基于BOFDA的砂—黏土互层垂向变形物理模型试验研究

地面沉降作为一种常见地质灾害对城市发展造成巨大威胁，有效监测土层的垂向变形过程是地面沉降防治的一项重 要工作。文章采用布里渊光频域分析（BOFDA） 技术，利用室内地面沉降模型，对砂—黏土互层土体在排灌水循环中的垂 向变形进行分布式监测，并结合固结压缩试验对土体的垂向变形进行分析。结果表明：黏土层为地面沉降的主要变形层； 在排灌水循环中，土体也会经历压缩—回弹的循环。此外，BOFDA分布式监测技术可以有效地捕捉砂—黏土互层土体在排 灌水状态下的垂向变形情况，实现对地面沉降发育过程中土体垂向变形的实时监测。研究结果可为实现地面沉降的有效防 治措施提供一定的参考依据。     

“94.5.2”特大暴雨过程分析

通过分析１９９４年５月１－３日闽西北特大暴雨的环流背景，物理量场，卫星云图和地面尺度系统的特征及其演变，揭示了这场特大暴雨的物理机制和各要素场特征。     

广西高龙金矿地电化学深部找矿研究

地电化学提取法是在动态平衡的原理之上，利用人工电场提取深部或成矿离子进行成矿预测，确定成矿靶区。为节省投入和资源，延长矿山寿命，对广西高龙金矿投入以地电化学提取为主的深部找矿方法来找寻延深或下伏矿体。通过对地电化学提取异常和其他物化探异常的综合分析，确定高龙金矿鸡公岩矿段具有一定的找矿潜力，并再次证明了地电化学提取法找寻深部隐伏矿的有效性及其探测深度。     

A Numerical Simulation of the Seasonal Cycle of Temperature, Salinity and Velocity Fields in Tokyo Bay

To understand when oxygen-depleted waters occur, how they develop and when they dissipate in inner Tokyo Bay, realistic simulations were attempted with fine spatial and temporal resolution by applying realistic time dependent external forcing. A 3D hydrodynamic model was driven by time-dependent external forcing factors/parameters such as solar radiation, air temperature, relative humidity, wind velocity, and fluvial discharge, under the open boundary conditions of 1995. A simulated time series of salinity and temperature agreed fairly well with observed data, except in summer. The model failed to reproduce the development of the surface mixed layer in summer. Several sensitivity analyses on the external forcing parameters such as wind velocity and vertical diffusivity were conducted to reproduce the mixed layer. However, changing these parameter values did not improve the model results.     

Operational Monitoring and Forecasting in the Aegean Sea: System Limitations and Forecasting Skill Evaluation

The POSEIDON system, based on a network of 11 oceanographic buoys and a system of atmospheric/oceanic models, provides real-time observations and forecasts of the marine environmental conditions in the Aegean Sea. The buoy network collects meteorological, sea state and upper-ocean physical and biochemical data. The efficiency and functionality of the various system components are being evaluated during the present pre-operational phase and discussed in this paper. The problem of bio-fouling on optical and chemical sensors is found to be a main limitation factor on the quality of data. Possible solutions to this problem as well as quality control methods that are being developed are also described. Finally, an evaluation of the numerical models is presented through the estimation of their forecasting skill for selected periods.     

储层物性的空间结构特征分析与预测—以青海尕斯库勒油田E3^1油藏为例

储层物性受诸多地质因素的影响，经常表现出强烈的非均质性。这种非均质性在一定的空间尺度上往往具有明显的结构特点。本文以青海尕斯库勒油田E3^1油藏为例，讨论了地质统计学方法在油田储层特性空间结构特征分析与预测中的应用。采用变异函数定量描述了孔隙度和渗透率的空间分布结构特征，并在此基础上利用克立格法进行了最成插值预测。结果表明，研究区储层物性（孔隙度和渗透率）具有显著的空间结构性特点，变程一般在800－2000m之间；不同小层的储层物性具有不同的空间结构方向性。这种特征主要沉积相带空间展布的影响，各小层孔隙度和渗透率的实验半变异函数均可用具有块金效应的球状模型来拟合并进行预测。作为验证，本文还采用“多重趋势面”预测模型对储层的孔隙度和渗透率进行了预测分析。     

缺乏资料条件下倒灌河段流速的近似确定方法

倒灌河段受干流影响往往存在双向流动,其流速的确定与单一河道明显不同,对缺乏必要水文和地形资料的大量中小倒灌河段,使用数学模型或物理模型常常遇到困难.针对这一情形,本文采用物理模型,结合数学模型及多元回归分析方法,提出了确定倒灌河段最大流速的经验公式,具有一定的应用价值,为工程问题中倒灌河段流速确定作了有益的尝试.     

河工动床模型存在问题及其解决途径

河工模型是解决江河治理及大型水利水电工程泥沙问题的主要手段。本文研究了河工动床模型设汁与试验过程中存在的几何变态、推移质泥沙级配选配、时间变态等问题,并提出了相应的解决途径和建议。     

合肥地区粘性土物理力学指标的相关性分析

本文用数理统计的方法，对合肥地区具有代表性的616个粘性土试样的试验成果进行分析，建立了土性指标的线性方程，并进行了分析，为进一步研究该地区粘性土物理力学性质指标的相关性积累了资料。