新疆天山成矿带铁磷矿地质及成矿专属性

本文对成矿带内的岩浆岩杂岩体进行了含矿性研究,划分出4个含矿杂岩带与5个矿床成因类型。成矿专属性研究表明:岩浆岩型铁磷矿受古地台边缘深大断裂控制;容矿岩石为主要偏碱性-铁质及铁镁质岩系列;容矿岩石主微量元素明显不和谐;岩石类型共生组合主要表现为黑云母透辉石岩、辉石岩、碱性辉长岩、斜长岩、碳酸岩的共伴生;矿物共生组合主要表现为透辉石+磷灰石+磁铁矿+黑云母,斜长石+磷灰石+磁铁矿+钠黝帘石组合,辉石+磷灰石+磁铁矿等特征;元素的共生组合主要表现为P、Fe、Ti、V、REE具显著相关性。通过预测研究,进行了找矿远景区的划分,划分出具有成矿条件的9个找矿远景区。     

贵州“三稀”元素矿床特征及找矿前景分析

＂三稀＂元素是现代高精尖科学技术重要的战略资源。本文总结和分析了贵州典型＂三稀＂元素矿床的基本特征,将＂三稀＂元素矿床划分为沉积、热液和岩浆作用3种成因和9个类型,并对不同类型矿床的资源潜力进行了探讨。分析认为,沉积、热液成因＂三稀＂元素矿床是地质找矿重点,黑色岩系型、含煤岩系型、铝铁岩系型、磷块岩系型＂三稀＂元素矿床具有重大资源潜力,铅锌矿型、汞锑金矿型＂三稀＂元素矿床具有富集度高和独立成矿优势。对现有优势矿床及其含矿岩系开展＂三稀＂元素资源潜力的再评价是发现共（伴）生＂三稀＂矿产的有效途径,也是构建资源节约型、环境保护型社会的时代要求。     

Holocene palaeoflood events recorded by slackwater deposits along the lower Jinghe River valley,middle Yellow River basin,China

Palaeoflood slackwater deposits (SWDs), are the natural record of overbank flooding and are often found within aeolian loess‐soil profiles along the river valleys of the middle Yellow River basin. These pedo‐stratigraphic sequences are studied using a multi‐disciplinarily approach to reconstruct Holocene hydro‐climatic variations. Our field investigations along the lower Jinghe River valley have identified palaeoflood SWDs at several sites along the riverbanks based on sedimentological criteria. Analytical results, including magnetic susceptibility, particle‐size distribution and concentrations of chemical elements, indicate that these well‐sorted palaeoflood SWD beds were deposited from the suspended sediment load in floodwaters. We identify two episodes of extraordinary palaeoflood events along the Jinghe River valley. These hydro‐climatic events were dated to 4200–4000 and 3200–2800 a BP, by using the optically stimulated luminescence method in combination with archaeological dating of retrieved anthropogenic remains, and with pedo‐stratigraphic correlations with the previously studied Holocene pedo‐stratigraphy in the Jinghe River drainage basin. The flooding events are therefore considered to be a regional expression of known climatic events in the northern hemisphere and demonstrate Holocene climate was far from stable. This study provides important data in understanding the interactions between regional hydro‐climatic systems and global change in semi‐arid and sub‐humid regions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

冀东孤山子航磁异常特征及其找矿前景

[摘 要]冀东孤山子航磁异常为冀东三大航磁异常之一,且位于冀东石人沟-板城铁矿集中区。通过对本区地质构造特征、岩矿石物性及重磁异常特征等进行综合研究,认为孤山子航磁异常并非完全由孤山子基性-超基性岩杂岩体和已控制的浅地表超贫磁铁矿体所引起,进而采用2. 5D 拟合技术进行了定量拟合计算和资源量估算,认为孤山子航磁异常具有较好的找铁矿前景。同时,通过对孤山子航磁异常的推断解释,总结了减少航磁异常解释多解性的思路与做法。     

Source rock potential of selected Cretaceous shales,Orange Basin,South Africa

Twenty Cretaceous shale samples from two wells in the Orange Basin of South Africa were evaluated for their source rock potential. They were sampled from within a 1400 m-thick sequence in boreholes drilled through Lower to Upper Cretaceous sediments. The samples exhibit total organic carbon (TOC) content of 1.06–2.17%; Rock-Eval S2 values of 0.08–2.27 mg HC/g; and petroleum source potential (SP), which is the sum of S1 and S2, of 0.10–2.61 mg HC/g, all indicating the presence of poor to fair hydrocarbon generative potential. Hydrogen index (HI) values vary from 7 to 128 mg HC/g organic carbon and oxygen index (OI) ranges from 37 to 195 mg CO₂/g organic carbon, indicating predominantly Type III kerogen with perhaps minor amounts of Type IV kerogen. The maturity of the samples, as indicated by T _max values of 428–446°C, ranges from immature to thermally mature with respect to oil generation. Measured vitrinite reflectance values (%Ro) of representative samples indicate that these samples vary from immature to mature, consistent with the thermal alteration index (TAI) (spore colour) and fluorescence data for these samples. Organic petrographic analysis also shows that amorphous organic matter is dominant in these samples. Framboidal pyrite is abundant and may be indicative of a marine influence during deposition. Although our Rock-Eval pyrolysis data indicate that gas-prone source rocks are prevalent in this part of the Orange Basin, the geochemical characteristics of samples from an Aptian unit at 3318 m in one of the wells suggest that better quality source rocks may exist deeper, in more distal depositional parts of the basin.     

储层岩石流动电位的电化学影响因素

利用储层岩石的流动电位特性描述油藏的流动特性已引起地球物理领域的关注。依据多孔介质中的双电层模型与毛管电化学理论,建立了渗流场、离子流场和电流场的耦合关系,数值模拟了泥质砂岩储渗特性和电化学因素对流动电位耦合系数的影响。结果表明:当考虑储层岩石中存在浓差极化效应时,流动电位耦合系数的绝对值随溶液浓度、阳离子交换量、孔隙度和渗透率的增大而增大;浓差极化效应对流动电位具有放大作用。     

裸眼系列完井方式下叠式分支水平井产能预测

综合运用保角变换、镜像反映愿理,势的叠加原理以及等值渗流阻力等数学和渗流力学分析方法,推导出裸眼系列完井方式下叠武分支水平井的产能解析公式,当分支数目为1时,所推导的解析公式退化为著名的Borisov公式.分析了影响其产能的几个重要因素,从而为该类型分支井的完井方案设计提供参考依据.经研究发现,完井筛管挡砂精度越高,相比水平井,叠式分支水平井产能损失相对越少;叠武分支水平井的产能受其在上下封闭边界油藏中垂向位置的影响较小;相比微元段模型,解析模型预测的产能偏高,引入校正系数后可减小偏差.     

西藏岗讲—白容斑岩铜钼矿地质特征及找矿方向

岗讲—白容铜铝矿系斑岩型矿床,位于冈底斯斑岩铜矿带的东段,矿区的含矿斑岩体显示多期次复式岩体特征,铜钼矿化与钾硅化蚀变关系密切.断裂构造对含矿岩体具明显破坏作用,对矿床的剥蚀程度也有明显的影响,研究认为岗讲矿区的剥蚀程度比白容矿区更浅,其“环状”矿体中心的流纹—英安斑岩之下尚有较大的找矿潜力.     

东乌旗查干陶勒盖找矿远景区详查工作浅析

通过研究二连浩特—东乌旗地区高精度航空物探(磁、电、放)资料,圈定具有找矿潜力的重点远景区,然后开展1∶10000面积性地质调查、地面磁法、电法、化探等详查工作,辅以槽探、钻探等工程验证,取得了较好的找矿效果.这种找矿思路以较短的时间、较小的投入而迅速圈定矿产目标,被实践证实是可行、有效的.     

扎日根铁矿区地质特征及找矿潜力分析

扎日根铁矿区地处三江成矿带沱沱河段。位于巴颜喀拉晚印支褶皱造山带、羌塘陆块二大构造单元间之羌塘陆块一侧。矿区为一轴向近东西、形态不完整的背斜,出露地层为下二叠统开心岭群诺日巴尕日保组。赋矿围岩为印支期中-基性次火山岩体,东矿段赋矿岩体位于背斜核部及南翼,中、西矿段赋矿岩体位于背斜北翼。矿体主要受次火山岩体及其内部早期构造裂隙控制,矿床成因为次火山岩浆期后热液型。赋矿岩体所处构造部位有利于形成规模较大的磁铁矿床。本区用磁法寻找磁铁矿的效果较好,而目前矿区部分1∶2000磁异常没有深部工程验证或验证不足,钻探工程控制深度不够,应进一步加大对已有异常的验证力度,以扩大资源远景。矿区南部正磁异常尚未圈闭,扩大高精度磁测范围以便发现新的异常,再对异常进行反演确定磁性体分布范围及空间形态,锁定赋矿有利部位并进行钻探验证,有望在深部发现较大规模的磁铁矿体。