Complex behaviour of a coal sample in a large scalein situ compression test

Summary A large scalein situ compression test of a laminated coal cube is described. The cube was uniformly loaded by a system of hydraulic jacks supplied simultaneously from one pump. At the same time both load and deformations were controlled. Deformations were measured by 60 longitudinal gauges located at the side surface of the cube in the regular net. Due to the heterogeneity of the rock the readings showed scatter. As a first approximation, the scattered data were fitted to the plane using the least square method. Orientations of the planes were analysed and show permanent relative movement between adjacent lamina indicating complex behaviour of the cube under loading. Detailed analysis of this behaviour indicated that the cube was subjected to both bending and twisting.     

康定杂岩时代及成因探讨

康定杂岩是康滇地轴上一套复杂岩系，由紫苏辉长质暗色杂岩、英云闪长质浅色杂岩及复成分混合杂岩构成。岩石结构构构造，铀、钍及稀土特表明，主体为岩浆杂岩，包含大量具层状痕迹的变质杂岩。大量的锆石Ｕ－Ｐｂ年龄及其它同位素年龄表明，岩浆岩属晋宁－澄江期。变质杂岩时代与河口群相当。     

华北型煤田矿井突水灾害的防治

我国华北型煤田矿井中具有多层含水层，常发生底板突水事件，为了对突水灾害的防治，本文提出了切实可行的步骤，并利用水力学概念模型，研究了该类型矿井的突水量规律及其防治方法。     

龙羊峡水库库岸高边坡地下水位预测

龙羊峡水库近坝库岸高边坡稳定性是影响该工程安全和充分发挥电站经济效益的关键问题，而高边坡中地下水位的预测是稳定性评价中一项重要内容。本文以高边坡实际地质结构为背景，建立了地下水剖面二维流数学模型，运用初流量法求其均值解。结果同观测资料吻合较好，并对未来１０年地下水位动态作了预测。     

华南滨海断裂带地震危险性的数学模拟

华南滨海断裂带是南海北部规模巨大的活动断裂，其地震危险性的确定将为地震几地震工程提供地质背景依据，应用二维有限元分析和正交设计法反演南海北部及其今近地区的构造应力场，探讨可能发震的危险地段。研究结果表明，滨海断裂带的某些地段，尤其是滨海断裂带被ＮＷ向断裂切割的部位有一定的地震危险性。南海北部地区最主要的地震威胁来自巴士系断裂带和珠江口盆地南缘的ＮＷＷ向断裂带，对华南滨海断理解带潜在的地震危险性不宜     

中国大陆原地复发强震的基本特征及其预测

在印度板块与欧亚块相碰撞形成的喜马拉雅弧板块边界力作用下，中国大陆有自己独特的现代构造运动和地震活动基本格架。格架是两组近似于对数螺线的现代构造滑移线，即最大剪切应力和剪切应变集中释放的区，带。在这种格架控制下，强震和大震在原地或基本在原地重复发生是中国大陆地震活动的重要特征。本文还提出了ｉ－ｆ－ｊ复发轮回模式和估计当前轮回强震复发时间的概率分布以及计算未来强震复发概率分式。为中，长期预测原地复发     

1994年2月16日共和5.8级地震短临预报实况

本文真实地再了１９９４年２月１６日青海共和５．８级地震前前兆异常的发展过程及对该地震的短临预报过程，同时系统地分析了前兆异常在时间，空间及种数上的分布特征。指出，在有一定前兆监测能力的地区，对一些较大地震作出一定的或成功的短临预报是有希望的。     

Characteristics of horizontal crustal deformation in Japan as deduced from frequency distribution of maximum shear strain rate

In order to study characteristics of horizontal crustal strains, we divide the Japanese Islands into 14 tectonic provinces consistent with the suggestion given byMatsuda (1990). We calculate frequency distribution of strain rates using the results of the Precise Control Survey initiated by the Geographical Survey Institute in 1973. This survey is a revision of old first- and second-order triangulation networks by trilateration. The principal axes and principal strains inside all the geodetic triangles are deduced from the comparison of the old triangulation and the new trilateration networks. The maximum shear strain rates are calculated by dividing the accumulated strains with the time intervals. The frequency distribution of strain rates is counted for each tectonic province and for the entire Japanese Islands. It is proved that the maximum shear strain rate with highest frequency ranges from 0.10–0.15 microstrain/a for 4409 data in the Japanese Islands. The mean value of the strain rates throughout the Japanese Islands is deduced to be 0.18 microstrain/a. We also calculated a mean value of strain rates for each tectonic province. Comparison is made between mean geodetic strain rates in the provinces and Quaternary strain rates estimated by geomorphic data. It is found that 0.3–0.4 microstrain/a of the highest order strain rate is now prevailing in the Izu province, the south Fossa-Magna collision zone, and some special provinces along the eastern part of the Japan Sea coast.     

归一化植被指数与降水量、土壤湿度的关系

归一化植被指数是描述植被绿度及生长状况的指数，由于植被生长依赖于环境条件因此ＮＤＶＩ与环境参量的关系是应用ＮＤＶＩ监测环境状况的基础。分别应用位于中国北部的干旱及半干旱地区的降水量资料对ＮＤＶＩ与降水量之间的关系地分析，结果表明仅在干旱半干旱地区生长季末的累积降水量与累积ＮＤＶＩ存在着显著的非线性关系，相关系数为０．７８。