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61.
粒度分析在塔克拉玛干沙漠研究中的应用 总被引:18,自引:6,他引:18
本文重点探讨了塔克拉玛干沙漠的风成沙粒度组成特征及其与物源的关系,同时对沙丘的下伏地层沙、现代河流沙及丘间地沙的粒度组成也进行了对比。通过对该沙漠第四纪沉积物的粒度分析,证实了风成沙的粒度分布以极细沙为主,不含粗沙,粉沙含量极小;粒度组合、分选主要受营力和源区物质制约,结果使粒度空间分布形成格局。总之,通过粒度分析得到一系列量化指征,可为研究风沙流运动,探讨沉积环境和改造沙漠、发展沙产业提供理论依据。 相似文献
62.
波,流联合作用下的近岸海底沙波稳定性研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
近岸海底大型沙波是一种研究较为薄弱的地貌单元,但它的迁移对港口、航道和海底电缆及钻井平台、输油管道等海洋工程设施建设造成的危害极大。在综述目前国内外有关研究文献的基础上,概要地介绍了作者提出的一种较为简便、省力和有效的沙波迁移速率和沙波稳定性定量评价和预测方法,旨在提高航道通航能力和海洋工程建设的灾害防治和预测能力 相似文献
63.
The time evolution of stratospheric aerosol layer formed after a volcanic eruption is studied taking into account the aerosol
microphysical processes of growth, coagulation and sedimentation. Using a simple model we could explain the observed evolution
of the Pinatubo volcanic layer which decayed in about 3 years. The experimental data obtained by Nd:YAG backscatter lidar
over Ahmedabad further supports this finding. The data obtained after the El Chichon volcanic eruption also showed that the
El Chichon aerosol layer decayed in about 3 years time. Thus, though the amount of SO2 injected has been higher, in the case of Pinatubo, about two to three times more than El Chichon, it has resulted in the
production of larger aerosol particles due to faster growth and coagulation processes, and subsequently a faster removal rate,
to give more or less a similar background aerosol amount at the stratosphere in about 3 years time. 相似文献
64.
Study of the liquefaction resistance of a saturated sand reinforced with Geosynthetics 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This article presents various tests using a cyclic triaxial instrument, on samples of saturated Hostun RF sand, reinforced with circular sheets of geosynthetic material. Tests performed with different types of geosynthetics of different compressibility, rigidity and roughness characteristics indicate a significant increase in liquefaction resistance for samples reinforced with compressible, non-woven geotextiles. The undrained behaviour of saturated Hostun RF sand reinforced with non-woven geotextiles is analysed on the basis of different test series. This analysis highlights the influence of reinforcement compressibility on interstitial pressure distribution in the sample, thus showing the role of this type of inclusion in the increase in liquefaction resistance. 相似文献
65.
珊瑚礁工程地质研究的内容和方法 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
珊瑚礁工程地质研究的主要内容为珊瑚礁自然地质条件、珊瑚礁岩土物理力学性质和珊瑚礁混凝土料问题。除了通常的工程地质研究方法外, 着重介绍珊瑚礁工程地质研究的钻探、触探和地球物理勘测方法。 相似文献
66.
1 INTRODUCTION Sitting in the central part of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou is one of the cities in China that are most polluted by acid rain. Broad attention has been brought to the problem. Since the early 1980s, a series of observation and studies h… 相似文献
67.
榆林风沙滩区水资源可持续利用对策与建议 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文在对榆林风沙滩区内水资源条件、开发利用现状及存在问题等调查研究资料进行深入分析的基础上,结合国民经济各业未来发展对水资源的需求情况,确定了未来不同水平年的需水量和供水量,并通过供需平衡分析,提出了解决水资源短缺的途径和实现水资源合理开发利用的建议. 相似文献
68.
A model was developed and analyzed to quantify the effect of graded sediment on the formation of tidal sand ridges. Field data reveal coarse (fine) sediment at the crests (in the troughs), but often phase shifts between the mean grain-size distribution and the bottom topography occur. Following earlier work, this study is based on a linear stability analysis of a basic state with respect to small bottom perturbations. The basic state describes an alongshore tidal current on a coastal shelf. Sediment is transported as bed load and dynamic hiding effects are accounted for. A one-layer model for the bed evolution is used and two grain size classes (fine and coarse sand) are considered. Results indicate an increase in growth and migration rates of tidal sand ridges for a bimodal mixture, whilst the wavelength of the ridges remains unchanged. A symmetrical externally forced tidal current results in a grain-size distribution which is in phase with the ridges. Incorporation of an additional external M4 tidal constituent or a steady current results in a phase shift between the grain-size distribution and ridge topography. These results show a general agreement with observations. The physical mechanism responsible for the observed grain-size distribution over the ridges is also discussed.Responsible Editor: Jens Kappenberg 相似文献
69.
Jiongxin Xu 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2004,29(5):645-657
A comparison has been made between the hydraulic geometry of sand‐ and gravel‐bed rivers, based on data from alluvial rivers around the world. The results indicate a signi?cant difference in hydraulic geometry among sand‐ and gravel‐bed rivers with different channel patterns. On this basis, some diagrams for discrimination of meandering and braided channel patterns have been established. The relationships between channel width and water discharge, between channel depth and water discharge, between width–depth ratio and water discharge and between channel slope and water discharge can all be used for channel pattern discrimination. The relationship between channel width and channel depth can also be used for channel pattern discrimination. However, the accuracy of these relationships for channel pattern discrimination varies, and the depth–discharge relationship is a better discriminator of pattern type than the classic slope–discharge function. The cause for this difference has been explained qualitatively. To predict the development of channel patterns under different natural conditions, the pattern discriminator should be searched on the basis of independent or at least semi‐independent variables. The relationship between stream power and bed material grain size can be used to discriminate channel patterns, which shows a better result than the discriminator using the slope–discharge relationship. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
70.
Transverse dunes appear in regions of mainly unidirectional wind and high sand availability. A dune model is extended to two‐dimensional calculation of the shear stress. It is applied to simulate dynamics and morphology of three‐dimensional transverse dunes. In the simulations they seem to reach translational invariance and do not stop growing. Hence, simulations of two‐dimensional dune ?elds have been performed. Characteristic laws were found for the time evolution of transverse dunes. Bagnold's law of the dune velocity is modi?ed and reproduced. The interaction between transverse dunes led to the interesting conclusion that small dunes can travel over bigger ones. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献