示意性轨道交通地图设计的研究

示意性地图作为一种特殊的专题地图,较之传统专题地图,有着不同的制图法则和制图方法,目前,示意性地图的设计还缺乏充足的理论依据和技术支持,本文从图面、风格、符号等方面对示意性地图的设计进行了研究,提出了一些示意性地图综合的方法,最后将这些方法应用到一个实例之中。     

道路地图示意性表达的可用性评估

当前示意性地图表达主要针对公共交通网络,缺乏对道路地图示意性表达可用性评估研究。本文选取景区和街道两个典型道路场景,采用最新的自动示意化方法生成示意地图,以主观问卷调查结合客观眼动试验的方式,评估道路地图示意性表达的可用性。试验结果表明:①示意性表达能够提升道路地图的简化度、清晰度及用户满意度,尤其对于原始道路形状较为复杂的情况;②示意地图中路径形状简化会造成不同路径感知长度差异的改变,从而影响到人们路径抉择行为;③对于路径示意性结果增加了道路网密集程度的情况,会降低示意地图认知效率。本文研究成果有助于道路地图自动示意性表达规则完善和方法优化,能够进一步提升地图示意性表达的实用性。     

The habitation Model Trend Calculation (MTC): A new effective tool for predictive modeling in archaeology

ABSTRACT

The aim of this paper is to create and present a new archaeological predictive model via GIS, incorporating what archaeologists consider the most important criterion absent of similar past models, that of critical thinking. The new model suggested in this paper is named habitation Model Trend Calculation (MTC) and is not only integrates the archaeological questions with a critical view, but it can be easily adjusted, according to the conditions or the questions concerning the archaeological community. Furthermore, it uses new topographical and geomorphological indexes such as Topographical Index (TPI), Hillslope and Landform Classification that give a new sense of the topographical and geomorphological characteristics of the examined area; therefore this model is a more powerful tool compared to older models that did not use new topographical and geomorphological indexes. The success of the created model is checked as a case study in the region of Messenia, Greece during the Mycenaean era. The region of Messenia is considered as one of the most important Mycenaean regions of Greece due to the great number and the importance of Mycenaean sites identified. For the present paper, 140 habitation sites were divided into four hierarchical categories (centers, large villages, villages, and farms) based on the extent and the plurality of the tholos tombs that exist in the broader region and according to the hierarchical categorization used by the archaeologists who have studied the area. The new predictive model presented in this work can assist in solving a series of criticisms that have been expressed in the previous studies regarding such models. Additionally, in the case of Mycenaean Messenia, the model shows excellent results in relation to the habitats of the time.     

宗海图编绘要素在AutoCAD中的实现技术方法探讨

宗海图是用海项目确权、范围界定的重要载体,考虑到宗海图编绘过程中各制图要素的重要性,本文通过分析宗海图编绘规范中关于比例尺、地图注记和图式等相关要求,结合在Auto CAD软件中的实现方法进行了探讨,期望以此实现宗海图编绘过程的规范化。     

Regional-typological study and mapping of geosystems: analysis of the implementation

We give an outline of the scientific-methodological principles of using the regional-typological approach in geographical research. Based on analyzing cartographic products, we demonstrate the differences in understanding and implementing the approach. The structurallogical schematic diagram for the regional-typological approach has been developed, which opens up possibilities for its implementation in the study and mapping of geosystems and can provide an integral, systemic idea of this approach.     

Where Are Porphyry Copper Deposits Spatially Localized? A Case Study in Benguet Province,Philippines

To provide guides for exploration of porphyry copper mineralization at a district scale, we examine the spatial association between known porphyry copper deposits and geologic features in Benguet, Philippines. The spatial associations between the porphyry copper deposits and strike-slip fault discontinuities, batholithic pluton margins and porphyry plutons are quantified using weights of evidence modeling. In the training and testing district, the porphyry copper occurrences are associated spatially with strike-slip fault discontinuities, batholithic pluton margins and contacts of porphyry plutons within distances of 3 km, 2.25 km, and 1 km, respectively. In addition, the porphyry plutons are associated spatially with strike-slip fault discontinuities and contacts of batholithic plutons within a distance of 2.25 km and 3 km, respectively. Based on these significant spatial associations, predictive maps are generated to delineate zones favorable for porphyry copper mineralization and zones favorable for emplacement of porphyry plutons in Benguet province, Philippines. Validations of the predictive models demonstrate their efficacy in pointing to zones for subsequent follow-up exploration work.     

1991年江淮流域梅雨结束预报的分析与讨论

1991年江淮梅雨结束，在预报上具有相当难度。由于ECMWF数值预报出现重大偏差，曾一度造成业务预报的重大分歧，增加了预报决策的困难。作者客观地反映当时预报的实况，其目的在于剖析预报分歧中的症结，并由此提出预报员的经验可以弥补单一预报工具的不足，修正数值预报产品的误差，从而提高预报准确率。     

山东区域汛期旱涝预测概论

对1951－2000年期间汛期（6－8月）山东区域旱涝与全国主要多雨带的8个分布类型的逐年对应关系进行了具体的对比和论述。并对烟台、青岛、潍坊、济南、临沂、菏泽等6个地区汛期旱涝的天文、海洋、大气环流和气象要素等方面的预报物理因子进行了全面的普查、筛选、精选和综合分析，并分别建立了汛期降水量预报物理方程。并以青岛地区为例，对汛期降水理的多种交叉学科的预报物理因子进行了最优集成，为青岛地区和水量和旱涝建立了分多级的可操作的预报物理模型。该文优选出来的汛期降水的多学科物理因子对短期气候预测有重要的学术意义，其中所建立的预报物理方程和预报物理模型对山东省各区汛期旱涝的季度和年度预报有重要的应用价值。