Isolation,identification and characterization of highly tellurite-resistant,tellurite-reducing bacteria from Antarctica

The tellurium oxyanion, tellurite, is extremely noxious to most living organisms. Its toxicity has been mainly related to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as to an unbalancing of the thiol:redox buffering system. Nevertheless, a few bacteria are capable of thriving at high tellurite concentrations. One mechanism of resistance is the enzymatic and non-enzymatic reduction of tellurite to the less toxic elemental tellurium. This reduction generates nano- to micrometric tellurium crystals that display different shapes and sizes.To date, a very limited number of highly tellurite-resistant and tellurite-reducing bacterial species are available from international culture collections. In this work, we decided to look for tellurite-reducing bacteria from an extreme environment, Antarctica. This environment exhibits a combination of several extreme factors such as high UV-radiation and desiccation and freezing conditions that impact directly on the local biodiversity. Since, as does, all these factors induce ROS formation, we hypothesized that Antarctic bacteria could also exhibit tellurite-resistance. In this context, we isolated 123 tellurite-resistant bacteria, and characterized six new tellurite-resistant and tellurite-reducing bacterial strains from samples collected in Antarctica. These strains were identified according to their 16S rRNA gene sequence as Staphylococcus hameolyticus, Staphylococcus sciuri, Acinetobacter haemolyticus, Pseudomonas lini, and two strains of Psychrobacter immobilis.The isolates display tellurite-resistance about 35- to 500-fold higher than Escherichia coli (Te-sensitive organism), and a high level of tellurite reduction which might be interesting for an application in the field of bioremediation or nanoparticle biosynthesis.     

Soil Plugging Effect on Drivability Prediction of Offshore Platform Piles

Field measurements of driving resistances and heights of soil core during driving were made offshore and onshore of steel pipe piles. Measured data show that the height of soil core varies differently for piles of different diameters with the increase of penetration. Dynamic plugging could be assumed never to occur for steel pipe piles with diameters over 900 mm. Soil resistances at the time of continuous driving (SRD) are back analyzed from blow counts with an empirical distribution of resistances suppported by many early dynamic measurements. A method of predicting SRD is finally suggested.     

弹性抗力法确定支护结构插入深度的研究

在支护结构计算中,通过对被动区土弹簧抗力引进弹塑性假设,解决了利用弹性抗力法计算支护结构插入深度问题,并与实际工程进行对照,理论得到较好验证,丰富和完善了弹性抗力法。     

雷电防护接地电阻降低方法及应用

从理论上深入探讨了几种降阻的方法,根据接地工程的实践,借鉴一些地网降阻失败的经验,提出了解决接地降阻典型方法和步骤的＂程序法＂,并在110 kV石门变电站地网改造中进行了应用和检验,供防雷工程人员在接地设计、施工中参考。     

天然植物提取物对鲤鱼生长性能及血液学指标的影响

于建鲤(Cyprinuscarpio var.jian)饲料中添加质量分数0.10%、0.15%和0.20%天然植物提取物(类黄酮、多糖),研究天然植物提取物对建鲤生产性能及血液学指标的影响,确定适宜的添加量。结果表明,综合比较成活率、饵料系数、单位产量等指标后,提取物添加量以0.15%为最佳。0.15%添加量组与对照组比较,成活率提高4.7%,饲料系数提高10%,单位产量提高18.8%,血液指标中红细胞增加44.5%、白细胞增加45%、中性白细胞增加15.22%、血红素增加10.6%。表明天然植物提取物(类黄酮、多糖)具有多种生物学效应。     

Full wave solution for hydrodynamic behaviors of pile breakwater

Rayleigh expansion is used to study the water-wave interaction with a row of pile breakwater in finite water depth. Evanescent waves, the wave energy dissipated on the fluid resistance and the thickness of the breakwater are totally included in the model. The formulae of wave reflection and transmission coefficients are obtained. The accuracy of the present model is verified by a comparison with existing results. It is found that the predicted wave reflection and transmission coefficients for the zero order are all highly consistent with the experimental data (Hagiwara, 1984; Isaacson et al., 1998) and plane wave solutions (Zhu, 2011). The losses of the wave energy for the fluid passing through slits play an important role, which removes the phenomena of enhanced wave transmission.     

沙波迎流面流速分布公式

为进一步揭示沙波水流运动特性及提高沙波迎流面流速计算精度,采用两种概化模型,通过小水深沙波水槽试验,运用声学多普勒流速仪,对沙波沿程及垂线流速分布进行了测量。基于乐培九次生流理论公式,结合沙波水流特性,假定次生流在沙波迎流面上处于一个不断发展演变的过程,提出了发展函数和修正函数,得到了适用于沙波迎流面的流速垂线分布公式。研究结果表明:相对水深越小,沙波地形对迎流面水流作用越显著,使得上部流速减小、近底流速增大,且越靠近波峰这种现象越明显;建立的沙波流速公式与实测值吻合较好,能够准确地反映出迎流面流速变化规律。     

扩体型锚杆的研制及其抗拔试验研究

在研制锚杆机械扩孔器的基础上,进行了扩体型锚杆的工艺试验和抗拔试验研究。试验结果表明,所研制的锚杆机械扩孔器对地层具有良好的适应性;扩体型锚杆较普通锚杆的承载力平均提高20 %～30 %,最大为66 %;扩体型锚杆的轴向应变陡降现象明显,具有显著的端承效应。     

青海省铂族矿找矿方向探讨

根据铂族元素的成矿特征和青海省构造运动的多期性、继承性，复合叠加改造成矿作用明显及各种含铂岩石建造的分布特征，研究认为：在青海省内铂族元素矿产的找矿工作，不仅要重视寻找与基性一超基性岩有关铂矿，而且也要注意在黑色页岩型、热液型、红色造山建造中寻找含铜砂岩型等矿床的研究与评价。     

Determination of Platinum‐Group Elements and Re‐Os Isotopes using ID‐ICP‐MS and N‐TIMS from a Single Digestion after Two‐Stage Column Separation

We report an improved procedure for the determination of the platinum‐group elements (PGE) and Re, and Os isotopes from a single sample aliquot by isotope dilution (ID) using inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) and negative thermal ionisation mass spectrometry (N‐TIMS), respectively. A two‐stage column method was used to purify PGE‐Re from their sample matrix and interfering elements (e.g., Mo, Zr and Hf) after Os had been separated by CCl₄ solvent extraction. The first column separation step used cation exchange resin (AG50W‐X8) to concentrate PGE‐Re and some potential interfering elements (e.g., Mo, Zr and Hf). In the second step, N‐benzoyl‐N‐phenylhydroxylamine (BPHA) extraction resin was used to separate PGE‐Re from the remaining interfering elements, which all remained strongly absorbed to the resin. The method was used to determine the PGE and rhenium, and Os isotope ratios in a range of geochemical reference materials (TDB‐1, WGB‐1, BHVO‐2 and UB‐N). The obtained results agree well with those previously published. This new method enables PGE‐Re abundances and Os isotopic ratios to be determined on the same sample digestion, and circumvents the problems created by sample heterogeneity when comparing PGE and Re‐Os isotope data.