隧（巷）道测量瞄准误差与觇标选取

根据隧（巷）道双欠观测值的统计资料，分析觇标对瞄准误差的影响，提出觇标的选取方法的观测中注意的问题。     

机载GPS、姿态和激光扫描测距集成定位系统的精确定位方程、误差分析与精度评估

全球定位系统（GPS），姿态测量（惯性导航系统（INS））和激光扫描测距技术集成的直接空对地定位系统是近年来遥感与测绘领域发展起来的新型定位技术，是定量化三维遥感中获取地面几何信息和生成数字高程模型的主要新技术手段之一。该文给出了该系统的精确定位方程，分析了误差源对定位精度的影响，并给出了数量级评估。结果对实际应用具有重要的参考价值。     

测雹板标定试验研究

对聚苯乙烯测雹板性能的检定试验以及1988－1998年野外观测取样结果表明：（1）聚苯乙烯测雹板性能稳定，吸湿性差，能经受风吹、雨打、日晒，不变形、不变质，适合在野外雹暴天气中使用。（2）聚苯乙烯材料弹性小，测量误差小，模拟风、雨等天气条件时，平均误差为4.3%－12.2%。因此，可以较准确地测出野外实际冰雹大小及数密度。     

顾及起始数据误差的双点测边交会的精度计算

推导了起始数据误差对双点测边交会定点精度影响的估算式，并依此给出顾及起始数据误差的点位精度计算公式。     

地图数字化误差分析及探讨

文章分析了地图数字化误差的分类和主要来源,在目前研究现状的基础上,引入了分形分维理论,作者主要研究了分形分维理论在地图数字化误差分析中的应用 ,并通过实验分析,得到一定的结论.     

Energy Balance Of A Sparse Coniferous High-Latitude Forest Under Winter Conditions

Measurements carried out in Northern Finland on radiation and turbulent fluxes over a sparse, sub-arctic boreal forest with snow covered ground were analysed. The measurements represent late winter conditions characterised by low solar elevation angles. During the experiment (12–24 March 1997) day and night were about equally long. At low solar elevation angles the forest shades most of the snow surface. Therefore an important part of the radiation never reaches the snow surface but is absorbed by the forest. The sensible heat flux above the forest was fairly large, reaching more than 100 W m^-2. The measurements of sensible heat flux within and above the forest revealed that the sensible heat flux from the snow surface is negligible and the sensible heat flux above the forest stems from warming of the trees. A simple model for the surface energy balance of a sparse forest is presented. The model treats the diffuse and direct shortwave (solar) radiation separately. It introduces a factor that accounts for the shading of the ground at low solar elevation angles, and a parameter that deals with the partial transparency of the forest.Input to the model are the direct and diffuse incoming shortwave radiation.Measurements of the global radiation (direct plus diffuse incoming shortwaveradiation) above the forest revealed a considerable attenuation of the globalradiation at low solar elevation. A relation for the atmospheric turbidity asfunction of the solar elevation angle is suggested. The global radiation wassimulated for a three month period. For conditions with a cloud cover of lessthan 7 oktas good agreement between model predictions and measurementswere found. For cloud cover 7 and 8 oktas a considerable spread can beobserved. To apply the proposed energy balance model, the global radiationmust be separated into its diffuse and direct components. We propose a simpleempirical relationship between diffuse shortwave and global radiation asfunction of cloud cover.     

利用卫星资料试作青藏高原地表净辐射场的气候反演

利用 ERBE和 ISCCP卫星辐射及总云量资料 ,结合已提出的地表短波吸收辐射 ,大气逆辐射以及地表长波辐射的气候反演方法 ,计算出 2 5°～ 4 0°N,75°～ 95°E间 2 .5°× 2 .5°经纬度网络点及高原 63个站点的各月平均地表净辐射 ,绘制出其在高原的分布图 ,揭示其时空分布特征。     

关于若干化探数据处理方法的讨论

化探数据处理中的系统误差校正和异常识别方法很多，移动标准化法、分区标准化法和衬度系数法是其中的几种方法，主要对这几种方法做了简单的介绍并对其效果进行了对比，最后着重讨论了C型变换法的优点。     

边角权匹配对城市大型导线网平差结果精度影响分析

通过某工业城市大型一级导线网观测成果的限差检验、观测数据处理，探讨导线网平差时、，边、角验权的合理选择和匹配，及其对平差结果的精度影响，从中得出一些认识和有益的经验。     

扫描数字化地图数据的误差构成及精度分析

从扫描数字化的基本原理及实施过程出发，分析了基于大比例尺地形图的扫描数字化的误差来源，着重讨论了影响扫描数字化数据结果精度的主要原因及采取的措施。