天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川的气候敏感性研究

依据山地冰川规模对于气候变化平衡态响应的一种统计模型,探讨了天山乌鲁木齐河源１号冰川东,西支在不同气候情景下的平衡态规模大小,根据该冰川的历史变化并应用这一统计模型,对于乌鲁木齐河源地区气候变化的趋势进行了研究。     

马氏珠母贝幼虫假单胞菌病的初步研究

马氏珠母贝人工育苗过程中幼虫经常发生一种严重的病害。发病幼虫症状如下：消化盲囊颜色由正常的均匀的黄绿色变成不均匀的茶褐色或无色;胃中的食物长时间不能消化并变成茶褐色;幼虫趋光性差,活力弱,不能集群,不久即大量下沉死亡。对发病幼虫进行了细菌的分离和纯化,得到3株纯化的菌株,对“D”型幼虫的人工感染试验证实：9401和9402两株菌株是致病菌,通过对细菌进行群体及个体形态观察、生化实验,鉴定9401和9402两株菌株均属假单胞菌（Pseudomonas）。对这2株菌株进行了药物敏感试验、药物预防试验,结果表明,2株菌株对氯霉素、痢特灵、氟哌酸敏感,2×10－6氯霉素可达到预防的目的。     

X射线荧光分析中的准绝对测量方法

基体效应校正是 X射线荧光分析方法中关键的一环 ,在很大程度上决定了测量数据的准确度。本文提出了一种新的基体效应校正方法—准绝对测量方法。它兼有相对测量和绝对测量方法的特点 ,并具有较广泛的适用性     

关于我国和东亚酸性物质的输送研究 I. 三维欧拉污染物输送实用模式

本文发展了一种三维欧拉型污染物长距离输送实用模式，比较详细地考虑了源、输送、干、湿沉降、气、液相化学过程。用分裂解法对气相化学过程进行查表式处理，颇具特色，使用实测气象输入场，节约了大量的计算机资源。通过模式的灵敏度试验，模式具有较高的分辨率和灵敏度。根据与实测资料对比，模式有较好的可信度，能方便的计算长时间（月、季、年）的污染物沉降及远距离输送态势。     

从古热流值和剥蚀量的研究来判断地热的发育--以四川盆地川合100井为例

采用目前被认为较理想的EASY％Ro动力学模型对四川盆地川合100井进行一维成熟度模拟，并对影响热指标模拟的主要参数进行了敏感性分析。研究表明，古地表温度对模拟结果的影响不大；岩石热导率的影响程度与岩层厚度有关，即厚度越大的地层，其岩石热导率的变化对成熟度模拟的影响越大；对于川西凹陷，60Ma时的古热流值和60-40Ma的剥蚀量对模拟结果影响显著，因此减少这两个参数的不确定性有助于提高该地区成熟度模拟的准确性和可靠性。     

Experimental Research on the Load／Unload Response Ratio （LURR） Theory

Implementing acoustic emission experiments with large rock samples, LURR (Load/Unload Response Ratio) theory was studied. The loading conditions in the experiments were designed to simulate the complicated loading process of underground rocks. The damages emerging inside the rock samples were recorded by the acoustic emission technique during the loading process. The experimental results were consistent with prediction by LURR theory. Integrating the changing processes of LURR value Y and the location process of acoustic emission events showed agreement between the variation of LURR value Y and the damage evolution inside the rocks. Furthermore, the high value of Y emerged before the complete breakdown of materials. Therefore, the damage evolution of rock specimen can be quantitatively analyzed with LURR theory, thus the failure of the rock materials and the earthquake occurrence may be predicted. The experimental results gave a further verification of LURR theory.     

土壤非饱和导水率模型中参数的敏感性分析

针对邵明安根据再分布过程得出的非饱和导水率模型,对其中参数的敏感性进行分析,通过实测资料计算非饱和导水率对不同参数的敏感度,对比参数对非饱和导水率的影响程度。研究表明采用线性关系表示土壤湿润剖面的平均湿度和湿润锋处湿度之间的关系时,非饱和导水率对参数的敏感性比其他参数高得多。     

西藏土壤侵蚀敏感性分布规律及其区划研究

西藏土壤侵蚀类型多样,其中水土流失、土地沙漠化、冻融侵蚀以及崩塌、滑坡和泥石流等侵蚀类型广泛分布,危害严重。本文对前三种土壤侵蚀类型敏感性特点及其分布规律进行了评价,在此基础上,作出了西藏土壤侵蚀敏感性综合区划,并对各分区主要特点作了简要的描述。为土壤侵蚀防治和生态环境保护与建设提供依据。     

Sensitivity of seismic hazard evaluations to uncertainties determined from seismic source characterization

The sensitivity and overall uncertainty in peak ground acceleration (PGA)estimates have been calculated for the city of Tabriz, northwestern Iran byusing a specific randomized blocks design. Eight seismic hazard models andparameters with randomly selected uncertainties at two levels have beenconsidered and then a linear model between predicted PGA at a givenprobability level and the uncertainties has been performed. The inputmodels and parameters are those related to the attenuation, magnituderupture-length and recurrence relationships with their uncertainties.Application of this procedure to the studied area indicates that effects ofthe simultaneous variation of all eight input models and parameters on thesensitivity of the seismic hazard can be investigated with a decreasingnumber of computations for all possible combinations at a fixed annualprobability. The results show that the choice of a mathematical model ofthe source mechanism, attenuation relationships and the definition ofseismic parameters are most critical in estimating the sensitivity of seismichazard evaluation, in particular at low levels of probability of exceedance.The overall uncertainty in the expected PGA for an annual probability of0.0021 (10% exceedence in 50 yr) is expressed by a coefficient ofvariation (CV) of about 34% at 68% confidence level for a distance ofabout 5km from the field of the major faults. The CV will decrease withincreasing site-source distance and remains constant, CV = 15%, fordistances larger than 15 km. Finally, treating alternative models on theoverall uncertainty are investigated by additional outliers in input decision.     

直流电阻率测深勘测灵敏度及其应用

在水平层状大地条件下,通过研究不同供电极距勘测灵敏度随深度变化的规律,发现当供电极距AB/2=4h时,深度h处的勘测灵敏度最高,从而提出了电阻率测深中的勘探深度与供电极距以及与最佳供电极距之间的简单关系。