水泥偏高岭土复合稳定粉砂土渗透特性试验研究

水泥稳定粉砂土抗渗性能受粉砂土自身渗透性能、水泥用量、水灰比等因素影响显著,如何在提升其抗渗性能的同时降低水泥用量是提升工程经济效益的关键。通过开展不同水泥偏高岭土掺比、初始用水量、水泥偏高岭土总掺量以及养护龄期条件下的室内渗透试验,研究了上述因素对水泥偏高岭土复合稳定粉砂土抗渗性能的影响规律,探讨了上述因素及无侧限抗压强度与渗透系数之间的经验关系。结果表明：水泥与偏高岭土掺比为5:1时,水泥偏高岭土复合稳定粉砂土抗渗性能最佳,且该掺比不随水泥偏高岭土总掺量的改变而变化;水泥偏高岭土复合稳定粉砂土渗透系数随初始用水量增加呈非线性递增,随水泥偏高岭土总掺量增加和养护龄期发展呈先快后慢降低;基于试验结果归纳提出了4个关于初始用水量、水泥偏高岭土总掺量、养护龄期和无侧限抗压强度的水泥偏高岭土复合稳定粉砂土渗透系数经验模型。研究成果可为水泥稳定粉砂土抗渗性能提升提供理论参考与借鉴。     

Stabilization of Bottom Hole Temperature With Finite Circulation Time and Fluid Flow

As an alternative to finite element or finite difference modelling, analytical solutions are derived by the method of Laplace transformation and numerical results obtained for several models of the bottom hole temperature stabilization. Included in the models are the finite circulation time, the thermal property contrast between the borehole mud and the surrounding formation, and the presence of radial or lateral fluid flow in the formation, all of which are found to have significant effects on the dissipation of the thermal disturbance induced by drilling.
The mud circulation is considered to have the effect of either maintaining the borehole mud at a constant temperature or supplying a constant amount of heat per unit length per unit time to the borehole. For small circulation times, the former reduces to the 'zero circulation' model in which the mud circulation creates an instantaneous temperature anomaly at the hole bottom; for small borehole radii, the latter reduces to the line source model and the traditional 'Homer plot'.
For typical drilling operations in which the bottom hole temperatures are measured several hours to several tens of hours after the hole is shut in, the new models generally predict higher equilibrium formation temperatures than does the Horner plot. However, predictions from the various models converge if the BHTs are taken after the hole has been shut in for a period which is greater than about five times the circulation period.     

A simple method to vertically stabilize line-suspended,lightweight percussion coring equipment

An inexpensive improvement to lightweight percussion coring systems is presented. Non-stretching lines are often required to facilitate core sampling in hundreds of metres of water, unfortunately such lines are usually negatively buoyant, which creates difficulties in keeping lightweight core assemblies upright while lowering through the water column. The addition of urethane closed-cell foam to the core head creates buoyancy that vertically stabilizes the coring assembly within the water column and prevents the core barrel from contacting the sediment-water interface non-vertically.     

采控天然冷量过程中青藏铁路路基温度场演变特性研究

针对青藏铁路工程所穿越的高温、富冰多年冻土路基稳定问题, 提出了采控天然冷量, 即在冬季采集并存储地气温差所造成的冷量, 夏季释放, 维护路基稳定的方法. 对典型工程条件下采控天然冷量后路基温度场随时间和空间上的演变规律进行了研究比较, 结果表明: 在不采用附加措施情况下, 直到道路施工完成后的第16年路基内温度场才逐渐进入负温, 因此必须对路基温度场采用人为干预措施. 结果显示, 采控天然冷量方法可以保持青藏铁路路基的稳定.     

FeSO4对铬污染土的稳定特性及风险评价试验研究

采用硫酸亚铁（FeSO4）对铬污染土进行稳定化处理。选用浸出试验、Cr(VI)残留值试验和形态提取试验,研究了粒径和有机质对铬污染土稳定特性的影响规律。试验结果表明,粒径和有机质对铬污染土稳定特性有较大影响。粒径的减小可显著降低稳定土中Cr(VI)和总Cr的浸出浓度及稳定土中Cr(VI)的含量;当污染土粒径小于2 mm时,Fe(II)/Cr(VI)摩尔比为3,稳定土中Cr(VI)和总Cr的浸出浓度分别为4.68、8.9 mg/L,均低于我国《危险废弃物鉴别标准 浸出毒性鉴别》（GB/T5085.3－2007）的限值。有机质添加量的增加可明显降低稳定土中Cr(VI)和总Cr的浸出浓度及Cr(VI)的含量。当Fe(II)/Cr(VI)摩尔比为3时,有机质的添加量为5%,稳定土中Cr(VI)的含量为28.3 mg/kg,低于我国《土壤环境质量标准》（GB15618－2008）中工业和商业用地限值（30 mg/kg）;当有机质的添加量为10%时,稳定土中Cr(VI)的含量为4.8 mg/kg,低于居住用地限值（5 mg/kg）。形态提取试验结果表明：粒径的减小可降低弱酸提取态的铬含量,增加可还原态的铬含量,而对可氧化态和残渣态的铬含量影响不大;有机质可促使弱酸提取态、可还原态的铬转化为可氧化态的铬,而残渣态的铬变化不大。稳定土中铬从活性态向较稳定态转化,是铬稳定土稳定特性和环境风险变化的根本原因。     

Global method for stability analysis of anchored slopes

Based on the global method, an approach is proposed to consider the effect of anchor reinforcement on slope stability, where equilibrium conditions are formulated in terms of the whole slip body. Anchor pre-tension is assumed to be undertaken by the whole slip body instead of individual slices, causing internal force within slope more realistic. Meanwhile, the optimization model for locating the critical slip surface is of weak nonlinearity and easy to solve using the conventional optimization procedures. The effects of anchoring orientation and position are thoroughly investigated, and interesting results are obtained.     

长期稳定河口流路方案评价

分析了长期稳定黄河河口流路的必要性及可行性,阐明了长期稳定流路的思路,对比评价了几条方案,提出了流路安排建议。     

土钉墙钉长确定和整体稳定性

土钉作为一种新型的挡土技术,已广泛地应用于边坡加固和基坑围护,但目前存在着土钉设计理论落后于实践的局面。本文就土钉的长度计算问题,结合目前土钉设计情况,谈谈如何就整体稳定性安全系数来确定土钉长度,使之既安全又合理。     

CHANNEL EROSION DAMAGES AND PROTECTION MEASURES IN SOUTHEAST ARIZONA

1INTRODUCTIONThesouthwesternregionoftheUnitedStates,includingSoutheastArizona,ischaracterizedbyasemiaridclimatewithhotsummers,mildwinters,andephemeralstreamsdrainingsparselyvegetatedareas.ChannelmorphologyoftheephemeralstreamsinSoutheastArizonaisinfluencedbybothlateralandverticalchannelchangesoccurringduringmajorfloods.Lateralchannelchangesoccurinthreewaysbankerosion,meandermigration,andchannelavulsion.Verticalchannelchangesinclude,beddegradationoraggradation,andmayoccurseparatelyorinco…