我国首次发现的硅钾铀矿

硅钾铀矿属罕见的次生铀矿物,1986年我国首次发现于甘肃龙首山铀矿床氧化。带。对该矿物进行了多种测试工作。矿物为层状结构的铀酰硅酸盐矿物。晶胞参数a=6.62,b=7.03,c=7.06,β=105.2°。化学式:(K_(0·58) Na_(0·33)0.91(H_3O)[UO_2SiO_4]·0.8H_2O     

LK地区滩海浅层地震资料处理关键技术

山东LK地区三维区块主要为海陆两栖带和浅海水域,地下勘探目标煤层埋藏浅,地震资料比较复杂。针对滩海浅层地震资料的特点及地质目标,利用SLS直达波二次定位技术,较好地解决了检波器的漂移问题,提高了浅层成像效果;运用子波校正技术,消除激发、接收因素造成的资料品质差异,实现了海陆资料的无缝拼接;采取两步法自适应反褶积,有效消除了海底鸣震;采用叠前时间偏移技术,很好地解决了浅海地区复杂构造的偏移成像问题。形成了一套适用于滩海地区浅层煤炭资源探查的地震资料处理技术,获得了具有高信噪比、高分辩率和高保真度的成果资料。     

Observational and Mechanistic Analysis of a Nighttime Warm-Sector Heavy Rainfall Event Within the Subtropical High over the Southeastern Coast of China

In August 2021, a warm-sector heavy rainfall event under the control of the western Pacific subtropical high occurred over the southeastern coast of China. Induced by a linearly shaped mesoscale convective system(MCS), this heavy rainfall event was characterized by localized heavy rainfall, high cumulative rainfall, and extreme rainfall intensity.Using various observational data, this study first analyzed the precipitation features and radar reflectivity evolution. It then examined the role of e...     

Land Changes Fostering Atlantic Forest Transition in Brazil: Evidence from the Paraíba Valley

The Atlantic Forest biome has only 13 percent of its pristine vegetation cover left. This article analyzes the consequences of land changes on forest cover in the Paraíba Valley, São Paulo state, Brazil, from 1985 to 2011. Multitemporal satellite image classifications were carried out to map eight land use and land cover classes. The forest cover increased from 2,696 km² in 1985 to 4,704 km² in 2011, mostly over areas of degraded pastures. The highest rates of afforestation were observed within protected areas around eucalyptus plantations. On the other hand, deforestation processes were concentrated on areas covered by secondary forests. Socioeconomic changes taking place in particular Brazilian settings, such as industrialization and agricultural modernization, allied to the Paraíba Valley's natural biophysical constraints for agricultural production, have led the region to experience a remarkable case of forest transition.     

THE IMPACTS OF INTERACTION OF A TYPHOON WITH THE MIDLATITUDE TROUGH ON ITS TRACK AFTER THE RECURVATURE

Three typhoon cases are selected to conduct a series of simulations that are initialized from sequential analyses. The results show that the forecast error in crucial area where a tropical cyclone (TC) interactes with the upstream trough is highly correlated to the track forecast error after the TC recurvature. Furthermore, sensitivity experiments confirm that the developments of the midlatitude downstream circulations and then the TC track after its recurvature are highly sensitive to the TC intensity and its location relative to the upstream trough, which can give an example or one way of sensitivity of the TC track to the TC-trough interaction. If the TC interacts with the upstream trough more strongly (e.g., the TC being intensified or getting closer to the upstream trough), the downstream circulations will be more meridional, thus the TC track will be more northerly and westerly; otherwise, the downstream circulations will be more zonal, and the TC track will be more southerly and easterly.     

青海玛多MS7.4地震震害特点分析

2021年5月22日,青海省果洛藏族自治州玛多县发生M_S7.4地震。以青海省地震局玛多地震烈度调查为基础,着重分析6个重点地区的房屋震害及极震区桥梁道路的破坏情况。此次地震震级高、伤亡轻,仅造成震中附近个别土木结构、砖木结构房屋出现倒塌破坏,部分砖混及框架结构出现楼梯间及填充墙开裂的现象,多数房屋基本完好;调查中还发现野马滩一号、二号大桥以及昌马河大桥均出现不同程度的倒塌损毁,这也为烈度图的划分提供了数据支持;最后对此次地震产生的次生地质灾害进行统计分析,并对灾后重建和抗震设防提出意见及建议。     

浊沸石溶蚀过程的热力学计算与次生孔隙发育带预测--以徐家围子断陷深层为例

浊沸石是徐家围子断陷深层砂砾岩中广泛分布的一种胶结物,被有机酸溶蚀后,形成大量次生孔隙,为油气的聚集提供了储集空间。为了预测深层次生孔隙发育带的分布,本研究应用热力学计算方法,定量讨论了徐家围子断陷深层营城组砂砾岩中浊沸石的溶解-沉淀过程和次生孔隙的形成机理,并提出了溶解-沉淀指数DPI的计算模型,定量表征溶蚀作用的强度。通过叠合DPI等值线图和沉积相图,预测了浊沸石溶蚀形成次生孔隙发育带的分布。结果表明,次生孔隙发育带主要分布于DPI>2.5的扇三角洲前缘和辫状河三角洲前缘砂砾岩体中。     

库区滑坡的次生灾害分析与研究——以藕塘滑坡为例

滑坡除直接成灾外,还会产生次生灾害,滑坡体落入江河中,可形成巨大涌浪,造成较大的危害。涌浪高度除受滑速、失稳体积、水深等重要因素的影响外,波浪的形成还要受水库地形、库面宽度、滑坡入库过程的持续时间以及滑坡体的宽度等因素的影响,尤其在峡谷地区更为显著,且波浪在传播过程中,还受到河谷两岸的阻碍、往返的折射以及波群的相互干扰或迭加等影响。以藕塘滑坡为例,在滑波局部失稳情况下采用潘家铮涌浪算法,计算和预测滑体冲入库区后的滑速和造成的涌浪高度,并且考虑了地震作用和滑坡前缘泡在水中所产生的阻力。     

七棵树油田低孔低渗砂岩储层的测井评价

低孔低渗储层的测井评价一直是油田勘探开发的难题。由于沉积作用、压实作用和溶蚀作用等各种成岩作用,七棵树油田储层具有低孔低渗特点,而且储层内次生孔隙发育,非均质性强,增加了储层评价的复杂性。为此,本文根据岩芯实验、地质录井和试油等并综合各种测井资料,确定了储层岩性与物性、含油性与物性关系; 并在孔喉模型的基础上,通过分析物性和电性之间的关系,建立了一个适用于次生孔隙发育的低孔低渗储层的新模型,并进行解释分析。     

4·20芦山地震次生山地灾害与减灾对策

4·20芦山地震不仅造成了特大地震灾害,同时还诱发大量的次生山地灾害,主要类型包括崩塌、滑坡、滚石、落石、堰塞湖和泥石流等。这些次生灾害不仅造成重大人员伤亡,还阻塞救援道路,延缓了救援进度。地震诱发的大量崩塌、滑坡为泥石流活动提供丰富物源,将促进泥石流活跃,在后期暴雨作用下产生严重的泥石流灾害。通过初步分析,提出了地震区山地灾害应急减灾对策,包括应急排查、监测预警、临时安置场所危险性评估、省道210线应急防护;并提出了地震区恢复重建中的减灾对策,包括提高山区城镇的防护能力,加强村寨聚落防灾能力,加强山地灾害监测预警,道路恢复重建中的减灾措施以及加强对流域漂木防治。