数字化3cm天气雷达定量测量降水的结果和讨论

本文讨论了3cm天气雷达在兰州地区定量测量降水及其精度;分析了不同降水类型和衰减等对测量的影响;讨论了地面雨量计订正雷达测量值的方法和效果。     

Wind fluctuations near a cold vortex-tropopause funnel system observed by the MU radar

Vertical and temporal variations of three-dimensional wind velocity associated with an upper-tropospheric cold vortex-tropopause funnel system were observed by an MST radar in Japan (the MU radar). Marked changes of vertical velocity and horizontal wind direction were found between the inside and outside of the cold vortex. The vertical velocity activity outside the vortex was asymmetric; it was most active in a sector before the vortex. Unsaturated internal gravity waves in their generation stage contribute predominantly to the vertical velocity activity, suggesting that tropospheric occluded cyclones may be a possible source of middle-atmospheric gravity waves through the geostrophic adjustment process.     

Internal gravity wave selection in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere observed by the MU radar: Preliminary results

Marked wavelike variations of the lower stratospheric wind observed on 7–10 May, 1985 by an MST radar in Japan (by the MU radar) are analyzed assuming that they are induced by monochromatic internal inertio-gravity waves. These variations are mainly composed of two modes (periods: 22 and 24 hours), both of which have zonal phase velocities (C _X ) slower than the mean westerly wind (). A statistical analysis of the zonal phase velocity shows thatC _X above andC _X below the tropopause jet stream, which is considered to be a vivid proof of wave selection due to the tropospheric mean flow and upward wave emission from the tropopause jet. A comparison between the MU radar results and routine meteorological observations leads to the conclusion that the marked waves appear when the jet stream takes a maximum wind speed.     

A study on the sensitivity of the radar scattering coefficient to oceanic winds

Sensitivity of the radar scattering coefficient to the oceanic wind vector in the midangular range for frequencies from L- to Ku- band is studied. This is based on computations of scattering coefficient via the two-scale scattering theory employing a semi-empirical model for the ocean spectrum suggested by Fung and Lee and the slope distribution by Cox and Munk. Higher frequency and incident angles of over 45 degrees seem to yield better wind sensitivity.     

Digital topography of volcanoes from radar interferometry: an example from Mt Vesuvius,Italy

A new airborne radar technique can generate digital topographic data for volcanoes at a scale of 10 m spatial and 1–5 m vertical, with a swath width of 6.4 km. Called TOPSAR, the intrument is an interferometric radar flown on the NASA DC-8 aircraft. TOPSAR data permit the quantification of volcano slopes, volumes, and heights, and as such will be valuable for the analysis of lava flows, domes, and lahar channels. This instrument will be flown over several volcanoes in the near future, providing volcanologists with valuable data sets for the analysis of high-resolution topography. We briefly illustrate the potential use of TOPSAR data through examples from Mt Somma and Vesuvius, Italy.     

积层混合性暴雨三维动力结构的双多普勒雷达对比分析

对2002年7月22～23日长江中游的积层混合性暴雨的中尺度三维动力结构进行了双多普勒雷达对比观测分析，表明中低层切变线、中尺度辐合线和中尺度气旋是这次强降水的重要特征；不同反演算法得到的三维动力模型差别较大，必须引起重视。     

基于多普勒雷达传输线路的综合探测业务宽带传输网络系统

充分利用多普勒雷达通信资源，综合通信、网络技术，通过建立观测站局域网系统、改造光缆连接方式以及对雷达计算机系统进行技术改造等技术措施，在未增加线路投入及未影响雷达数据通信情况下建立综合探测业务宽带网络传输系统，通信环境得到了很大的改善，报文传输稳定、方便、快捷。     

两种中层大气测风雷达探测原理简介

介绍了中频测风雷达和非相干固态激光测风雷达探测60～100km高度内中层大气风场时产生回波的机制、测风的基本原理，以及雷达系统的组成情况。测定该高度内的风场对于发射人造卫星、航天器和洲际导弹等均有重要的意义，也是作空间天气预报的重要气象参数。     

盛夏强降水的多普勒雷达回波特征的初步分析

使用红外云图、多普勒雷达回波的强度场、速度场及VAD产品，对2002年7月24日夜间至25日凌晨的中天山及其北部地区的强降水天气过程进行了分析、诊断，得出对降水过程不同时段临近预报有指导意义的结论和指标。     

新生单体在中空发展成降雹单体的一次过程分析

根据2002年8月5日新疆昭苏盆地的雷达回波资料，对该雹云初始雷达回波的出现及演变过程的主要特征进行分析。