VASCULAR PLANTS OF MOUNTAIN TALUS SLOPES,MT. RAE AREA,ALBERTA, CANADA

The vascular flora of talus slopes in the Mt. Rae area, Canadian Rocky Mountain Front Ranges, is discussed in the context of edaphic and geomorphic conditions. Thirteen talus slopes were sampled systematically for the presence of vegetation, and vascular plants were identified to the species level. Such talus slopes are generally considered relatively sterile and too unstable for the development of distinctive flora. The presence of vegetation is usually taken as an indicator of slope stability. A total of 77 species with boreal and arctic affinities was identified. Most plants display growth forms suitable to the unstable and xeric talus substrate with Schroeter's Schuttstrecker and Schuttdecker forms being most common. Although areal coverage by plants is sparse, a large number of species with morphological characteristics suitable for the talus environment suggests that the presence of plants should not be regarded as an absolute indicator of slope stability. Rather, these plants may represent a long-term equilibrium assemblage characteristic of active talus slopes in a mountain environment.     

Synoptic Classification of Snowfall Events in the Great Smoky Mountains,USA

Mean annual snowfall in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GSMNP) exhibits considerable spatial variability, ranging from 30 cm in the valleys to 254 cm at higher elevations. Snowfall can be tied to a variety of synoptic classes (e.g., Miller A or B cyclones, 500 hPa cutoff lows), but the frequency and significance of different synoptic classes have not been fully assessed, particularly at higher elevations. In this paper, we manually classify all snowfall events during the period 1991 to 2004 according to a synoptic classification scheme, calculate mean annual snowfall by 850 hPa wind direction and synoptic class, and develop composite plots of various synoptic fields. Hourly observations from nearby first-order stations and 24 hr snowfall totals from five sites within the GSMNP are used to define snowfall events. NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data are used to develop composite plots of various synoptic fields for cyclones passing south and then east of the area (e.g., Miller A cyclones). Results indicate that over 50% of the mean annual snowfall at higher elevations occurs in association with low-level northwest flow, and that Miller A cyclones contribute the greatest amount to mean annual snowfall at all elevations.     

Wavelet analysis of quasi-3-year temperature oscillations in China in last 50 years, and predicted changes in the next 20 years

The wavelet analysis method is used to analyze the annual and winter temperature data of 98 observation stations in China in eight climate zones during the last 50 years （1961-2009）. The periodicities of temperature changes are investigated, and the possible temperature change trends in China in the next 20 years （2012-2029） are also predicted. Our results show that in the inter-annual temperature variability there are pervasive quasi-3- to quasi-4-year cycles, and these cycle changes are relatively steady. The periodic characteristics of the annual temperature changes are clearly different between northern and southern China, and our period superimposition extrapolation shows that both annual and winter temperatures in China will continue to increase in the next 20 years, more so in northern China and in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau （QXP） than in the southern region, except in the southwest. If temperatures follow historic increasing linear trends, the overall temper- ature is expected to increase by 1℃ between 2010 and 2029.     

长岭断陷深层天然气成藏期研究

利用榆深1井营城组未熟样品的热模拟实验、碳同位素分馏实验以及长深1等井的流体包裹体测试结果,在热史恢复的基础上,根据化学动力学和碳同位素分馏动力学理论,从烃源岩生烃史、甲烷碳同位素分馏效应以及包裹体均一温度等方面,对长岭断陷天然气成藏期加以判断。长岭断陷甲烷碳同位素均值为-33.11‰,碳同位素分馏效应显示天然气为116 Ma以来累积聚集成藏;生烃史表明营城组源岩在100～67.7 Ma大量生气,沙河子组在125～74 Ma达到生气高峰;同时包裹体证据表明查干花次洼的烃类气主要在110～78 Ma聚集成藏,伏龙泉次洼主要在110～1 Ma成藏。成藏期的判断结果说明:长岭断陷沙河子组早期生成的天然气未聚集成藏,仅116 Ma以后生成的天然气才具有成藏贡献,损失约14%左右;而营城组烃源岩生烃较晚,有利于成藏,包裹体证据也印证这一观点。     

建议在我国统一使用全球通用的正式年代地层单位——埃迪卡拉系（纪）

震旦系（纪）的涵义屡屡变更,争论不断,出现过许多问题。系名Sinian（震旦系）和系的“层型剖面”都是在选取“末元古系”的正式名称和“金钉子”的国际竞争中没有得到多数国际学者支持的候选名称和候选剖面。我国最新正式修订的“震旦系（纪）”与全球年代地层（地质年代）单位埃迪卡拉系（纪）的概念完全相当。系一级的全球单位一旦正式...     

内蒙古林西县哈什吐钼矿床辉钼矿铼-锇年龄及其地质意义

内蒙古哈什吐矿床是新发现的钼矿床。为进一步查明哈什吐钼矿床的形成时间,首次对主要钼矿体的10件辉钼矿样品进行铼-锇同位素分析,所获铼-锇同位素模式年龄变化范围为(147.0±2.1) Ma~(149.5±2.2) Ma,加权平均值为(148.22±0.67) Ma,获得等时线年龄为(148.8±1.6) Ma,MSWD值为0.95。铼-锇同位素年代数据及野外地质证据表明,哈什吐钼矿床为晚侏罗世构造-岩浆作用及相关流体活动的产物。哈什吐钼矿床辉钼矿的w(Re)介于(0.65~2.06)×10^-6,平均值为1.28×10^-6,通过与区域内同时期形成的若干相似类型钼矿床的Re含量对比分析,初步推测认为哈什吐钼矿床成矿物质源区具有更偏向于壳源的特征。哈什吐斑岩型钼矿床形成时代的厘定对于提高该矿床的理论研究水平和指导隐伏金属矿床的找矿勘查工作均具有重要意义。     

基于Copulas函数的二维干旱变量联合分布

通过构建干旱变量的联合分布揭示干旱演变规律,可作为干旱分析的重要手段。基于8种单参数族的Copulas函数进行新疆乌鲁木齐和石河子气象站二维干旱变量的联合分布。经拟合优度评价:Frank Copula对干旱历时和干旱烈度、干旱历时和烈度峰值的拟合度最好;Clayton Copula对于干旱烈度和烈度峰值的拟合效果最好。二维变量联合超越概率值随单变量值的减小而增大;单变量的重现期介于二维变量联合重现期与同现重现期之间。表明Copulas函数能够描述二维干旱特征变量的联合分布。     

龙口市人工岛周边海域波浪场和水动力场的数值模拟

为了科学的分析离岸人工岛群对周边海岸动力的影响,本文以龙口市人工岛为例,运用MIKE21数值模拟软件建立了龙口离岸人工岛及附近海域的水动力模型和波浪模型,根据波浪的生成、成长和传播原理,针对最有可能形成较大波浪的W、WNW、NW三个方向,采用频率为0.5%(重现期为200a)的高潮位叠加频率为0.5%(重现期为200a)的W、WNW和NW向风作用下的波浪场和水动力场进行数值模拟研究,给出了高潮位条件下人工岛周边不同波向对应的有效波高和最大波高值,以及最大流速和流向数据,可为人工岛群的地坪标高确立和防浪建筑物的布设提供科学依据。     

宾川小龙潭斑岩铜钼矿找矿新思路的讨论及前景分析

本文结合矿区最新勘查成果, 从成矿背景、物质来源、矿化特征等方面揭示了矿区具有较好的成矿地质条件和矿化信息。笔者通过疏理决定矿区找矿方向的关键环节, 提出矿区斑岩体的侵入方向与区域NE向构造-岩浆带一致, 主导矿区富碱斑岩带总体呈NE向展布并由NW向SE侵入的认识, 进一步调整了找矿思路。并分析展现了矿区具有寻找大型-超大型斑岩铜钼矿床的前景, 对区域喜山期富碱斑岩带的地质找矿工作具有一定的启示作用。