Voxler平台在煤矿富水性勘查中的三维可视化应用

煤矿安全是全国安全生产工作的重中之重,特别是近年来煤矿水害时有发生,我国煤矿水文地质条件较为复杂,地表水、老空水、冲积层水和顶板水等各种类型的水害俱全,无论是受水威胁的面积、类型,还是受水害威胁的严重程度,都为世界罕见。瞬变电磁法在煤矿富水性的勘探中已得到广泛应用,但对于结果的解释仍处于二维水平,往往是先在断面图上圈定异常体的范围,再根据相对的位置关系落到平面图上进行解释,因此对于异常体的空间分布描述较差,存在一定的局限性。本文结合山西某煤矿富水性勘查中瞬变电磁法的实测数据,利用Voxler平台从三维数据的整合、三维模型的建立、模型的地形校正及白化等关键点进行了研究,绘制了三维视电阻率模型,展示了异常体的空间分布形态,使成果更为直观、立体,从而更好的指导煤矿的安全生产。     

伊拉克H油田Mishrif组生物碎屑类型及对储层物性的控制作用

正白垩系Mishrif组生物碎屑灰岩是伊拉克H油田的重要产层,生物碎屑主要是有壳类碎屑(田泽普等,2016;王昱翔等,2017)。由于缺乏各类生物碎屑成分及成岩过程中的差异性分析,对生物碎屑灰岩储层物性的控制机理研究不够深入,限制了对该类储层的认识及高效开发。本文基于岩心观察、铸体薄片及常规物性等资料,开展伊拉克H油田Mishrif组的生物碎屑类型、成岩特征及储层物     

致密储集层压裂液与致密砂岩相互作用研究

致密油水平井多级分段压裂对压裂液的用量很大,低返排率造成压裂施工后仍有大量压裂液滞留在裂缝中。通过岩石表面润湿性评价实验和压裂液静滤失评价实验,对压裂液与致密砂岩基质相互作用进行描述和阐释。润湿性测量结果表明,在滤失实验后,致密砂岩表面润湿性由强亲水性向弱亲水性甚至中性润湿转变,这能够降低压裂液向致密砂岩基质中的滤失（渗吸）速率,减少压裂液对致密储层伤害的同时节约压裂液整体用量。静滤失评价实验结果表明,特低渗透砂岩的压裂液滤失曲线可表现出完整的三段式滤失规律,而致密砂岩仅能呈现稳定滤失阶段;岩心渗透率越低,压裂液滤失量越少,达到稳定滤失状态所需的时间越长,且采出液中聚合物浓度明显较低;不同滤失压差时达到滤失稳定时刻的采出液聚合物浓度均在200 mg/L左右,且滤失速率基本相同,均表明大滤失压差所造成的渗滤能力增强与其所导致的岩心伤害基本相抵消。     

加筋土挡墙静动力学特性大模型试验研究

为了研究加筋土挡墙在交通荷载作用下的受力变形特性,分别设计了在静载和动载作用下的加筋土挡墙大模型试验,分析了加筋土挡墙的竖向土压力、挡墙面板变形、加载板沉降以及动力加速度等参数的分布规律。试验结果表明：静、动荷载作用下加筋土挡墙受振源荷载的水平影响范围约为0.16H～0.54H（H为墙高）,挡墙土压力均呈现水平方向上由振源中心向两侧减小的趋势;同时静动荷载下挡墙面板水平位移的主要影响范围为墙顶往下约为0.55H;加载前期加筋土挡墙内部结构是一个逐渐压密的过程,动荷载作用下加载板沉降量在整个逐级荷载值变化临界处随荷载值的增大呈斜坡“阶梯”式发展;筋土结构对加速度响应有着显著的消散作用,且随着离荷载作用点距离的增大而减小。     

Differential Characteristics of the Upper Ordovician-Lower Silurian Wufeng-Longmaxi Shale Reservoir and its Implications for Exploration and Development of Shale Gas in/around the Sichuan Basin

The Upper Ordovician Wufeng-Lower Silurian Longmaxi shale is widely distributed in the Sichuan Basin and its periphery, which is the key stratum for marine shale gas exploration and development(ED) in China. Based on sedimentary environment, material basis, storage space, fracability and reservoir evolution data, the reservoir characteristics of the Wufeng-Longmaxi shale and their significance for shale gas ED are systematically compared and analyzed in this paper. The results show that(1) the depocenter of the Wufeng(WF)-Longmaxi(LM) shale gradually migrates from east to west. The high-quality shale reservoirs in the eastern Sichuan Basin are mainly siliceous shales, which are primarily distributed in the graptolite shale interval of WF2-LM5. The high-quality reservoirs in the southern Sichuan Basin are mainly calcareous-siliceous and organic-rich argillaceous shales, which are distributed in the graptolite shale interval of WF2-LM7.(2) Deep shale gas(the burial depth 3500 m) in the Sichuan Basin has high-ultrahigh pressure and superior physical properties. The organic-rich siliceous, calcareous-siliceous and organic-rich argillaceous shales have suitable reservoir properties. The marginal area of the Sichuan Basin has a higher degree of pressure relief, which leads to the argillaceous and silty shales evolving into direct cap rocks with poor reservoir/good sealing capacity.(3) Combining shale gas exploration practices and impacts of lithofacies, depth, pressure coefficient and brittle-ductile transition on the reservoir properties, it is concluded that the favorable depth interval of the Wufeng-Longmaxi shale gas is 2200～4000 m under current technical conditions.(4) Aiming at the differential reservoir properties of the Wufeng-Longmaxi shale in the Sichuan Basin and its periphery, several suggestions for future research directions and ED of shale gas are formulated.     

基于直流电阻率法探测隧道上覆地层赋水性

浅层地下水可导致黄土覆盖区隧道淋水、变形,带来严重的安全隐患,为查明黄土覆盖区隧道上覆地层赋水性特征和导水通道,为后期水害治理和隧道维护提供重要依据。在研究区复杂探测环境下布置了4条直流电法勘探线,经过数据处理,将视电阻率拟断面图直接用于地质解释,发现电性剖面高电阻率区域与隧道位置吻合较反演断面图好;结合地质资料,查明了黄土地层富水区域,并指出了可疑导水通道。研究表明,视电阻率拟断面图可准确的进行地质解释,常规电阻率法勘探在探查黄土区隧道地层赋水性方面可以发挥重要的作用。     

A study on physical property of crustal ma—terial and seismogenic environment in northeastern Pamir

2-D crustal structure and velocity ratio are obtained by processing S-wave data from two wide-angle reflec-tion/refraction profiles in and around Jiashi in northeastern Pamir,with the result of P-wave data taken into con-sideration.The result shows that:1)Average crustal velocity ratio is obviously higher in Tarim block than in West Kunlun Mts.and Tianshan fold zone,which reflects its crustal physical property of “hardness“and stability.The relatively low but normal velocity ratio(Poisson‘s ratio)of the lower crust indicates that the “downward thrusting“ of Tarim basin is the main feature of crustal movement in this area.2)The rock layer in the upper crust of Tian-shan fold zone is relatively“soft“,which makes it prone to rupture and stress energy release.This is the primary tectonic factor for the concentration of small earthquakes in this area.3)Jiashi is located right over the apex or the inflection point of the updoming lower crustal interface C and the crust-mantle boundary,which is the deep struc-tural background for the occurrence of strong earthquakes.The alternate variation of vp/vs near the block bounda-ries and the complicated configuration of the interfaces in the upper and middle part of the upper crust form a par-ticular structural environment for the Jiashi strong earthquake swarm.vp/vs is comparatively high and shear modulus is low at the focal region,which may be the main reason for the low stress drop of the Jiashi strong earthquake swarm.     

A preliminary model for 3-D rheological structure of the lithosphere in North China

3-D rheological structure is mainly the spatial distribution of lithospheric strength or viscos-ity, its strength and viscosity are indispensable parameters in quantitative study of the lithosphere deformation. Plate tectonics theory initially divided the…     

海上某区二维地震多次波的识别和压制

多次波的识别和压制是陆上,特别是海洋地震勘探中需要解决的突出问题之一。首先结合某区二维深海地质资料,采用变偏移距叠加剖面、叠加速度谱、自相关分析和二维频率波数域等方法手段,对波场的特征、多次波的类型和性质进行了识别分析。然后,对于不同类型的多次波匹配地选择预测反褶积、频率波数域滤波和加权混波等方法加以压制。发挥各自方法的优点,实现了多种方法的整体综合优化,达到最大限度地压制多种类型多次波的目的。较好的实际压制效果表明上述工作思路和处理方法是有效可行的。     

基于WebGIS的城市财产保险洪灾损失评估研究

WebGIS是Internet技术与GIS技术相结合的产物。本项研究在WebGIS支持下,从洪涝灾害的成灾机理出发,针对保险公司对具体受灾体理赔的需求,提出了每个投保户洪灾损失率的计算方法,建立起基于WebGIS的城市财产保险洪涝灾害损失评估模型。结合广东省深圳城市洪灾数据进行模型验证。验证结果表明,WebGIS可以快速方便地进行投保户洪涝灾害损失评估,并对于各个投保户均能得到较好的精度。