带缓和曲线的特大桥坐标计算及放样方法

介绍一种带缓和曲线的特大桥桥墩在测量坐标系下的坐标计算及桥墩放样方法 ,以及Leica全站仪在桥梁施工放样中的应用     

一个压力坐标下的海洋环流模式

A new oceanic general circulation model in pressure coordinates is formulated. Since the bottom pressure changes with time, the vertical coordinate is actually a pressure-σ coordinate. The numerical solution of the model is based on an energy-conservation scheme of finite difference. The most important new feature of the model is that it is a truly compressible ocean model and it is free of the Boussinesq approxima tions. Thus, the new model is quite different from many existing models in the following ways: 1) the exact form of mass conservation, 2) the in-situ instantaneous pressure and the UNESCO equation of state to calculate density, 3) the in-situ density in the momentum equations, 4) finite difference schemes that conserve the total energy. Initial tests showed that the model code runs smoothly, and it is quite stable. The quasi-steady circulation patterns generated by the new model compare well with existing models, but the time evolution of the new model seems different from some existing models. Thus, the non-Boussinesq models may provide more accurate information for climate study and satellite observations.     

球面小波分析技术及在全球重力模型中的应用

在介绍球面小波理论的基础上,推导和比较了几种球面小波,分析了最新地球重力模型-EGM96,以此为依据,把球面小波多分辨分析用于计算全球自由空气异常及重力大地水准面,并对处理结果做出解释。     

实际预报可预报性的时空依赖性分析

本文利用国家气象中心1990年1月1日至1992年2月29日的1～5 d、500 hPa高度场业务预报结果研究了不同球谐函数谱分量和经验正交函数(EOF)谱分量的可预报性。对球谐函数谱分量的研究表明可预报性并不是随着空间尺度的增加呈现单调的递减关系，主要表现为在总波数n等于5附近具有最大可预报性。可预报性主要依赖于总波数n，经卷大圆上的波数和纬向圆周上的波数对可预报性具有完全相同的重要意义。对EOF谱分量的分析表明，随着EOF指数(即序号数)的增大，可预报性依次减小。从EOF和球谐函数的关系发现前几个EOF分量正是对应着最可预报的球谐函数分量。进一步分析表明，最可预报的分量对应大气运动的慢变流型。这些结果对如何使用数值预报产品以及如何进行延伸预报具有重要意义。     

自转微椭、非均匀地球的潮汐变形

鉴于当前国际上关于自转微椭、非均匀地球（ＳＲＥＨＩ）的固体潮汐响应的结果之间存在明显分歧，特别是Ｌｏｖｅ数ｋ及重力潮汐因子δ对纬度的依赖情况截然不同，本文借助于摄动法与张量正则分量的广义球谐展开建立起来的侧向非均匀、自转微椭、粘弹地球的潮汐模拟理论，计算了ＳＲＥＨＩ地球的潮汐形变及相应的引力位变化．结果表明，描述径向位移的Ｌｏｖｅ数的纬度依赖部分系数ｈ＿＋与球对称部分ｈ＿０＋δｈ＿０之比不大于１．０‰；对Ｏ＿１波为０．２７‰；对Ｍ＿２波为０．１９‰；对Ｍ＿３波为０．４９‰；对Ｍ＿４波为０．８８‰．描述地球引力位变化的Ｌｏｖｅ数的纬度依赖部分系数ｋ＿＋与球对称部分ｋ＿０＋δｋ＿０之比小于３．０‰；对Ｏ＿１波为２．６７‰；对Ｍ＿２波为１．８９‰；对Ｍ＿３波为２．２４‰；对Ｍ＿４波为２．７０‰．     

EXPERIMENTS OF A REDUCED GRID IN LASG/IAPWORLD OCEAN GENERAL CIRCULATION MODELS (OGCMs)

Due to the decrease in grid size associated with the convergence of meridians toward the poles in spherical coordinates, the time steps in many global climate models with finite-difference method are restricted to be unpleasantly small. To overcome the problem, a reduced grid is introduced to LASG/IAP world ocean general circulation models. The reduced grid is implemented successfully in the coarser resolutions version model L30T63 at first. Then, it is carried out in the improved version model LICOM with finer resolutions. In the experiment with model L30T63, under time step unchanged though, execution time per single model run is shortened significantly owing to the decrease of grid number and filtering execution in high latitudes. Results from additional experiments with L30T63 show that the time step of integration can be quadrupled at most in reduced grid with refinement ratio 3. In the experiment with model LICOM and with the model’s original time step unchanged, the model covered area is extended to the whole globe from its original case with the grid point of North Pole considered as an isolated island and the results of experiment are shown to be acceptable.     

高纯球形-准球形亚微米晶质SiO2材料的制备与表征

以天然粉石英为基本原料,通过氢氟酸与盐酸混合酸溶蚀技术和机械强力搅拌处理,制备了高纯球形-准球形亚微米晶质SiO2材料。XRD,SEM表征结果表明,制备的高纯球形亚微米晶质SiO2材料为纯结晶SiO2相,粒子呈球形-准球形,球化-准球化率达80%～90%,粒径一般为300 nm～800 nm;其化学组成为:w(SiO2)99.90%,w(Al2O3)192×10-6,w(Fe2O3)33×10-6,w(Mg)1×10-6,w(Ca)2×10-6,w(Cl-)20×10-6。     

大庆采油一厂GIS数据查询与维护模块的设计与实现

利用VB在GeoStar地理信息系统开发平台上进行二次开发,实现大庆油田采油一厂水泡子地理信息系统的3维数据查询与维护。介绍了系统的模块组成和功能,以及实现各项功能的关键技术。该系统灵活实用、功能较全,通过实际生产应用,反映出在地面水域地理信息数据计算与管理、直观显示等方面具有很好的实用价值。