Land reclamation and Deep Ecology: in search of a more meaningful physical geography

Deep Ecology provides a complete and practical philosophy to guide practice, research and teaching in physical geography. This proposes that long–term human self–interest is served best by serving the needs of Nature, which also provides an agenda for research. Understanding is constructed in three steps from the realization of the internal self, through the social self and ultimately the ecological Self, which provides an agenda for teaching and learning. Being 'useful' is proposed as a duty for geography. Its first priorities should be environmental management, mitigating the ecological footprint of humanity: first for the benefit of society, but ultimately for the benefit of the Self – within Nature. Systems thinking should guide investigation because Deep Ecology conceives Nature as a single interacting, multidimensional whole.     

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF THE SYMMETRIC AND ANTISYMMETRIC MOTIONS AND RELATED ENERGY CONVERSION

The physical properties of the symmetric and antisymmetric motions,such as the conservation of the ab-solute angular momentum,the mutual conversions between various forms of energy,have been analysed by usingthe sets of equaticns in p-coordinates controlling the motions in the primitive equation model atmosphere.Theresults show that only the symmetric component of zoral geopotential difference caused by orography and thatof the zonal frictional torque,have contribution to the change of the global angular momentum,and that themutual conversions between various forms of energy,in addition to those similar to the results in the classical case,irclude those associated with the symmetric and antisymmetric motions.     

Patterns of abundance and dominance of the phytoplankton of Rostherne Mere,England: Evidence from an 18-year data set

Rostherne Mere is a small but relatively deep, turbid and highly eutrophic lake. In recent years, the productivity and dynamics of its phytoplankton have been particularly sensitive to the interaction between light income and thermal stability. Analysis reveals that interannual differences in the size and duration of phytoplankton crops, as well as in the predominating species, are not random but that there is a reproducible coherence with weather-generated external forcing. Severe light-limitation restricts phytoplankton development outside the stratified period, though delayed stratification in spring may promote relatively large diatom crops. In summer,Microcystis will usually dominate provided its recruitment period coincides with high water clarity. OtherwiseCeratium generally dominates. Examples of extremely stable stratification leading toScenedesmus dominance and of persistent episodes of summer mixing favouringOscillatoria dominance are found to agree well with previous matrix models.     

含金黄铁矿中存在晶格金的佐证——以河北省灵寿县土岭—石湖金矿床为例

通过化学物相分析和EPR波谱分析两种方法,对土蛉—石湖金矿床中含金黄铁矿中的金赋存状态进行了研究.含金黄铁矿中存在着主要类型为Au~(+)的晶格金,它的EPR波谱分析的超精细结构谱线g因子=2.001士0.001.分析讨论了HNO_3溶解黄铁矿的氧化还原反应的复杂性以及黄铁矿中含金量与FS谱线强度之间的关系.     

右江地区新生代断裂活动及构造变形机制的物理模拟分析

右江地区北西向断裂起源于晚古生代右江盆地内发育的同沉积断裂，这些断裂近等间距平行分布，新生代以来发生了多期次左旋走滑活动，进而导致了右江地区整体发生简单剪切变形。利用三维沙箱模型展开了物理模拟实验，对新生代右江地区的变形机制进行了分析。实验结果表明，早期在红河断裂的左旋剪切错动和印支地块的顺时针旋转联合作用下，右江地区北西向断裂复活，并发生明显的左旋走滑活动；随后川滇地块发生东南向的挤出运动，对右江地区产生侧向挤压，导致了右江地区北西向断裂新一轮的快速左旋走滑活动，同时还导致了右江地区西部的地壳压缩增厚。实验证实新生代右江地区的简单剪切变形以及北西向断裂的走滑活动是印支地块和川滇地块挤出运动共同作用的结果，同时也是印度-欧亚板块碰撞产生的连锁反应之一。      

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Development and Environment in Peninsular Malaysia . S. Robert Aiken, Colin H. Leigh, Thomas R. Leinbach, Michael R. Moss. The Rural-Urban Fringe: Canadian Perspectives . Ken B. Beesley and Lorne H. Russwurm, eds. Women and Development . Lourdes Benería, ed. The Border that Joins: Mexican Migrants and U.S. Responsibility . Peter G. Brown and Henry Shue, eds. Cities of the World: World Regional Urban Development . Stanley D. Brunn and Jack L. Williams, eds. Time Resources, Society, and Ecology: On the Capacity for Human Interaction in Space and Time (Vol. I, Preindustrial Societies). Tommy Carlstein. Urban Geography . David Clark. Spanish City Planning in North America . Dora P. Crouch, Daniel J. Garr, and Axel I. Mundigo. Not On Our Street: Community Attitudes to Mental Health Care . M. J. Dear and S. M. Taylor Unequal growth: Urban and Regional Employment Change in the U.K. Stephen Fothergill and Graham Gudgin. Agricultural Land in an Urban Society . Owen J. Furuseth and John T. Pierce. The Petroleum Industry in Oil-Importing Developing Countries . Fariborz Ghadar. Historical Understanding in Geography, An Idealist Approach . Leonard Guelke. Regional Planning in Europe . R. Hudson and J. R. Lewis, eds. Remote Sensing for Resource Management . Chris J. Johannsen and James L. Sanders, eds. Geography and The State . R. J. Johnston. Texas Graveyards: a Cultural Legacy . Tlrry G. Jordan. The Politics of Location: An Introduction . Andrew Kirby. A Social Geography of the City . David Ley. Energy and the Future . Douglas MacLean and Peter Brown, eds. The Natural Environment of Newfoundland Past and Present . A. G. Macpherson and J. B. Macpherson, eds. Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts . Alister Mathieson and Geoffrey Wall. Railroads and Land Grant Policy: A Study in Government Intervention . Lloyd J. Mercer. Progress in Rural Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Urban Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Models of Spatial Inequality: Settlement Patterns in Historical Archaeology . Robert Paynter. Natural Hazard Risk Assessment and Public Policy, Anticipating the Unexpected . William J. Petak and Arthur A. Atkisson. The Nature of Geomorphology . Alistair F. Pitty. Regional Conflict and National Policy . Kent A. Price Women and Spatial Change: Learning Resources for Social Science Courses . Arlene C. Rengert and Janice J. Monk, eds. Urban and Regional Analysis for Development Planning . Richard Rhoda. Rivers: Form and Process in Alluvial Channels . Keith Richards. This Remarkable Continent: An Atlas of United States and Canadian Society and Culture . John F. Rooney, Jr., Wilbur Zelinsky, and Dean R. Louder, gen. eds. The Origins of Open-Field Agriculture . Trevor Rowley, ed. Residential Location Determinants of the Older Population . Gundars Rudzitis. Borderland Sourcebook: A Guide to the Literature on Northern Mexico and the American Southwest . Ellwyn R. Stoddard, Richard L. Nostrand, and Jonathan P. West, eds. Arctic and Antarctic . David Sugden. Tall Timbers Ecology and Management Conference, February 22–24, 1979, Proceedings No. 16 . Graphic Communication and Design in Contemporary Cartography (Progress in Contemporary Cartography , Vol. II). D. R. Fraser Taylor, ed. Living with Energy Shortfall: A Future for American Towns and Cities . Jon Van Til. The United States: Habitation of Hope . J. Wreford Watson. Air Photo Interpretation for Archaeologists . D. R. Wilson. Urban and Rural Change in West Germany . Trevor Wild, ed. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson.     

A new technique of physical dissipation and its application to a mesoscale numerical weather prediction model

In terms of statistical physics, a fluid such as the atmosphere is a many-body system which has a vast amount of degree of freedom and thus obeys the second law of thermodynamics. In this paper, a noticeable improvement of the prognostic outputs is made by reconstructing the terms of the horizontal diffusion of MM5 according to the principles of the second law of thermodynamics; besides, the computational noise is effectively and significantly suppressed since the physical dissipative technique for reconstructing suggested in this paper is based on the physical law rather than on the computational method such as the artificial viscosity.     

土壤物理化学环境对石榴品质的影响--河北省元氏县石榴品质差异原因初探

在农业生态地质调查基础上,通过对土壤有效态元素及石榴品质的测定,对影响河北省元氏县石榴品质的土壤物理化学因素进行了分析探讨。结果表明土壤母质岩性、母岩裂隙、土壤结构对石榴品质有一定的影响。在元氏丘陵山区片麻岩土、石英片麻岩土中P、K、Mg、Fe、Mn、Zn、B、S、Mo、Na、Mg、Cu、Si有效态元素含量高,母岩裂隙及土壤结构有利于水分及养分的保持和石榴根系吸收,有利于石榴的品质。     

湘西地区陡山沱组黑色岩石风化与物理力学性质的变化特征

湘西地区陡山沱组黑色岩石因其特殊的矿物成份和地理位置，其风化作用具显著特征，即化学风化和物理风化作用相伴、相互促进。化学风化产生的矿物质一部分流失，一部分迅速结晶，形成物理风化作用，均造成岩石不断破碎，裂隙加深，因而又促使各种风化作用更加深入到岩石之中。这种风化所造成的岩石物理力学性质变化，将对岩土体的工程稳定性造成很大的影响。因而研究岩石风化后的这种变化有着十分重要的意义。本文对湘西地区陡山沱组黑色岩石不同风化特征进行了深入研究，结合其物理力学试验以及大量的点荷载强度试验结果，分析研究了岩石风化过程中物理力学性质的变化特征，提出了在该类岩石地区进行工程建设时应采取的措施。     

GPS在物理大地测量中的应用及GPS边值问题

针对GPS技术逐步用于物理大地测量的现状，从物理大地测量的基本原理及方法入手，分析了GPS对传统物理大地测量理论及方法所产生的影响、GPS在解决物理大地测量中的一些难题所发挥的作用以及对物理大地测量的一些功能所造成的变化。重点讨论了物理大地测量边值问题的基本属性的改变、第二边值问题的应用、高程系统的确定、GPS边值问题的定义、特征及求解。最后，对GPS与物理大地测量进一步结合所面临的有关问题进行了简要论述。