二维地基中空沟−波阻板联合隔振屏障分析

针对地基隔振控制,提出了一类新型的空沟?波阻板联合隔振屏障,并对其隔振性能进行了数值分析。首先,利用复伸展坐标变换,在频域内建立了完全匹配层（perfect matched layer, PML）吸收边界的控制方程;其次,利用Galerkin近似技术,给出了以位移为基本未知量的二阶非分裂格式PML的频域有限元计算列式;最后,通过数值算例分析了空沟?波阻板联合隔振屏障的物性参数（地基与波阻板的模量比）、几何参数（空沟深度、波阻板深度）以及载荷参数（振动波频率）等对其隔振性能的影响规律。结果表明,空沟?波阻板联合隔振屏障结合了空沟和波阻板各自的优势,可以有效地控制不同频率振源引起的地基振动。     

春季渤海不同区域砂壳纤毛虫的群落特征

As one of the important microzooplankton in marine pelagic habitats, tintinnids are classified as neritic genera,oceanic genera and cosmopolitan genera. Until now, we know little about the interaction between neritic and oceanic genera in continental shelves. Low species richness area was found in the mixing area between neritic and oceanic genera in the East China Sea. In this study, we investigated the spatial distribution of tintinnid community throughout the entire Bohai Sea in May(spring) of 2014 to find out:(1) whether the tintinnid assembalges differed in the three major bays bordering this shallow inland sea;(2) whether there was low species richness area in the Bohai Sea. Three genera and 11 species attributed to neritic and cosmopolitan taxa were reported from this region. Tintinnid abundance averaged(81±216) ind./L(0–1 234 ind./L). Tintinnid community differed within the three major bays, with each characterized by different tintinnid taxa. Referring to the average abundance of three bays, tintinnids were most abundant in the Laizhou Bay((328±445) ind./L), and least abundant in the Liaodong Bay((34±57) ind./L). A low species richness area occurred in the central Bohai Sea(20–40 m isobaths), in some stations of which no tintinnid was recorded. Our study demonstrates that tintinnid community varied greatly over small spatial scales, and low species richness area was found in the mixing area between neritic and oceanic genera within this inland sea.     

孟加拉湾障碍层年际变化及其与印度洋偶极子事件的联系

利用1980?2015年SODA温盐资料,结合Argo数据分析了印度洋偶极子(IOD)事件年份孟加拉湾障碍层的变化特征及其形成机制。结果表明,IOD事件年份孟加拉湾障碍层变化显著。纯的正IOD(纯pIOD)年份及伴随型pIOD年份盛期(9?11月),除孟加拉湾内西南海域障碍层厚度略变厚约5 m外,赤道海域、安达曼海至孟加拉湾北部障碍层厚度均变薄5～15 m,此障碍层距平盛期形态在纯pIOD年份随pIOD消亡迅速消退,但在伴随型pIOD年份维持至翌年3?5月才开始弱化。纯的负IOD (纯nIOD)年份障碍层厚度变化特征与pIOD年份大体相反。进一步分析表明,IOD事件年份赤道风场距平的远地强迫造成等温层深度的变化是湾内障碍层变化的主因。在伴随型IOD年份,受ENSO事件的影响,赤道风场距平在IOD消亡后仍得以维持3个月以上,使得湾内障碍层距平形态持续更久。除赤道远地强迫外,湾内局地风场的Ekman抽吸作用以及混合盐度变化对障碍层厚度年际变化也有一定影响。     

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The use of fractal geometry to determine the impact of inlet migration on the dynamics of a seagrass landscape

The use of fractal geometry to evaluate seagrass scaling behavior and the persistence of seagrass landscape patterns in relation to a disturbance is presented in this paper.Ria Formosa is a dynamic barrier-island system with a migrating inlet that creates a cyclic disturbance in a seagrass landscape. Seagrass patches which develop in the intertidal and shallow subtidal areas of Ria Formosa were digitized from a temporal sequence of aerial photographs, from 1980 to 1998. The methodology used to evaluate seagrass scaling behavior was proposed by Meltzer and Hastings (1992), and relates the frequency distribution of patch size with the existence of patch size-related patterns. The Hurst exponent was calculated to assess the temporal persistence of the seagrass landscape. Univariate regression was used to investigate relations between temporal persistence and disturbance. The existence of patch size-related patterns was identified for all years suggesting shifts in generating processes occurring at different domains of scales in the seagrass landscape. The results enforces the idea that it is important to recognize the existence of diverse processes occurring at different domains of scales and, emphasizes the importance of evaluating issues of temporal and spatial scale while trying to understand changes in seagrass landscapes. The Hurst exponent estimates show that although the migration and relocation of the inlet affected this system the evolutionary trajectory of the seagrass landscape is persistent, i.e., the patch dynamics observed is stable. Furthermore, persistence values were different for differently sized patches, small patches having lower persistence then larger patches.     

Wave Run-up on A Vertical Seawall Protected by An Offshore Submerged Barrier

Submerged barriers are constructed in coastal zones for shoreline or harbor protection or to prevent the beach erosion. In the present study, the wave run-up on a vertical seawall protected by a submerged barrier is analyzed. The physical configurations include a rigid barrier and a long channel of finite depth. For linear water waves, by matching the velocity along the barrier and along the gap, the systems of linear equations about the velocity potentials are obtained. The wave run-up is further analyzed ...     

初始误差对双环流变异可预报性的影响

使用球坐标下1.5 层约化重力浅水模式模拟海洋风生双环流, 结果显示双环流射流存在拉伸模态和收缩模态间的年际变化。以双环流从拉伸模态向收缩模态的转变过程为背景场, 利用条件非线性最优扰动(CNOP)方法, 考察初始误差对双环流变异可预报性的影响, 得到两类初始误差: 全局CNOP型和局部CNOP(LCNOP)型, 两类初始误差对双环流变异的影响几乎相反。通过考察误差发展, 发现在射流从拉伸模态向收缩模态转变过程中, CNOP 型初始误差使射流弯曲程度变大, 并在预报时刻导致涡脱落; 而LCNOP 型初始误差则使射流弯曲程度变小。相比LCNOP, CNOP 型初始误差引起更大预报误差, 导致双环流变异的预报技巧下降更多。两类误差得到较大发展的区域可能存在正压不稳定, 使误差能够不断从背景场吸收能量进而得到快速发展。给出了两类使双环流变异预报技巧下降最大的初始误差, 在实际的数值预报中减少这两种类型的误差, 将有助于提高双环流变异的预报技巧。     

中国黄渤海春秋季今生颗石藻

The living coccolithophores(LCs) are an important class of calcified taxa of phytoplankton functional groups,and major producers of marine biogenic inorganic carbon,playing an important role in the marine carbon cycle.In this study,we report the two-demensional abundance,composition of LCs and its correlation with the environmental parameters in spring and autumn,in order to understand the ecological role of LCs in the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea.In spring,totally 9 taxa belonging to coccolithophyceae were identified using a polarized microscope at the 1 000× magnification.The dominant species were Emiliania huxleyi,Gephyrocapsa oceanica,Helicosphaera carteri,and Calcidiscus leptoporus.The abundance of coccosphores and coccoliths ranged 0–7.72cells/m L,and 0–216.09 coccoliths/m L,with the average values of 0.21 cells/m L,and 11.36 coccoliths/m L,respectively.The Emiliania huxleyi distribution was similar to Gephyrocapsa oceanica.The highest abundance of coccoliths was observed in the east of Shandong Peninsula in northern Yellow Sea,whereas Helicosphaera carteri distributed more widely.Emiliania huxleyi and Gephyrocapsa oceanica were the two predominant species in LCs with higher abundances.The distribution of LCs was similar to that of coccoliths.In autumn,14 taxa belonging to coccolithophyceae were identified with dominant species as Emiliania huxleyi,Gephyrocapsa oceanica,Helicosphaera carteri,Calcidiscus leptoporus and Oolithotus fragilis.The abundance of coccosphores and coccoliths ranged 0–24.69 cells/m L,and 0–507.15 coccoliths/m L,with the average values of 1.47 cells/m L,and55.89 coccoliths/m L,respectively.The highest abundance of coccoliths was located in Qingdao coastal waters and south of the survey area.The distribution of LCs was similar to the coccoliths; in addition,LCs presented large abundance in the east of the central Yellow Sea area.     

春季长江口外上升流的月际变化——以123°E断面为例

上升流是长江口外海域的重要水文现象,为深入了解该海域上升流的活动特征及其月际变化,于2015年春季(4月、5月和6月)对长江口外海域的水文环境进行逐月综合调查,并以123°E断面为例进行分析。结果显示,在春季调查期间,长江口外海域始终存在上升流现象,是由台湾暖流挟带底层高盐海水自南向北不断推进,并在长江口外海域沿海底斜坡涌升而形成。上升流强度在春季逐月增大,表现为:上升流涌升高度逐月变浅,至6月高盐上升流水体的涌升高度已普遍抬升到约15 m以浅水层,最高达到约10 m水深处;其影响范围不断向北扩展。春季,上升流活动区上层海水的温、盐特征逐渐由相对低温、高盐转变为高温、低盐;位于下层的上升流水体的温、盐特征比较稳定,变化幅度较小;上升流活动区的温、盐跃层现象总体呈现出逐月增强的趋势,盐度跃层现象尤为显著,其水平分布呈现出自南向北逐月扩大的变化趋势;跃层深度不断抬升。调查结果的月际变化特征表明,台湾暖流北进强度的逐月增大是导致春季长江口外上升流活动不断增强的主要因素;随着春季低盐长江冲淡水的强度和范围逐月增大,其与下层上升流挟带的高盐涌升水之间的跃层效应逐渐增强,对下层上升流的涌升有抑制作用;春季苏北沿岸流活动对该海域上升流现象的影响不显著。     

连云港洪门古沙堤沉积特征及其意义

通过钻孔、年代地层、沉积物粒度和有孔虫组合综合分析,并配合探地雷达,对洪门古沙堤的成因类型以及古海岸环境进行了探讨。洪门古沙堤沉积物和海州湾现代沙滩、苏北平原贝壳堤相比较,颗粒集中在粗砂—极粗砂范围,分选性偏差,极有可能形成于靠近河口或受河口影响的环境。探地雷达揭示洪门古沙堤曾有过向海方向的进积和生长,指示当时沙源丰富。洪门古沙堤的浅钻地层反映了洪门地区在6400 aBP左右为滨海沼泽环境,此时期与青莲岗文化期的年代相吻合;湖沼沉积结束后,洪门地区迎来了中全新世的最大海侵,受周围地形的制约,洪门地区可能形成了河口浅海湾环境,普遍沉积了2 m左右的青灰色淤泥沉积,有孔虫组合反映当时的环境并非完全开敞,而是受到一定程度限制的近岸浅水环境,反映了洪门地区为浅海湾环境;6000 aBP左右,随着砂砾质沉积物供应的丰富以及相对海平面下降,洪门古沙堤开始发育,直到5000 aBP苏北和连云港地区普遍发生海退,古沙堤发育结束。