浅谈“平行同步”的施工测量方法

文章介绍了“平行同步”测量方法的应用条件、过程及施工效果等。     

最短路径算法用于城市公交出行路径最优化

介绍了经典Dijk st ra算法的主要思想快速实现方法，指出了公交网络不同于一般的道路网络的特点，给出了选择公交出行路径的算法思想。     

NONHYDROSTATIC NUMERICAL SIMULATION FOR THE “96.8” EXTRAORDINARY RAINSTORM AND THE DEVELOPING STRUCTURE OF MESOSCALE SYSTEM*

During the period of 3—5 August 1996(for short "96.8"),an extraordinary rainstorm event occurred in Henan,Hebei and Shanxi Provinces in China,resulting in severe flood catastrophe.Synoptic analyses indicated that the stable gross col field and the interaction between a northward moving typhoon(down into low pressure)and its east lateral Pacific subtropical high were the large-and meso-scale circulation conditions of the "96.8" extraordinary rainstorm.The mesoscale typhoon-low and its specific dynamical and thermodynamical structures were directly related to this rainstorm event.The nonhydrostatic version of mesoscale numerical model MM5 was used to conduct investigation of numerical simulation for this case.The simulation with the full physical processes of nonhydrostatic version MM5 was basically possessed of a capability to reproduce the genesis,development and evolution of the large-scale and meso-α scale synoptic systems.The simulative results using a two-way interactive nesting procedure revealed that the typhoon-low was possessed of an intensive coupled mechanism between the dynamical and thermodynamical fields,namely,the developing typhoon-low was possessed of a structure of the.cyclonic vorticity column with warm center and high humidity,the vorticity column on the lower levels was the moist convective instability and negative moist potential vorticity structure:the intensive ascending vertical motion and the intense divergence on upper levels and intensive convergence on the lower levels as well as the development of the convective cloud cluster were intercoupling:the intense southern wind jet companied by the typhoon-low was not only the interaccompanying and intercoupling condition of the development and maintenance of the typhoon-low and convective cloud cluster,but also was the transportable belt of the moisture source and heat energy of the "96.8" extraordinary rainstorm.The analysis of simulative results of precipitation indicated that the distribution of the rainfall belt and rainfall rate was basically consistent with that of the observation in spite of some rainfall centers less or larger than those of the observation for coarse or fine mesh domain,respectively.     

TIP中期地震预报方法CN算法在河南省及邻区的检验与应用

应用ＴＩＰ中期地震预报方法中的ＣＮ算法，对河南省及其邻区发生的中等地震进行了性检验。结果表明内符效果较好，被检验的中等地震中有８０％地震前出现了ＴＩＰ，ＴＩＰ警戒时段占研究时间的２３．３％，综合计算报准率Ｒ值为０．５９。说明该算法对中等地震原中期预报具有实用意义。     

The mechanism of mine-collapse deduced from seismic observations

On May 2, 1993 more than 200 seismic events from an underground mine in Tyrol/Austria were recorded with short-period seismometers of a local seismic network which was introduced in the late 1980s to monitor the tectonic seismicity in Tyrol in greater detail. The cause of this series of mining-associated events has become the subject of intensive investigations — as it was associated with a subsidence affecting an area of 10.000 m². Underground observations revealed a number of discontinuities along which the rock mass was able to move. Seismic recordings of the close-by seismic stations revealed two types of mechanisms: One mechanism seems to be associated with pure block-sliding along several discontinuities, while other signals indicate additional collapse. The consideration and combination of several seismological principles made possible the construction of a model of the mine collapse.     

城市快速反应系统实验研究

在紧急的情况下，时间是非常重要的，因为几秒之差就会使营救结果截然不同。因此，为营救人员或当事人提供最佳路径，以缩短路途时间就变得非常重要。在ＧＩＳ和ＧＰＳ的支持下，以超图数据结构为基础，为控制台或当事人提供实时导航信息，可有效地减少路途时间。本文探讨了城市快速反应系统，怎样在超图数据结构的支持下，与ＧＩＳ和ＧＰＳ相结合，为系统操作者提供当前的实时位置及有关信息。     

短期气候预测的现状 问题与出路(一)

从方法论上分析了短期气候预测的现状、问题与出路。着重指出：基础理论研究的欠缺又不甚得法是短期气候预测准确率提高缓慢的原因；应当将数值预报的提法从初值问题改为演变问题，进一步提为反问题；统计学方法与动力学方法要相互借鉴，取长补短，融合发展。     

油气散失定量研究方法及其在准噶尔盆地的应用

首先将油气散失类型分为油气运移过程中的散失和油气成藏后的散失2大类，并分别进行了讨论．在详细分析研究资料的基础上，对油气散失的6种主要途径和机理进行了描述，建立了5种相关的油气散失地质模型和数学模型，介绍了准噶尔盆地油气散失的定量计算方法，其中对天然气扩散作用造成的散失量计算模型展开了深入的讨论．在此基础上，对准噶尔盆地油气散失的研究提出了相关建议．     

浅谈煤炭地勘单位的股份制改造

探讨了煤炭地质单位股份制改造等方面的问题，提出了股份公司的组建应灵活多样、不拘于现成模式，有条件时可组建规范化公司。还对公司的组建、运行和注意事项等方面进行了论述，并提出煤炭地质系统集团化的设想。     

地应力的重力来源与计算方法探讨

以地球物理学的基本理论为指导,根据地球重力场的特点,探讨了地应力的重力来源。以严密的理论分析为依据,指出了地应力产生的主要原因仍在于重力(即地心引力),重力不仅可以产生竖向地应力、而且还可产生水平地应力。给出了重力所致竖向地应力与水平地应力的科学表达方式。