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Because a conventional isolation system with constant isolation frequency is usually a long‐period dynamic system, its seismic response is likely to be amplified in earthquakes with strong long‐period wave components, such as near‐fault ground motions. Seismic isolators with variable mechanical properties may provide a promising solution to alleviate this problem. To this end, in this work sliding isolators with variable curvature (SIVC) were studied experimentally. An SIVC isolator is similar to a friction pendulum system (FPS) isolator, except that its sliding surface has variable curvature rather being spherical. As a result, the SIVC's isolation stiffness that is proportional to the curvature becomes a function of the isolator displacement. By appropriately designing the geometry of the sliding surface, the SIVC is able to possess favorable hysteretic behavior. In order to prove the applicability of the SIVC concept, several prototype SIVC isolators, whose sliding surfaces are defined by a sixth‐order polynomial function, were fabricated and tested in this study. A cyclic element test on the prototype SIVC isolators and a shaking table test on an SIVC isolated steel frame were all conducted. The results of both tests have verified that the prototype SIVC isolators do indeed have the hysteretic property of variable stiffness as prescribed by the derived formulas in this study. Moreover, it is also demonstrated that the proposed SIVC is able to effectively reduce the isolator drift in a near‐fault earthquake with strong long‐period components, as compared with that of an FPS system with the same friction coefficient. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
74.
Rapid urbanization coupled with increase in population growth rate in recent years has accelerated economic pressure on the ecological environment leading to a gradual deterioration of global and regional environment. This has particularly resulted into water contamination and shortage of water resources thus posing a great threat to human survival. How to guaranteeing sustainable use of basin water resources has attracted more and more attentions. The Heihe River Basin is the secondary longest river inland China and the significantly water source of Hexi Corridor, the problem of water pollution, ecological environment deterioration and the shortage of water has seriously threatened the ecological system of the Heihe River Basin. In this study, through depicting the characteristics of natural environment, human activities, water ecosystem services and other factors in Heihe River Basin we delineated the water ecological function in Heihe River using the principal components analysis and the K-means clustering method. In the study, Heihe River Basin is divided into 3 primary level areas and 8 secondary level sub-areas. Water ecological characteristics analysis showed that the spatial distribution of the water ecological function of Heihe River Basin was not uniform, which are mainly showed in three aspects, function of windproof and sand fixation, function of soil erosion prevention and function of water sources conservation. The results of this study can provide effective and scientific theoretical references for the integrated water sources management and the ecological function optimization of the Heihe River Basin. 相似文献
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在频率域,利用地震记录反卷积恢复地面运动,由于FFT运算导致的谱泄漏与系统传递函数对高频与低频的放大效果会导致地面运动恢复失败,本研究采用重叠加窗方式,可避免单一加窗的时域失真,并减小频域谱泄漏。结果表明,恢复地面运动取得了较好效果。 相似文献
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本文使用沿川滇块体东边界主要断裂带(安宁河、则木河、小江断裂带)布设的37个临时台站和四川区域台网14个固定台站记录的远震波形资料,用时间域迭代反褶积方法提取接收函数,采用接收函数H-κ反演方法得到了30个台站下方的地壳厚度和泊松比。研究结果表明,川滇块体东边界的地壳厚度表现为自西向东由60km左右向华南块体(35km左右)逐渐减薄的过渡带特征:以安宁河—大凉山断裂带为界,以西地壳厚度平均在54km左右,以东作为华南块体与川滇块体的交界前缘,地壳厚度在42~48km之间。以小江断裂带与则木河断裂带交汇处为界,其南北两侧的地壳岩性和组分差异明显。小江断裂带北段泊松比值在0.20~0.27之间,表明其地壳物质组分主要为中基性岩石。而以北的安宁河、则木河及马边—盐津断裂带的泊松比值大多位于0.27~0.32之间。安宁河—则木河断裂带附近多数台站的泊松比值0.30,可能是部分熔融造成的。 相似文献
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This study aims to develop a joint probability function of peak ground acceleration (PGA) and cumulative absolute velocity (CAV) for the strong ground motion data from Taiwan. First, a total of 40,385 earthquake time histories are collected from the Taiwan Strong Motion Instrumentation Program. Then, the copula approach is introduced and applied to model the joint probability distribution of PGA and CAV. Finally, the correlation results using the PGA‐CAV empirical data and the normalized residuals are compared. The results indicate that there exists a strong positive correlation between PGA and CAV. For both the PGA and CAV empirical data and the normalized residuals, the multivariate lognormal distribution composed of two lognormal marginal distributions and the Gaussian copula provides adequate characterization of the PGA‐CAV joint distribution observed in Taiwan. This finding demonstrates the validity of the conventional two‐step approach for developing empirical ground motion prediction equations (GMPEs) of multiple ground motion parameters from the copula viewpoint. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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许模 《地质灾害与环境保护》1996,(2)
本文讨论了复杂地质环境中渗流场的反分析问题,利用地下水流数值模拟结合最优化技术,通过对地下渗流场的模拟和寻优,求得描述地下含水介质非稳定渗流场的重要参位──渗透系数和给水度的模型解,并应用于各向同性的多孔介质渗流场反分析实例中。 相似文献
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