Properties and organic activation of ocean clay in the East Pacific

In order to make use of ocean clay reasonably and excavate its potential applications the properties of ocean clay in Chinese investigating area of the East Pacific have been tested with the chemical analysis, XRFS, ICP/MAS, granulometry and SSA, etc. The results show that the clay sediments of this area are rich in clay minerals, fine granularity, bigger SSA, bigger water absorbability and lower ion changing ability etc. To improve the adaptability of ocean clay and macromolecule materials, using the dry milling method with silane, aluminate, stearic acid coupling agents etc the properties of ocean clay are improved. The effect has been evaluated by testing the water absorbing of the modified ocean clay and their dispersing in paraffin liquid. The result is that KH550 is better than any other active reagents, and the best activation technics is that 1.5 % （volume） of KH550 quantity, 20min of milling time. The DTA, XRD, SEM and IR analyses and SSA testing show that the organic activation can not change the mineral structure but can densify the structure of clay, and activation mechanism is chemical covered mainly and chemical combined secondly.     

海洋渔业资源过度利用的原因分析

海洋渔业对我国海洋经济的发展起着举足轻重的作用,但在海洋渔业迅速为我们创造巨大财富的同时,却遭到了掠夺性地捕捞,使海洋渔业资源陷入了日益枯竭的境地。通过分析后认为由于海洋渔业资源产权不明晰, 具有公共资源的性质,所以人们在对海洋渔业资源利用时会产生负的外部性和使用者之间的博弈行为,这成为海洋渔业资源过度利用的主要原因。     

Mountain Commons： Changing Space and Status at Community Levels in the Himalayas

This paper deals with the imperatives of nature-society interaction in the Himalayas as seen through CPR (Common Property Resources). It specifically looks at the process and factors that characterize the dynamics of the above interactions, with particular reference to the changing status and governance of CPRs at community levels. The paper puts together the synthesis of observations and inferences of different studies by ICIMOD and others in mountain regions, particularly in different parts of Nepal, India, Bhutan, Bangladesh, China and Pakistan. Rural CPRs (providing sustenance supplies and services) as an important component of a community’s natural resource base, manifest the institutional arrangements evolved by the communities to facilitate their adaptations to nature. The above process can be more clearly illustrated with reference to specific characteristics of mountain areas, called mountain specificities. However, over time, the situation of CPRs in terms of their extent and status, governance and management as well as contributions to community sustenance, has changed. The paper attempts toindicate potential lead lines for searching options for rehabilitation of CPRs, based on a closer under- standing of the factors contributing to their decline.     

歧口凹陷沙三段成岩作用对储层物性贡献率研究

为定量描述各种成岩作用对储层物性变化的影响,提出成岩综合系数(C),该系数由压实作用(α)、胶结作用(β)、溶蚀作用(γ)等3个成岩要素贡献率之和构成。通过对研究区大量岩芯薄片分析统计,经多元回归,建立各种成岩作用与孔隙度之间的关系式,得出它们对储层物性的贡献率,认为胶结作用是储层物性的主控因素。     

大港油田孔南地区上石盒子组碎屑岩储层物性控制因素

通过对储层物性数据资料的分析和整理,研究了孔南地区上石盒子组碎屑岩储集层特征及其控制因素。结果表明：研究区上石盒子组碎屑岩储层为低孔低渗储层,渗透率与孔隙度呈正相关性。储层孔隙的连通性好,属于孔隙型储层。孔隙类型以次生粒间溶孔为特征。晚成岩期,岩屑、填隙物、长石颗粒以及高岭石发生溶蚀,产生了大量的次生孔隙,改善了储层物性。沉积条件、压实作用、胶结作用和溶蚀作用是控制储层性质的主要因素。     

Cadastralizing or coordinating the clam commons: Can competing community and government visions of wild and farmed fisheries be reconciled?

This paper considers socio-political, ecological, and economic dimensions of local efforts to negotiate local control over state-sponsored development of clam aquaculture in one region of British Columbia, Canada. Aquaculture is conceptualized as a type of cadastralization, following James Scott's characterization of state efforts to make the productivity of landscapes more measurable for purposes of rent generation and taxation. The discussion invites a rethinking of community resistance to development as less about the notion of development itself than about the terms under which it occurs, since the community engages in its own form of cadastralization as a negotiating strategy. The concept of cadastralization enriches common property theory approaches to ownership and management by highlighting the key role of technological innovations in allowing global market forces to more easily penetrate local property relationships. At the same time it enables new forms of resistance and assertion of local visions of development.     

多羟基糖苷防塌剂的合成及性能研究

以淀粉为主要原料,合成了新型多羟基糖苷防塌剂DTG-1。对合成样品的理化性能、页岩抑制作用、水溶液活度、生物毒性以及对泥页岩半透膜膜效率的影响规律进行了测定,考察了DTG-1在淡水、盐水和饱和盐水钻井液中对钻井液流变性能和滤失造壁性能的影响,并对DTG-1稳定井壁及改善钻井液流型的作用机理进行了分析。研究表明,用淀粉合成的多羟基糖苷,具有一定的抑制泥页岩水化膨胀、分散和提高泥页岩的膜效率的作用,能有效降低钻井液的水活度,属于无毒、环保型钻井液处理剂;DTG-1对高密度钻井液具有很好的流型改善作用,用DTG-1配制的钻井液具有组成简单、流变性易调整、高温稳定性好、抗污染性强等特点。     

地理信息产权在地理信息共享中的地位

地理信息资源共享是随着人类文明的诞生而出现的,自古以来人们都在共享他人的信息.目前,地理信息共享主要指在信息技术与网络技术条件下地理信息的共享,它是一个复杂的交流工程,要解决技术、标准和管理等一系列的共享环境问题.地理信息共享涉及国家的经济、政治与军事等诸多领域.共享的根本目的是为最大程度地利用资源,其利用的基本途径有...     

带Hardy-Sobolev项的p-Laplace方程解的存在性

本文利用对称性临界点原理,在无界的柱形区域上,得到一类带Hardy-Sobolev项的p-Laplace方程的非平凡解的存在性。所得结果推广补充了已有的结论。     

无居民海岛可持续发展的法制保障研究

2009年《海岛保护法》的颁布是我国海洋法制建设史的里程碑。为实现无居民海岛的可持续发展,必须加强对无居民海岛的保护与管理,规范开发利用秩序。法制是无居民海岛可持续发展的重要保障,健全对无居民海岛的保护立法应结合《海岛保护法》的有关规定,进一步完善无居民海岛的权属制度,建立合理利用无居民海岛的法律制度。