广西春播期降水变化的气候诊断分析

对 195 9- 2 0 0 0年广西春播期 (2～ 4月 )及各月降水进行 EOF分解 ,分析了其空间分布型态及气候变化规律。结果表明 :广西春播期降水及各月降水全区一致性偏多 (少 )是主要分布型态 ;2、 3月降水呈增加趋势 ,由少雨向多雨转变 ,4月降水呈减少趋势 ,由多雨向少雨转变 ,二者有反相的特点 ;春播期及各月降水均存在准 2 a振荡 ,分月降水还具有 45 a左右的长周期变化 ;90年代后期 ,广西春播期降水进入一个相对少雨期     

巴州春季气温趋势分类及预报

提出一种对春季气温趋势分类的方法，用чeσbцшeB多项式和EOF展开方法，求出一组系数，并根据这些系数把春季气温趋势分为5类，用上述方法明确地描述春季气温趋势的特征，更进一步从冬季500hPa平均图中选取预报因子，对春季气温趋势作出预测。     

延庆松山泉水汞的映震特征研究

在对延庆松山泉水汞观测资料进行清理和总结的基础上，对该泉水汞的映震能力进行了评价和研究，研究结果表明，该泉水汞异常与地震的对应率较高，1997年以来，其异常对于测点附近发生的有感地震及中小地震和距测点较远范围内发生的5级以上地震有很高的对应率，根据地质构造的活动特征对该泉水贡映震灵敏的原因进行了初步探讨。     

The response of ostracod shell chemistry to seasonal change in a Mediterranean freshwater spring environment

We established the relationships between water chemistry changes in a pool fed by a permanent spring and seasonal variations in trace-element contents (Sr & Mg) in the shells of the ostracod species Herpetocypris intermedia, based on monthly collections of ostracod and water samples. The water chemistry of the investigated pool (Maïques, Valëncia, Spain) was dominated by calcium and bicarbonate, and showed marked seasonal variation in alkalinity, Ca²⁺ content, Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca ratios. Although the variability in the water chemistry was relatively low (~10% relative standard deviation over the entire period), the trace-element contents in the ostracod shells tracked the seasonal change in the water chemistry of Maïques pool. Moreover, due to the rapid renewal of H. intermedia population, this species is able torecord in its shells the evolution of the water chemistry at a monthly time scale. Our results also showed that, in the Maïques pool system, ostracod Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca ratios increased with the decrease in water salinity.To our knowledge, this is the first geochemical study of ostracods dwelling in spring environments. The results of this study may be applied to paleohydrological reconstruction using ostracods preserved in sediments deposited around springs (i.e. travertine and tufa deposits).     

临汾龙子祠泉岩溶水系统水文地质特征及开发利用前景

在讨论了龙子祠泉岩溶水系统岩叶下水水文地质特征的基础上，岩溶地下水对开发利用前景进行了初步探讨。     

黑北公路冻土路基设计原则及病害特征

依据位于小兴安岭地区的黑北公路沿线退化多年冻土特征，以及地质、水文、气候等工程环境条件，分析了黑北公路路基可能会发生的病害和发展过程，提出了适合于黑经公路的路基设计与病害防治措施，以便比选与优化退化型多年冻土地区的路基稳定性设计原则及结构形式，同时在路基设计形式和病害处理上提出了一些初步设想和建议。     

Microbial–silica interactions in Icelandic hot spring sinter: possible analogues for some Precambrian siliceous stromatolites

Silicified deposits, such as sinters, occur in several modern geothermal environments, but the mechanisms of silicification (and crucially the role of microorganisms in their construction) are still largely unresolved. Detailed examination of siliceous sinter, in particular sections of microstromatolites growing at the Krisuvik hot spring, Iceland, reveals that biomineralization contributes a major component to the overall structure, with approximately half the sinter thickness attributed to silicified microorganisms. Almost all microorganisms observed under the scanning electron microscope (SEM) are mineralized, with epicellular silica ranging in thickness from < 5 μm coatings on individual cells, to regions where entire colonies are cemented together in an amorphous silica matrix tens of micrometres thick. Within the overall profile, there appears to be two very distinct types of laminae that alternate repeatedly throughout the microstromatolite: ‘microbial’ layers are predominantly consisting of filamentous, intact, vertically aligned, biomineralized cyanobacteria, identified as Calothrix and Fischerella sp.; and weakly laminated silica layers which appear to be devoid of any microbial component. The microbial layers commonly have a sharply defined base, overlying the weakly laminated silica, and a gradational upper surface merging into the weakly laminated silica. These cyclic laminations are probably explained by variations in microbial activity. Active growth during spring/summer allows the microorganisms to keep pace with silicification, with the cell surfaces facilitating silicification, while during their natural slow growth phase in the dark autumn/winter months silicification exceeds the bacteria’s ability to compensate (i.e. grow upwards). At this stage, the microbial colony is probably not essential to microstromatolite formation, with silicification presumably occurring abiogenically. When conditions once again become favourable for growth, recolonization of the solid silica surface by free‐living bacteria occurs: cell motility is not responsible for the laminations. We have also observed that microbial populations within the microstromatolite, some several mm in depth, appear viable, i.e. they still have their pigmentation, the trichomes are not collapsed, cell walls are unbroken, cytoplasm is still present and they proved culturable. This suggests that the bulk of silicification occurred rapidly, probably while the cells were still alive. Surprisingly, however, measurements of light transmittance through sections of the microstromatolite revealed that photosynthetically active light (PAL) only transmitted through the uppermost 2 mm. Therefore the ‘deeper’ microbial populations must have either: (i) altered their metabolic pathways; (ii) become metabolically inactive; or (iii) the deeper populations may be dominated by different microbial assemblages from that of the surface. From these collective observations, it now seems unequivocal that microstromatolite formation is intimately linked to microbial activity and that the sinter fabric results from a combination of biomineralization, cell growth and recolonization. Furthermore, the similarities in morphology and microbial component to some Precambrian stromatolites, preserved in primary chert, suggests that we may be witnessing contemporaneous biomineralization processes and growth patterns analogous to those of the early Earth.     

理塘毛垭温泉近期特大异常的调查与分析

本文首次弄清了毛垭温泉测点的局部地质环境，确定了测泉的水文地质性质和类型，弥补了建点基础资料之不足。采用常规的调查追踪方法对该前兆观测点近期出现的特大异常进行了较为详细地落实，并简要分析了调查结果。     

重庆市沥鼻峡背斜地热地质特征

采用经验总结法和文献研究法，通过对沥鼻峡热储构造上的温泉和地热井勘查资料进行系统研究，发现沥鼻峡背斜具有典型的层状热储结构特征，是目前华蓥山复式背斜钻获地热水水温最低的热储构造，地热水以硫酸钙型水质为主，目前已知地热井和温泉具有水温普遍低于37℃和水量衰减较明显的特征.初步认为钻获地热水温低可能与构造有一定的关系.     

甘肃春末夏初飞机人工增雨天气系统分型

利用甘肃省1991～2002年飞机人工增雨作业资料,对春末夏初飞机人工增雨作业状况进行了统计分析;按照甘肃省的天气系统特征,利用探空资料,根据自动化“判别模型”的判别,得出甘肃降水的高空环流可分为三种类型：平直多波动型、西南气流型和西北气流型,其中降水类型以平直多波动型为多见。通过“判别模型”对飞机人工增雨天气系统的分型,结果表明,飞机人工增雨作业的主要天气类型首先为平直多波动型,其次为西南气流型。