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An experiment on evapotranspiration from citrus trees under irrigation with saline waterwas carried out for 4 months. Two lysimeters planted with a citrus tree in the green house wereused. One lysimeter was irrigated with saline water (NaCl and CaCl2 of 2000 mg/L equivalence,EC = 3.8 dS/m, SAR = 5.9) and the other was irrigated with freshwater using drip irrigation. Theapplied irrigation water was 1.2 times that of the evapotranspiration on the previous day.Evapotranspiration was calculated as the change in lysimeter weight recorded every 30 minutes.The lysimeters were filled with soil with 95.8% sand. The results of the experiment were as follows.(i) The evapotranspiration from citrus tree was reduced after irrigation with saline water. Theevapotranspiration returns to normal after leaching. However it takes months to exhaust the saltfrom the tree. ( ii ) To estimate the impact of irrigation with saline water on the evapotranspirationfrom citrus trees, the reduction coefficient due to salt stress (Ks) was used in this experiment.Evapotranspiration under irrigation with saline water (ETs) can be calculated from evapotranspira-tion under irrigation with freshwater (ET) by the equation ETs = Ks× ET. Ks can be expressed as afunction of ECsw. (iii) The critical soil-water electrical conductivity (ECsw) is 9.5 dS/m, beyondwhich adverse effects on evapotranspiration begin to appear. If ECsw can be controlled at below9.5 dS/m, saline water can be safely used for irrigation. 相似文献
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The bulk composition of organic matter and saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons extracted from 16 samples collected from two Kuperschiefer profiles in the Rudna mine,Southwest Poland has been analyzed to study the role of organic matter during base metal enrichment in the Kupferschiefer shale.The results indicated that the extract yields and saturated hydrocarbon yields decreased with increasing base metal contents.GC and GC/MS analyses indicated that n -alkanes and alkylated aromatic compounds were depleted and may have served as hydrogen donators for thermochemical sulfate reduction.The enrichment of base metal is closely connected with the destruction of hydrocarbons. 相似文献
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This article documents the analytical study and feasibility of placing a tuned mass damper in the form of a limber rooftop moment frame atop relatively stiff structures to reduce seismic acceleration response. Six existing structures were analytically studied using a suite of time history and response spectra records. The analyses indicate that adding mass in conjunction with a limber frame results in an increase in the fundamental period of each structure. The fundamental period increase generally results in a decrease in seismic acceleration response for the same time history and response spectra records. Owing to the limber nature of the rooftop frames, non‐linear analysis methods were required to evaluate the stability of the rooftop tuned mass damper frame. The results indicate the addition of a rooftop tuned mass damper frame reduces the seismic acceleration response for most cases although acceleration response can increase if the rooftop frame is not tuned to accommodate the specific structure's dynamic behaviour and localized soil conditions. Appropriate design of the rooftop tuned mass damper frame can result in decreased seismic acceleration response. This translates to safer structures if used as a retrofit measure or a more economical design if used for new construction. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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机载激光测深中的波浪改正技术 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
基于我国新研制的机载激光测深系统基本配置,提出了3种可供选择的波浪改正计算方案(也称为深度值归算方案),具体分析了3种方案的适用条件和应用范围,并从理论上对3种改正模型的计算精度进行了估算。 相似文献
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丽江7.0级地震前地震分形异常 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
本提供了丽江7.0级地震前滇西北地震活动空间容量维、关联维、信息熵十分显的异常图像;这些异常是在大震孕震区形成、应变释放加速阶段之后出现的,恰好揭示了源区、近源区大释放前的非线性变化过程。这与1965年以来云南及邻区8组大震前地震分形研究的结论完全一致;进一步说明地震活动分形异常对地震孕育的短临阶段具有重要的指示意义。 相似文献
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可控消能减震原理及结构分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
阎兴华 《地震工程与工程振动》1997,17(3):66-72
本文介绍一种新的减震结构体系及其分析方法。这种结构体系的减震系统由控制装置及耗能装置组成,控制装置根据结构反馈的相关信号,在回头点处启动耗能装置,耗散大量地震能量,属于半主动控制范畴。试验及理论分析表明,这种结构体系的减震效果良好,能够将结构的地震位移反应降低50%以上。本文介绍了这种结构体系的减震工作原理、数学模型、理论分析方法及算例,并给出了相应的结论。 相似文献