伊通盆地岔路河断陷油气充注与再次运移研究

伊通盆地岔路河断陷是一个双断式内陆断陷,其油气藏的形成与演化经历了一个多期次油气充注与再次调整的复杂过程.采用显微测温技术并结合生排烃史、埋藏史、热史和区域构造分析方法研究表明,岔路河断陷发育3期油气充注.结合石英颗粒含油包裹体颗粒指数GOI技术解释了位于构造高部位的早期充注的油气经历过再次运移与破坏,而位于构造低部位的晚期充注的油气则保存较好,说明构造低部位具有一定的勘探前景.     

海平面上升对中国沿海地区极值水位重现期的影响

基于中国沿海10个验潮站资料,利用皮尔森Ⅲ型(P-Ⅲ)模型探讨了典型浓度路径(Representative Concentration Pathway,RCP)情景下21世纪海平面上升对中国沿海地区极值水位重现期的影响。结果表明:海平面上升将显著缩短极值水位的重现期。在RCP8.5情景下极值水位的重现期缩短最为显著。预估到2050年,在RCP8.5情景下,所研究的中国沿海地区潮位站的百年一遇极值水位将变为9~43 a一遇。到2100年,在RCP8.5情景下,百年一遇极值水位变为1~18 a一遇。当前极值水位的低概率事件将在2100年变得普遍,在RCP8.5情景下,到2100年千年一遇的几乎每两百年发生一次。由于极值水位的重现期会随着气候变化而缩短,未来沿海地区将会面临更严峻的风险与挑战。     

The rate of feeding of the bryozoan,Zoobotryon verticillatum

The ctenostome bryozoan Zoobotryon verticillatum was found to clear suspensions of four species of algae, at rates ranging from 0.152–1.05 ml per zooid per hour, or 13.9–96.2 ml per mg dry weight per hour, when the algal suspensions were below the satiation concentrations and thus maximum clearance rates would be expected. Suspensions of Monochrysis lutheri, a small flagellate on which the bryozoan grew well and with which most experiments were made, was cleared below the satiation concentration of 7,900 cells per ml, at the mean rate of 0.368 ml per zooid per hour or 33.7 ml per mg dry weight per hour.

Satiation concentrations of the four species of algae were of the same order as the highest concentrations of nannoplankton to be expected in the bryozoan's natural habitat.

The bryozoan colony fed fairly constantly over a 48 hour period.

Assuming oxygen consumption was similar to that of other bryozoans, Zoobotryon verticillatum cleared about 11.6 litres per ml of oxygen consumed.     

Anomalous winter temperature and precipitation events in southern China

This paper analyzed the anomalous low-temperature events and the anomalous rain-abundant events in January since 1951 and winter since 1880 for southern China.The anomalous events are defined using ±1σ thresholds.Twelve cold Januaries are identified where temperature anomaly below-1σ,and ten wet Januaries are identified where precipitation anomaly above +1σ.Among these events there are three patterns of cold-wet Januaries,namely 1969,1993 and 2008.The NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data are used to check the atmospheric circulation changes in association with the anomalous temperature and precipitation events.The results show that the strong Siberian High(SBH),East Asian trough(EAT) and East Asian jet stream(EAJS) are favorable conditions for low-temperature in southern China.While the anomalous southerly flow at 850 hPa,the weak EAT at 500 hPa,the strong Middle East jet stream(MEJS) and the weaker EAJS are found to accompany a wetter southern China.The cold-wet winters in southern China,such as...更多 January of 2008,are mainly related to a stronger SBH,and the circulation in the middle to upper troposphere is precipitation-favorable.In wet winters,the water vapor below 500 hPa is mainly transported by the anomalous southwesterly flow and the anomalous southern flow over the Indo-China Peninsula and the South China Sea area.The correlation coefficients of MEJS,EAMW(East Asian meridional wind) and EU(Eurasian pattern) to southern China precipitation in January are +0.65,-0.59 and-0.48 respectively,and the correlations for high-pass filtered data are +0.63,-0.55 and-0.44 respectively,the significant level is all at 99%.MEJS,EAMW and EU together can explain 49.4% variance in January precipitation.Explained variance for January and winter temperature by SBH,EU,WP(west Pacific pattern) and AO(Arctic Oscillation) are 47.2% and 51.5%,respectively.There is more precipitation in southern China during El Nio winters,and less precipitation during La Nia winters.And there is no clear evidence that the occurrence of anomalous temperature events in winter over southern China is closely linked to ENSO events.     

中国北方近57年气温时空变化特征

通过分析中国北方近57年来气温时空变化特征,结合GIS空间分析技术和数理统计理论,对中国北方气温变化进行定量化分析,阐述其时空演变规律。结果表明:近57年来中国北方气温总体呈上升趋势,升温趋势最快的是东北地区(0.25℃/10a),最慢的是西北东区(0.12℃/10a)。各区年均、1月、7月气温的增温趋势呈非对称性,年均气温的升高主要得益于1月气温的贡献,7月各区升温趋势普遍较慢;中国北方年均气温变化存在突变现象,东北区是在1994年(a=0.05),华北区是在1997年(a=0.05),西北西和西北东分别为在1996年和1997年(a=0.05);年均气温变化具有明显的周期性,东北区分别以21a、6a、11a为第一、第二、第三主周期,华北区气温周期为22a,西北西区周期为12a,西北东区第一、第二、第三主周期分别为15a、8a、5.5a;中国北方各区气温变化一致性较强,都呈现上升趋势,但各区之间相关关系存在差异,东北和华北年均气温相关系数达到0.79(a=0.01),1月东北区和西北西区相关系数为0.19,7月东北区和西北东区的相关系数为0.26,未达到显著水平。     

紫色土母质的分布及其地质环境——紫色土再研究

紫色土的分布决定于其母质--紫色岩石的分布.紫色岩石是红层的主要部分.红层的形成有一定的水热条件限制,当今地表红层的分布状况却与当地的现实水热条件不完全相符.因此,只有从地质历史演进的角度看待今日红层岩石的分布规律.通过讨论红层分布的历史原因,认为紫色岩石的分布是全球性的,紫色土亦然.     

鄂尔多斯盆地沿河湾探区低渗储层长61构造裂缝主要形成期应力环境判识

开展储层裂缝预测研究,首先必须认识构造裂缝形成的期次及其古应力状态。通过上三叠统延长组长61储层岩石声发射实验得出的古构造历史有效最大主应力记忆出现率,厘定鄂尔多斯盆地沿河湾探区长61储层构造裂缝形成时最大主应力介于79.12~89.99 MPa之间。通过岩石古应力分期、裂缝充填物包裹体测温和期次测定,结合区域构造应力场演化分析,确定延长组储层构造裂缝主要形成期为燕山期。通过露头区地层和覆盖区定向岩心共轭裂缝或节理应变测量,恢复了沿河湾地区燕山期构造运动三轴应力状态,即最大主应力(δ1)方向为NW-SE向,优势方位129°∠10°,最小主应力(δ3)优势方位36°∠7°,中间主应力(δ2)近于垂直。裂缝主要形成期及其古应力状态研究成果为沿河湾探区长61低渗储层构造裂缝分布和发育规律定量预测研究提供了地质依据。     

考虑土-结构动力相互作用效应的界限研究

开展了土-结构动力相互作用的模型试验,探讨了框架结构的近似有效基本周期,并研究了考虑相互作用效应的界限.模型试验中分别进行了刚性地基和柔性地基条件下的结构基本周期测试,并通过与理论计算结果的比较,验证了FEMA450中建议的有效基本周期计算方法能够有效预测土-结构相互作用效应的影响.利用FEMA450中建议的刚性地基上普通钢筋混凝土框架结构基本周期近似值的计算式,分别建立了明置基础、埋置基础的框架结构有效基本周期近似值的计算式,并以此分析了框架结构考虑相互作用的界限问题,提出了考虑埋置深度影响的合理界限.     

等离子体参量春夏季节背景变化特征研究

使用DEMETER卫星上Langmiur探针记录的电子密度（Ne）、离子密度（Ni）和电子温度（Te）资料,分析了2007年1～6月份地磁活动平静时段全球6个经度区（每60°一个区）,不同时间的电离层等离子体参量Ne、Ni和Te值在春夏季节的背景变化特征,发现Ne、Ni和Te随纬度空间变化比较大,且峰（谷）值纬度分布与地球的经度区也有一定的关系。对全球6个经区各个时段的Ne、Ni和Te值进行对比,发现不同时段,Ne、Ni和Te峰值的大小不等,可能与当地日变化有关。等离子体各参量与月份季节也存在一定的相关性。在一些相同的区域时段,1～3月的等离子参量数值明显高于4～6月的等离子参量数值。     

Non‐structure‐specific intensity measure parameters and characteristic period of near‐fault ground motions

This paper focuses on the effects of long‐period pulse of near‐fault ground motions on the structural damage potential. Two sets of near‐fault ground motion records from Chi‐Chi, Taiwan earthquake and Northridge earthquake with and without distinct pulse are selected as the input, and the correlation analysis between 30 non‐structure‐specific intensity measure parameters and maximum inelastic displacements and energy responses (input energy and hysteretic energy) of bilinear single degree of freedom systems are conducted. Based on the frequency characteristic of near‐fault ground motions with remarkable long‐period components, two intensity indices are proposed, namely, the improved effective peak acceleration (IEPA) and improved effective peak velocity (IEPV). In addition a new characteristic period of these ground motions is defined based on IEPA and IEPV. Numerical results illustrate that the intensity measure parameters related to ground acceleration present the best correlation with the seismic responses for rigid systems; the velocity‐related and displacement‐related parameters are better for medium‐frequency systems and flexible systems, respectively. The correlation curves of near‐fault ground motions with velocity pulse differ from those of ground motions without pulse. Moreover, the improved parameters IEPA and IEPV of near‐fault impulsive ground motions enhance the performance of intensity measure of corresponding conventional parameters, i.e. EPA and EPV. The new characteristic period based on IEPA and IEPV can better reflect the frequency content of near‐fault ground motions. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.