外光漫反射光谱特征,对主要宝玉石品种的可鉴别性进行分析;对翡翠等作为多矿物集合体表现出的近红外光谱特点及翡翠A货、B货、C货的可区分性亦作了初步分析。实测结果表明,利用易于普及的BJKF-1型近红外矿物分析仪在波长1 300~2 500 nm的近红外测量区域内对黄玉、绿柱石、电气石等部分宝石类,透闪石、叶蜡石、蛇纹石、硬玉等大部分玉石类样品开展日常检测工作,有广阔的应用前景。     

Laboratory application of laser grain-size analyzer in determining suspended sediment concentration

Suspended sediment concentration （SSC） is an important parameter in marine sedimentology. With the development of technology, many acoustic and optical devices, such as the Laser In-Situ Scattering and Transmissometry, have been designed to meas-ure in situ SSC and grain size distribution. But due to fund or other restrictions, many experiments were only conducted in laboratory, using an indoor laser grain-size analyzer and gravimetric method to measure grain size distribution and concentration, respectively. In this study the laboratory experiment is simplified by omitting the tiring step of gravimetric method. The connections between SSC and other parameters （obscuration, D50 and sorting index） were investigated based on 124 surface sediment samples collected from different offshore areas. A new method is developed for determining SSC in laboratory using a laser grain-size analyzer.     

日本本州东海岸附近海域9．0级地震前地应力异常

2011年3月¨目日本本州东海岸附近海域9．0级特大地震发生前,中国辐射防护研究院地震台PYL-3型高精度地应力仪记录的地震前,应力短期异常、临震异常情况,并作初步分析与研究。     

RG-BS智能数字测汞仪与XG-5Z塞曼测汞仪同步观测对比分析

利用RG-BS型智能数字测汞仪,与XG-5Z型塞曼测汞仪对下关温泉水汞含量进行为期1年的同步观测实验,从仪器的整体结构、工作原理、技术指标参数以及同步观测结果等方面进行对比,认为两台仪器一致性比较好,能够正确反映地下水中汞含量的真实变化。该结果可供地下流体学科相关工作人员参考。     

Consequences of Uncertainties in CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> Density for Estimating Net Ecosystem CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> Exchange by Open-path Eddy Covariance

Errors in the estimation of CO₂ surface exchange by open-path eddy covariance, introduced during the removal of density terms [Webb et al. Quart J Roy Meteorol Soc 106:85–100, (1980) - WPL], can happen both because of errors in energy fluxes [Liu et al. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 120:65–85, (2006)] but also because of inaccuracies in other terms included in the density corrections, most notably due to measurements of absolute CO₂ density (ρ _c ). Equations are derived to examine the propagation of all errors through the WPL algorithm. For an open-path eddy covariance system operating in the Sierra de Gádor in south-east Spain, examples are presented of the inability of an unattended, open-path infrared gas analyzer (IRGA) to reliably report ρ _c and the need for additional instrumentation to determine calibration corrections. A sensitivity analysis shows that relatively large and systematic errors in net ecosystem exchange (NEE) can result from uncertainties in ρ _c in a semi-arid climate with large sensible heat fluxes (H _s ) and (wet) mineral deposition. When ρ_c is underestimated by 5% due to lens contamination, this implies a 13% overestimation of monthly CO₂ uptake.     

基于线性放电法的多道脉冲幅度分析器设计

多道伽马能谱仪是天然、人工放射性核素测定的必备设备,多道脉冲幅度分析是多道伽马能谱仪的核心,它决定了对核素的分辨能力和分析精度.本文从线性放电法入手,首先介绍了基于线性放电法的多道脉冲幅度分析器的工作原理,给出了分析脉冲幅度和获取能谱道址的方法;其次围绕分析器的8个重要组成部分,详细描述了设计方法,给出了设计依据、设计...