新一代天气雷达资料的共享

凭借现有的2M业务宽带和In ternet网络,建立一个各市、县局雷达资料共享平台,实现了广西各市气象局和桂林市各县气象局都能够实时调用桂林雷达产品。     

北太平洋夏季大气环流的持续性异常及其对中国天气的影响

对太平洋北部持续性异常的研究表明，正、负异常的形热从发生、发展到消亡的演变过程十分相似，它们都始于东亚及西太平洋区域距平形势的变化，并在北太平洋及东亚地区出现一规则排列的距平异常区域，东亚及整个北半球的大气环流也相应地发生变化。太平洋北部环流的持续性异常对东亚特别是中国夏季的天气异常有重要影响。诊断分析和数值试验表明，夏季太平洋北部大气环流发生持续性异常与太平洋中低纬的海温异常关系密切。     

The information system of the French Peatland Observation Service: Service National d'Observation Tourbières – A valuable tool to assess the impact of global changes on the hydrology and biogeochemistry of temperate peatlands through long term monitoring

Mitigating and adapting to global changes requires a better understanding of the response of the Biosphere to these environmental variations. Human disturbances and their effects act in the long term (decades to centuries) and consequently, a similar time frame is needed to fully understand the hydrological and biogeochemical functioning of a natural system. To this end, the ‘Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique’ (CNRS) promotes and certifies long-term monitoring tools called national observation services or ‘Service National d'Observation’ (SNO) in a large range of hydrological and biogeochemical systems (e.g., cryosphere, catchments, aquifers). The SNO investigating peatlands, the SNO ‘Tourbières’, was certified in 2011 ( https://www.sno-tourbieres.cnrs.fr/ ). Peatlands are mostly found in the high latitudes of the northern hemisphere and French peatlands are located in the southern part of this area. Thus, they are located in environmental conditions that will occur in northern peatlands in coming decades or centuries and can be considered as sentinels. The SNO Tourbières is composed of four peatlands: La Guette (lowland central France), Landemarais (lowland oceanic western France), Frasne (upland continental eastern France) and Bernadouze (upland southern France). Thirty target variables are monitored to study the hydrological and biogeochemical functioning of the sites. They are grouped into four datasets: hydrology, fluvial export of organic matter, greenhouse gas fluxes and meteorology/soil physics. The data from all sites follow a common processing chain from the sensors to the public repository. The raw data are stored on an FTP server. After operator or automatic processing, data are stored in a database, from which a web application extracts the data to make them available ( https://data-snot.cnrs.fr/data-access/ ). Each year at least, an archive of each dataset is stored in Zenodo, with a digital object identifier (DOI) attribution ( https://zenodo.org/communities/sno_tourbieres_data/ ).     

2003年9月27日中、俄、蒙边界Ms7.9地震震源机制及破裂过程研究

从IRIS全球数字地震台网长周期记录中, 选取震中距位于30deg;~90deg;的垂直向远震P波资料, 反演了2003年9月27日中、 俄、 蒙边界MS7.9地震及10月1日MS7.3强余震的地震矩张量解, 研究了MS7.9地震的时空破裂过程. 参考余震的空间分布及周围断层走向, 确定MS7.9地震发震断层走向127deg;、倾角为79deg;、滑动角为171deg;. MS7.9地震震源破裂过程反演结果表明,整个破裂过程持续了37 s,释放标量地震矩0.97times;1020 Nmiddot;m. 破裂主要发生在长110 km, 宽30 km的中地壳以上,最大位错3.6 m. 起始破裂处不是滑动量最大的地方. 断层面上显示出两个显著的、滑动量超过2.0 m的破裂区. 破裂传播至MS7.3震源区附近时, 滑动量迅速减小,显示出破裂传播过程的受阻停止, 反映了障碍体引起的破裂过程的不均匀性.      

静态密闭状态下大甸子井孔隙度与体积压缩系数时序特征分析

以内蒙古大甸子观测井为数据收集对象,利用原始水位观测数据得到该井静态密闭下气压系数、水位与气压的关系以及孔隙度与气压系数的关系,从而分析该井静态密闭状态下孔隙度与体积压缩系数时序特征。结果表明,孔隙度与固体骨架的体积压缩系数和含水层内水的体积压缩系数间存在幂函数关系;在第一象限内,各井含水层介质固体骨架的体积压缩系数随着孔隙度的增大而增大;含水层内水的体积压缩系数随着孔隙度的增大而减小。     

浅谈地理国情普查成果质量检查与验收流程

本文结合湖南省地理国情普查成果质量检查与验收的实际工作情况,根据相关标准规范,对改进和细化后的地理国情普查成果检查验收流程进行总结阐述。     

鄂尔多斯盆地董志——正宁地区原油地球化学特征与成因

鄂尔多斯盆地董志—正宁地区是该盆地中生界油气勘探新区,对该地区原油的地球化学进行研究,了解原油的成因,可以为该地区石油勘探和开发提供科学依据。本研究首次对采集于董志—正宁地区原油和鄂尔多斯盆地烃源岩的烃类生物标志化合物进行了系统的分析,研究了它们的地球化学特征。原油中各类烃类生物标志化合物分布和组成特征指示了原油形成于...     

贵州茂兰峰丛草地洼地小流域侵蚀产沙的137Cs法研究

在贵州茂兰峰丛洼地区的工程碑草地洼地典型小流域进行了洼地沉积泥沙^137Cs示踪分析研究。研究结果表明：（1）草地洼地土壤剖面属于堆积土壤剖面,土壤剖面中^137Cs浓度分布特征反映了泥沙堆积与表层土壤侵蚀的信息。受岩土分布、微地形的影响,^137Cs初始沉降后出现不均匀再分布,面积活度的空间变化较大,变异系数为1.35,不能表征土壤侵蚀状况。（2）根据草地洼地典型堆积农耕地土壤剖面A-1的^137Cs浓度分布特征,1963年以来的流域平均堆积泥沙数量是16.6t/km^2.a,流域平均土壤侵蚀速率为45.95t/km^2.a,约占侵蚀产沙数量63.88%的泥沙以地下流失的形式散失;（3）草地洼地小流域内地面土壤流失与地下土壤流失的相对贡献率分别是70.13%和29.87%;（4）以茂兰地区最大成土速率为依据推算出的允许土壤侵蚀量是13.51t/km^2.a,草地洼地的土壤侵蚀危险程度极高。     

Merging of low-mass systems and the origin of the fundamental plane

We present the preliminary results of a study of how small stellar systems merge to form larger ones. As we display the families of galaxies in the μ_e - R_e plane (effective surface brightness versus effective radius) we realize that different morphological types occupy different loci, evidencing the different physical mechanisms operating in each family. As proposed by Capaccioli et al. (1992) this diagram is the logical equivalent of the HR diagram for stars. Here we take some initial steps in understanding of how we can establish the evolutionary tracks, solely due to dynamical processes, in the μ_e - R_e plane, ultimately making a dwarf elliptical to turn into a normal elliptical galaxy. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

黄土丘陵沟壑区流域系统侵蚀与产沙关系

从长期来看流域系统的侵蚀与产沙基本可以达到平衡,泥沙输移比约等于１。但次降雨或分年度泥沙输移比有相当大的变幅,在短期内会经常存在泥沙的滞留和滞留的泥沙被重新锓蚀搬运,而出现泥沙输移比小于１和大于１的情况。这主要与降雨的空间分布和洪峰增减幅度及径流深度增减幅度密切相关。流域系统次降雨泥沙输移比及各级沟道含沙水流的挟沙能力变化可用单位面积上洪峰增减幅度变化时暴雨洪水的剪切力的转化机制来描述。