The Swedish Geotechnical Society’s methodology for risk management: a tool for engineers in their everyday work

The Swedish Geotechnical Society has adopted a general methodology for risk management in geotechnical engineering projects to reduce the costs related to negative outcomes of geotechnical risks. This technical note highlights the main features of the methodology and strives to inspire the international geotechnical community to apply sensible risk management methods. In the authors’ opinion, a successful geotechnical risk management needs to be structured, be tailored to the project, and permeate the engineers’ everyday work. Then, sufficient quality can be achieved in the project with larger probability.     

基于不同邻近标签数选择的LANDMARC定位算法研究

对于基于射频识别的LANDMARC室内定位算法而言,该系统采用"k近邻"算法,通过选取k个与待测标签相邻且符合特定条件的参考标签,最后根据这些标签的位置结合权值估算出待测标签的坐标信息.但是在实际的操作过程中,最近邻参考标签数的选取无指导原则,具有一定的盲目性.针对这一问题,通过选取与待定位参考点最近邻的参考节点作为未知点,通过搜索法获得最优的邻近标签数k,在随后的未知节点的定位过程中,选取k个邻近标签进行定位.经过多次实验,最终得出结论,使用改进后的LANDMARC算法的性能要优于原来经典的LANDMARC算法,精确度提升了10%左右,同时避免了k值选取的盲目性.     

利用上海台阵对常熟2001年2002年震群的精定位

2001年6月上海台阵正式运行,上海台阵的建立提高了上海及周边地区的地震监测能力.本文着重在定位方法和震相判读上,充分利用上海台阵整体观测系统的优势和台阵独特的数据处理方法,对常熟2001年和2002年二次小地震序列进行了精确定位.对精确定位的结果进行了对比与分析,并以此为基础,对常熟地区及周边的地质构造等进行了解释与推断.     

苏州水乡古镇旅游形象定位研究——以部分水乡古镇为例

古镇旅游是当今旅游市场的新宠,苏州市水乡古镇众多,特色各异,为其水乡古镇旅游发展奠定了良好的资源基础.然而,基于水乡古镇旅游产品的趋同性,使得苏州水乡古镇在旅游业发展中竞争十分激烈,旅游形象战略成为各水乡古镇旅游业可持续发展的重要战略之一.文章从苏州各水乡古镇的旅游形象宣传口号出发,对部分水乡古镇旅游形象定位进行了对比分析,在此基础上,确定了苏州水乡古镇旅游形象定位的原则,提出旅游形象定位的建议,以期促进其旅游业的协调和可持续发展.     

北斗混合星座分层约束下的精密定轨方法

针对北斗导航卫星系统首创的GEO+IGSO+MEO混合星座设计,本文研究了根据不同星座,采取不同约束条件和数据处理策略的北斗卫星精密定轨方法,提出了一种针对北斗系统混合星座的分层约束精密定轨方案.该方案首先将北斗卫星分为非GEO(IGSO/MEO)和GEO两部分进行解算,利用GPS解算的公共参数对北斗IGSO/MEO精...     

Sensitivity of penman-monteith reference crop evapotranspiration in Tao’er River Basin of northeastern China

A non-dimensional relative sensitivity coefficient was employed to predict the responses of reference crop evapotranspiration （ET0） to perturbation of four climate variables in Tao＇er River Basin of the northeastern China. Mean monthly ET0 and yearly ET0 from 1961 to 2005 were estimated with the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith Equation. A 45-year historical dataset of average monthly maximum/minimum air temperature, mean air temperature, wind speed, sunshine hours and relative humidity from 15 meteorological stations was used in the analysis. Results show that： 1） Sensitivity coefficients of wind speed, air temperature and sunshine hours were positive except for those of air temperature of Arxan Meteorological Station, while those of relative humidity were all negative. Relative humidity was the most sensitive variable in general for the Tao＇er River Basin, followed by sunshine hours, wind speed and air temperature. 2） Similar to climate variable, monthly sensitivity coefficients exhibit large annual fluctuations. 3） Sensitivity coefficients for four climate variables all showed significant trends in seasonal/yearly series. Also, sensitivity coefficients of air temperature, sunshine hours and wind speed all showed significant trends in spring. 4） Among all sensitivity coefficients, the average yearly sensitivity coefficient of relative humidity was highest throughout the basin and showed largest spatial variability. Longitudinal distribution of sensitivity coefficients for air temperature, relative humidity and sunshine hours was also found, which was similar to the distribution of the three climate variables.     

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VRS RTK在地籍测量中的应用与研究

为了解决地籍测量外业要求时间短、精度较高等技术问题,在理论研究的基础上,在某市城区采用了VRS RTK技术建立测量控制网.通过成果分析得知.由于基于载波相位的GPS相对定位具有较高精度,只要控制网变形可以忽略或者进行建模,则不需要进行相邻控制点的联测,因此布设VRS RTK是非常适合的,减少了传统控制网埋石造标工作量.在RTK多测站解算中,建立了由电离层、对流层和卫星轨道引起的GPS观测误差在空间和时间的相关模型,得出在人口密集或重要经济地区布设局域GPS网的设计与测量模式.     

浙江省地质遗迹保护工作现状与面临的任务

本文以浙江省地质遗迹的展布特点 ,根据目前地质遗迹保护工作现状和存在的主要问题 ,提出了我省地质遗迹保护工作的任务与拟建地质遗迹保护区参考名录     

华北区域分米级北斗地基增强服务系统构建及精度分析

利用国家级北斗连续运行基准站和省级区域北斗CORS站,基于国家卫星导航定位服务平台,通过改造和直接利用的方式,在华北平原构建了我国首个跨区域北斗分米级地基增强服务系统。经采用双频终端实地测试,该系统覆盖京津冀晋全部区域及内蒙古部分区域,采用GPS+北斗双模定位静态精度达到分米级,动态定位精度达到亚米级,单北斗模式定位精度略低,但仍在分米-亚米量级,极大地提高了我国北斗导航系统的高精度应用能力,拓宽了我国北斗民用导航的应用范围和领域,可满足高精度北斗实时导航、定位服务的应用需求。