应用线性合成概率方法探讨青藏高原北部地区强震趋势

基于周期谱分析基础上的线性合成概率预测方法,对青藏高原北部地区Ms≥7.0、Ms≥6.5强震进行了试验性研究,并利用其结果作为预测依据,对青藏高原北部地区强震趋势做了初步估计.利用该方法,本文还对东昆仑断裂带1900年以来的Ms≥7.0强震进行了研究.     

Joint probability density function of the stochastic responses of nonlinear structures

The joint probability density fimction （PDF） of different structural responses is a very important topic in the stochastic response analysis of nonlinear structures. In this paper, the probability density evolution method, which is successfully developed to capture the instantaneous PDF of an arbitrary single response of interest, is extended to evaluate the joint PDF of any two responses. A two-dimensional partial differential equation in terms of the joint PDF is established. The strategy of selecting representative points via the number theoretical method and sieved by a hyper-ellipsoid is outlined. A two-dimensional difference scheme is developed. The free vibration of an SDOF system is examined to verify the proposed method, and a flame structure exhibiting hysteresis subjected to stochastic ground motion is investigated. It is pointed out that the correlation of different responses results from the fact that randomness of different responses comes from the same set of basic random parameters involved. In other words, the essence of the probabilistic correlation is a physical correlation.     

Application of saddlepoint approximation in reliability analysis of dynamic systems

The application of the saddlepoint approximation to reliability analysis of dynamic systems is investigated. The failure event in reliability problems is formulated as the exceedance of a single performance variable over a prescribed threshold level. The saddlepoint approximation technique provides a choice to estimate the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the performance variable. The failure probability is obtained as the value of the complement CDF at a specif ied threshold. The method requires computing the saddlepoint from a simple algebraic equation that depends on the cumulant generating function (CGF) of the performance variable. A method for calculating the saddlepoint using random samples of the performance variable is presented. The applicable region of the saddlepoint approximation is discussed in detail. A 10-story shear building model with white noise excitation illustrates the accuracy and effi ciency of the proposed methodology.     

基于性能的地震工程研究的新进展及对结构非线性分析的要求

结合国际地震工程界提出的新一代基于性能的地震工程的框架方法,重点阐述了性能评估中涉及的主要问题。对性能评估使用的静力非线性分析、动力非线性分析方法进行了总结,在此基础上详细阐述了在基于概率的性能评估中有应用前景的增量动力分析方法的概念、相关问题及其应用,并简要介绍了基于增量动力分析思想提出的一些简化方法。最后提出了今后研究的建议,特别是结构非线性分析方面的研究重点。     

独立参数降雹条件概率法识别雹云之探讨

利用江苏盐城和福建雷达回波资料，探空资料，天气实况，对独立参数降雹条件概率法识别雹云的应用范围，零度层高度对识别准确率的影响以及如何选取区分水平高的参数等问题进行了探讨，得出一些有意义的结论，有一定的实用价值。     

What has seismic missed?

The relative efficiencies of alternative geometric patterns of both discrete borehole and continuous grid line search have been extensively discussed in the mathematical geology literature. However, an equally important problem has received virtually no attention: How to use a sample of properties of geologic anomalies detected by grid line search of a region to estimate systematically both the number and size distribution of geologic anomalies missed by the search. We show how estimation methods developed in the sample survey design literature can be adapted to this problem, and we apply these methods to data describing 94 anomalies identified by a seismic reconnaissance survey.     

南水北调中线工程交叉建筑物水毁风险分析

南水北调中线工程输水总干渠上需建数以百计的河渠交叉建筑物。总干渠经过地区为暴雨多发区，只要其中任一座遭遇特大洪水而失事，干渠供水将会受到影响。对这些交叉建筑物进行水毁风险分析，是此项工程规划、设计和运行管理的供输水风险评价和可靠度分析必不可少的组成部分。主要从水文风险要素的辨识入手，采用概率组合法，建立了整个总干渠洪水水毁风险计算的框架，并提出了二维复合事件的风险计算模型。所建模型巧妙地解决了各交     

月降水量的持续性分析

根据1951—1990年全国160站月降水量资料,通过计算相关系数、相关概率和持续性比,统计分析降水量的月际持续性特点.其结果可为月尺度降水的长期预报提供有关信息和相应的气候概况.     

浅源强震的判据和发震概率

根据确定潜在震源区的多判据原理,强震的发生不仅要满足准静态强度条件,而且必须具备突发释放足够能量的条件,而所有这些条件可以通过突发应力降判据、总能量判据和强度判据加以表达。本文建立了它们相应的概率表达式和估计发震总概率的方法,并针对我国28例地震进行了验算